ECPI A&P 1 Final Exam
Endocrine - correct answer the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands
that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
red bone marrow - correct answer found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis, produces
blood cells
yellow bone marrow - correct answer fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult
long bones
covalent bond - correct answer A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons
between atoms in a molecule
ionic bond - correct answer Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one
atom to another
hydrogen bond - correct answer weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
Polar - correct answer Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.having a pair of equal
and opposite charges
Nonpolar - correct answer No partial charges. Do not mix with water.equal sharing of electrons
What is a genetic code - correct answer is the set of rules used by living cells to translate
information encoded within genetic material into proteins.
DNA - correct answer deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all
living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic
information.
smooth muscle - correct answer Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the
body
cardiac muscle - correct answer Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
skeletal muscle - correct answer A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and
provides the force that moves the bones.
Nucleus - correct answer A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
myocyte - correct answer muscle cell or muscle fiber
Chondrocytes - correct answer mature cartilage cells that reside in lacunae. a cell which has
secreted the matrix of cartilage and become embedded in it.
Osteocytes - correct answer a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in
the matrix it has secreted.
Adipocytes - correct answer fat cells
, ECPI A&P 1 Final Exam
Erythrocytes - correct answer red blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which
carries oxygen
Aponeurosis - correct answer strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to
bone
What is the matrix composed of? - correct answer fibrous proteins and ground substance
What are the layers of the bone? - correct answer periosteum, compact bone, spongy bone,
bone marrow
Interphase - correct answer Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for
division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
Prophase - correct answer Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle
forms
Metaphase - correct answer second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell
Anaphase - correct answer the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles
Telophase - correct answer phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes
begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
Cytokinesis - correct answer division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
muscle spindles - correct answer receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the
rate of that change
Golgi tendon organs - correct answer receptors that sense movement of the tendons, which
connect muscle to bone
tectorial membrane - correct answer A membrane located above the basilar membrane; serves
as a shelf against which the cilia of the auditory hair cells move
Nociceptors - correct answer pain receptors
EPSP - correct answer Excitatory postsynaptic potential; a slight depolarization of a
postsynaptic cell, bringing the membrane potential of that cell closer to the threshold for an
action potential.
IPSP - correct answer Inhibitory postsynaptic potential; a slight hyperpolarization of the
postysynaptic cell, moving the membrane potential of that cell further from threshold.
graded potential - correct answer a shift in the electrical charge in a tiny area of a neuron
Endocrine - correct answer the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands
that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
red bone marrow - correct answer found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis, produces
blood cells
yellow bone marrow - correct answer fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult
long bones
covalent bond - correct answer A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons
between atoms in a molecule
ionic bond - correct answer Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one
atom to another
hydrogen bond - correct answer weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
Polar - correct answer Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.having a pair of equal
and opposite charges
Nonpolar - correct answer No partial charges. Do not mix with water.equal sharing of electrons
What is a genetic code - correct answer is the set of rules used by living cells to translate
information encoded within genetic material into proteins.
DNA - correct answer deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all
living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic
information.
smooth muscle - correct answer Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the
body
cardiac muscle - correct answer Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
skeletal muscle - correct answer A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and
provides the force that moves the bones.
Nucleus - correct answer A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
myocyte - correct answer muscle cell or muscle fiber
Chondrocytes - correct answer mature cartilage cells that reside in lacunae. a cell which has
secreted the matrix of cartilage and become embedded in it.
Osteocytes - correct answer a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in
the matrix it has secreted.
Adipocytes - correct answer fat cells
, ECPI A&P 1 Final Exam
Erythrocytes - correct answer red blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which
carries oxygen
Aponeurosis - correct answer strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to
bone
What is the matrix composed of? - correct answer fibrous proteins and ground substance
What are the layers of the bone? - correct answer periosteum, compact bone, spongy bone,
bone marrow
Interphase - correct answer Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for
division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
Prophase - correct answer Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle
forms
Metaphase - correct answer second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell
Anaphase - correct answer the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles
Telophase - correct answer phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes
begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin
Cytokinesis - correct answer division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
muscle spindles - correct answer receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the
rate of that change
Golgi tendon organs - correct answer receptors that sense movement of the tendons, which
connect muscle to bone
tectorial membrane - correct answer A membrane located above the basilar membrane; serves
as a shelf against which the cilia of the auditory hair cells move
Nociceptors - correct answer pain receptors
EPSP - correct answer Excitatory postsynaptic potential; a slight depolarization of a
postsynaptic cell, bringing the membrane potential of that cell closer to the threshold for an
action potential.
IPSP - correct answer Inhibitory postsynaptic potential; a slight hyperpolarization of the
postysynaptic cell, moving the membrane potential of that cell further from threshold.
graded potential - correct answer a shift in the electrical charge in a tiny area of a neuron
