UNCC Biology 1100 Test 1 with Complete Solution
_____ are to proteins as _____ are to nucleic acids - ANSWER-amino acids
nucleotides
_____ is the "good" cholesterol and _____ is the "bad" cholesterol. - ANSWER-LDL
HDL
_______ is a precursor steroid used to build more complex structures; also found in cell
membranes. - ANSWER-cholesterol
________ is a structural polysaccharide found in exoskeleton of arthropods and fungal
cell wall. - ANSWER-Chitin
__________ is a fatty acid containing no double bonds between carbon atoms in the
carbon skeleton; hydrocarbon tail is straight in form. - ANSWER-saturated fatty acid
__________ is a fatty acid containing one or more double bonds between carbon atoms
in the carbon skeleton; hydrocarbon tail is kinked if the double bond is in the cis form. -
ANSWER-unsaturated fatty acid
__________ is a lipid composed of a glycerol and three fatty acids. A common term for
triacylglycerol or triglyceride. - ANSWER-fat
__________ is a lipid comprised of a carbon skeleton arranged in four fused rings;
cholesterol is an example. - ANSWER-steroid
__________ is a lipid made of two fatty acids, one glycerol, and one phosphate group;
commonly associated with cell membranes. - ANSWER-phospholipid
__________ is a molecule composed of a carboxylic acid and a hydrocarbon chain
often sixteen to eighteen carbon atoms long; can be "saturated" or "unsaturated" in
form. - ANSWER-fatty acid
__________ is an unsaturated fat with a double bond in the hydrocarbon tail that is in
the trans conformation; recently associated with health risks. - ANSWER-trans fat
__________ is biologically important hydrophobic molecule. - ANSWER-lipid
___________ have a different number of neutrons as compared to other isotopes -
ANSWER-Radioactive isotopes
___________ is a lipid obtained in the diet and produced by the liver. - ANSWER-
Cholesterol
,____________ are formed by joining monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis. -
ANSWER-Polysaccharides
_____________ are formed by chemically bonding smaller subunits called monomers
together. - ANSWER-Polymers
A ________ consists of similar cells that carry out a particular function. - ANSWER-
Tissue
A __________ is a chain of amino acids - ANSWER-Polypeptide
A ____________ is something added to water that removes H+ionsfrom a solution or
releases OH-. - ANSWER-base
A nucleotide is made of which chemical components? - ANSWER-nitrogen-containing
base
phosphate group
sugar
A scientist tries to build a eukaryotic cell in her laboratory. She remembers to include
most of the organelles, but forgets one. Among other abnormalities, her newly created
cell cannot synthesize the enzymes needed to detoxify drugs and poisons. Which
organelle is missing? - ANSWER-The Smooth ER
A small cell has a large _______ to increase its efficiency - ANSWER-Surface to Area
to Volume Ratio
A(n) ___________ results when two atoms share __________ in order to have a
completed outer shell. - ANSWER-covalent bond
electrons
All proteins have which 3 protein structures - ANSWER-Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Amino acids are linked by _______ _______ (a covalent bond formed during
dehydration synthesis. - ANSWER-Peptide Bonds
An ________ is something added to water that release/increaseH+ions in the solution
so there are more H+than OH-. - ANSWER-acid
An example of a protein that transport oxygen in red blood cells is ______. - ANSWER-
hemoglobin
An ionic bond is a type of bond that joins ________. - ANSWER-atoms
, Atomic Number is the number of ___________ an atom has. - ANSWER-Protons
Atoms of the same element with varying numbers of neutrons, some of which produce
radiation that may be useful medically, are called _________. - ANSWER-isotopes
Atoms with more than one shell are most stable when the _________ shell contains 8
electrons. - ANSWER-outer
Based on the theory of endosymbiosis, two organelles that are believed to be the
remnants of unicellular bacteria are? - ANSWER-Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Because it is a polar compound, individual water molecules are attracted to one another
by ___________ bonds, which form because of the attraction between the positive
hydrogen atoms and the negative oxygen atoms. - ANSWER-hydrogen
