Tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself. - ANSWER Egocentrism
Assumption that one own's social group is superior to all others. - ANSWER
Sociocentrism
Thinking that is spontaneous and non-reflective thinking. Contains insight, prejudice,
good and bad reasoning. Indiscriminately combined. - ANSWER First-order thinking
First-order thinking that is consciously realized (analyzed, reassessed, reconstructed). -
ANSWER Second-order thinking
Ignore flaws in own thinking. Often tries to win arguments through intellectually trickery
or deceit. - ANSWER Weak-sense critical thinking
Strive to be ethical. Strive to emphasize with other viewpoints. Will entertain arguments
they do not agree with. Change views when confronted with superior reasoning. Employ
thinking reasonably rather than manipulatively. - ANSWER Strong-sense critical
thinking
Commitment to discover the extent of your own ignorance on any issue. - ANSWER
Intellectual humility
Confronting ideas, viewpoints, or beliefs with fairness, even when doing so is painful. -
ANSWER Intellectual courage
Inhabiting perspectives of others in order to genuinely understand them. - ANSWER
Intellectual empathy
Holding oneself to the same rigorous intellectual standards that one expects others to
meet - ANSWER Intellectual integrity
Working one's way through intellectual complexities despite frustrations inherent in
doing so - ANSWER Intellectual perseverance
Proceeds from the belief that both the individual's and society's interests are best
served by unfettered reason - ANSWER Confidence in reason
Thinking of oneself while adhering to standards of rationality - ANSWER Intellectual
autonomy