BISC 120 week 1 Test | with Verified Answers
Why is it beneficial that DNA is organized in a double helix - ✔✔-bases paired (unexposed to
environment)
-protects genetic code
-stable
Purines - ✔✔Adenine and Guanine
Pyridamines - ✔✔thymine and cytosine
How many bonds between adenine and thymine - ✔✔2 hydrogen bonds
Why is it beneficial for hydrogen bonds to be present between nitrogenous bases - ✔✔-easy
to break
-small
-cohesion: attraction
-polarity keeps close
-hydrogen has 1 electron so it is easier for other atoms to bond with it and pull its electron in
What is the central dogma - ✔✔DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Genetic info flows in one direction
Processes of central dogma - ✔✔replication, transcription, translation
DNA replication - ✔✔The process in which DNA makes a duplicate copy of itself.
, Transcription - ✔✔DNA "unzips" and an mRNA strand that is complementary to the template
strand is formed
-in nucleus
Coding strand - ✔✔the strand of DNA that is not used for transcription and is identical in
sequence to mRNA, except it contains uracil instead of thymine
What does RNA contain the DNA does not - ✔✔Uracil instead of thymine
Translation - ✔✔A ribosome reads the triplet codes (codons) to form a specific amino acid,
which then attach to form proteins
Gene - ✔✔Segment of DNA that codes for an expression
Centrosome - ✔✔Connecting point of 2 chromatids
Chromatin - ✔✔Condensed DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes
Chromosome - ✔✔Separate pieces of DNA in a cell that contain genes
Nucleotide - ✔✔monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group,
and a nitrogenous base
If a DNA molecule has 35% adenine base what is the predicted percentage of guanine -
✔✔15%
If an organism has 4 pairs of chromosomes how many sister chromatids will be generated -
✔✔16
Why is it beneficial that DNA is organized in a double helix - ✔✔-bases paired (unexposed to
environment)
-protects genetic code
-stable
Purines - ✔✔Adenine and Guanine
Pyridamines - ✔✔thymine and cytosine
How many bonds between adenine and thymine - ✔✔2 hydrogen bonds
Why is it beneficial for hydrogen bonds to be present between nitrogenous bases - ✔✔-easy
to break
-small
-cohesion: attraction
-polarity keeps close
-hydrogen has 1 electron so it is easier for other atoms to bond with it and pull its electron in
What is the central dogma - ✔✔DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Genetic info flows in one direction
Processes of central dogma - ✔✔replication, transcription, translation
DNA replication - ✔✔The process in which DNA makes a duplicate copy of itself.
, Transcription - ✔✔DNA "unzips" and an mRNA strand that is complementary to the template
strand is formed
-in nucleus
Coding strand - ✔✔the strand of DNA that is not used for transcription and is identical in
sequence to mRNA, except it contains uracil instead of thymine
What does RNA contain the DNA does not - ✔✔Uracil instead of thymine
Translation - ✔✔A ribosome reads the triplet codes (codons) to form a specific amino acid,
which then attach to form proteins
Gene - ✔✔Segment of DNA that codes for an expression
Centrosome - ✔✔Connecting point of 2 chromatids
Chromatin - ✔✔Condensed DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes
Chromosome - ✔✔Separate pieces of DNA in a cell that contain genes
Nucleotide - ✔✔monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group,
and a nitrogenous base
If a DNA molecule has 35% adenine base what is the predicted percentage of guanine -
✔✔15%
If an organism has 4 pairs of chromosomes how many sister chromatids will be generated -
✔✔16
