Physical Anthropology Exam 2 - Study
Guide
What are the phases of development? What happens in each phase? - correct answer ✔✔Prenatal
-first semester
-second semester
-third semester
Birth
Neonatal and Infancy
Childhood
Juvenile
Adolescence
Adult
Homeostasis and senescence? - correct answer ✔✔homeostasis - functions properly
senescence - doesn't function properly
What two scientific books/works (Robert Knox and Friedrich Blumenbach) were used to create the
concept of race? - correct answer ✔✔Published a book in 1850 titled "the races of man"
Unilineal Evolution - correct answer ✔✔All cultures pass through similar stages of development. Those
that are not as advanced must have some sort of arrested development.
Biological Determinism - correct answer ✔✔The idea that behavior, intelligence, morals, disposition are
controlled by biology alone.
How was race as a phenotype disproved? Who disproved it? - correct answer ✔✔-Franz boaz started to
calculate the cephalic index
-He comes to the conclusion over and over again that Blumenbach was full of sh- yeah
, -So basically, the shape of the skull was only molded due to the environment and you couldn't put
people into biological categories. Everyone had the same level of smartness.
How was race as a genotype disproved? Who disproved it? - correct answer ✔✔-Robert Lewontin found
that there are no genetic boundaries based on a racial concept.
-Genetic variation prevalent in and between groups of people.
-Race as a taxonomic group of people is erroneous. It is the result of imposing culture on natural
patterns of variation.
Cline - correct answer ✔✔The changes in
phenotype or genotype
from one population to
the next.
What is the name that we assign to human variation today? - correct answer ✔✔race
Genetic Adaptation (thoughts on reversing or being inheritable?) - correct answer ✔✔Generational
adaptation. Inheritable. Non-Reversible. (ex. Hair loss, skin color, sickle cell anemia, hot and cold
environments)
Cultural Adaptation (thoughts on reversing or being inheritable?) - correct answer ✔✔Clothing, eating,
and housing. Not inherited. Reversible.
Developmental (thoughts on reversing or being inheritable?) - correct answer ✔✔Ontogeny. Not
inherited. Not reversible. Cultural or Environmental. (Food binding, Nutrition, lacking vitamins causing
disease, high altitude causes bigger heart and lungs)
Physiological - correct answer ✔✔Not inherited. Reversible. Acclimatization (Short term
biological changes. Forms are - Long term; Short term)
(examples: Over nutrition and obesity. Altitude for short periods, heat and cold)
Vasodilation - correct answer ✔✔allows for
Guide
What are the phases of development? What happens in each phase? - correct answer ✔✔Prenatal
-first semester
-second semester
-third semester
Birth
Neonatal and Infancy
Childhood
Juvenile
Adolescence
Adult
Homeostasis and senescence? - correct answer ✔✔homeostasis - functions properly
senescence - doesn't function properly
What two scientific books/works (Robert Knox and Friedrich Blumenbach) were used to create the
concept of race? - correct answer ✔✔Published a book in 1850 titled "the races of man"
Unilineal Evolution - correct answer ✔✔All cultures pass through similar stages of development. Those
that are not as advanced must have some sort of arrested development.
Biological Determinism - correct answer ✔✔The idea that behavior, intelligence, morals, disposition are
controlled by biology alone.
How was race as a phenotype disproved? Who disproved it? - correct answer ✔✔-Franz boaz started to
calculate the cephalic index
-He comes to the conclusion over and over again that Blumenbach was full of sh- yeah
, -So basically, the shape of the skull was only molded due to the environment and you couldn't put
people into biological categories. Everyone had the same level of smartness.
How was race as a genotype disproved? Who disproved it? - correct answer ✔✔-Robert Lewontin found
that there are no genetic boundaries based on a racial concept.
-Genetic variation prevalent in and between groups of people.
-Race as a taxonomic group of people is erroneous. It is the result of imposing culture on natural
patterns of variation.
Cline - correct answer ✔✔The changes in
phenotype or genotype
from one population to
the next.
What is the name that we assign to human variation today? - correct answer ✔✔race
Genetic Adaptation (thoughts on reversing or being inheritable?) - correct answer ✔✔Generational
adaptation. Inheritable. Non-Reversible. (ex. Hair loss, skin color, sickle cell anemia, hot and cold
environments)
Cultural Adaptation (thoughts on reversing or being inheritable?) - correct answer ✔✔Clothing, eating,
and housing. Not inherited. Reversible.
Developmental (thoughts on reversing or being inheritable?) - correct answer ✔✔Ontogeny. Not
inherited. Not reversible. Cultural or Environmental. (Food binding, Nutrition, lacking vitamins causing
disease, high altitude causes bigger heart and lungs)
Physiological - correct answer ✔✔Not inherited. Reversible. Acclimatization (Short term
biological changes. Forms are - Long term; Short term)
(examples: Over nutrition and obesity. Altitude for short periods, heat and cold)
Vasodilation - correct answer ✔✔allows for