Because of the high number of hydrogen bonds, water exhibits ___________, meaning
the molecules cling together. Under ordinary conditions of temperature and pressure,
water exists as a __________. - ANSWER-cohesion
liquid
Carbohydrate types of molecules are typically used for immediate energy or, in the case
of RNA and DNA, for storage of ______. - ANSWER-genetic information
Chemically speaking what are all living things made of? - ANSWER-Matter
Chemicals or a combination of chemicals that keeps pH levels within normal limits are
called ________. - ANSWER-buffers
Does a Eurkaryotic cell have a membrane bound organelle? - ANSWER-Yes
Does a Prokaryotic cell have a membrane bound organelle? - ANSWER-No
Does acidity cause an increase in H+ or OH-? - ANSWER-H+
Domain __________ includes both unicellular and multicellular organisms - ANSWER-
Eukarya
During an ionic reaction, atoms give up or receive __________ to ensure a stable outer
shell. - ANSWER-electrons
Elephants are larger than us as humans because they are made of ____________? -
ANSWER-A greater number of cells
Fatty acids can be _______, meaning they contain double bonds. - ANSWER-
unsaturated
_____ are to proteins as _____ are to nucleic acids - ANSWER-amino acids
nucleotides
_____ is the "good" cholesterol and _____ is the "bad" cholesterol. - ANSWER-LDL
HDL
_______ is a precursor steroid used to build more complex structures; also found in cell
membranes. - ANSWER-cholesterol
________ is a structural polysaccharide found in exoskeleton of arthropods and fungal
cell wall. - ANSWER-Chitin
__________ is a fatty acid containing no double bonds between carbon atoms in the
carbon skeleton; hydrocarbon tail is straight in form. - ANSWER-saturated fatty acid
__________ is a fatty acid containing one or more double bonds between carbon atoms
in the carbon skeleton; hydrocarbon tail is kinked if the double bond is in the cis form. -
ANSWER-unsaturated fatty acid
__________ is a lipid composed of a glycerol and three fatty acids. A common term for
triacylglycerol or triglyceride. - ANSWER-fat
__________ is a lipid comprised of a carbon skeleton arranged in four fused rings;
cholesterol is an example. - ANSWER-steroid
__________ is a lipid made of two fatty acids, one glycerol, and one phosphate group;
commonly associated with cell membranes. - ANSWER-phospholipid
__________ is a molecule composed of a carboxylic acid and a hydrocarbon chain
often sixteen to eighteen carbon atoms long; can be "saturated" or "unsaturated" in
form. - ANSWER-fatty acid
__________ is an unsaturated fat with a double bond in the hydrocarbon tail that is in
the trans conformation; recently associated with health risks. - ANSWER-trans fat
__________ is biologically important hydrophobic molecule. - ANSWER-lipid
___________ have a different number of neutrons as compared to other isotopes -
ANSWER-Radioactive isotopes
___________ is a lipid obtained in the diet and produced by the liver. - ANSWER-
Cholesterol
,____________ are formed by joining monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis. -
ANSWER-Polysaccharides
_____________ are formed by chemically bonding smaller subunits called monomers
together. - ANSWER-Polymers
A ________ consists of similar cells that carry out a particular function. - ANSWER-
Tissue
A __________ is a chain of amino acids - ANSWER-Polypeptide
A ____________ is something added to water that removes H+ionsfrom a solution or
releases OH-. - ANSWER-base
A nucleotide is made of which chemical components? - ANSWER-nitrogen-containing
base
phosphate group
sugar
A scientist tries to build a eukaryotic cell in her laboratory. She remembers to include
most of the organelles, but forgets one. Among other abnormalities, her newly created
cell cannot synthesize the enzymes needed to detoxify drugs and poisons. Which
organelle is missing? - ANSWER-The Smooth ER
A small cell has a large _______ to increase its efficiency - ANSWER-Surface to Area
to Volume Ratio
A(n) ___________ results when two atoms share __________ in order to have a
completed outer shell. - ANSWER-covalent bond
electrons
All proteins have which 3 protein structures - ANSWER-Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Amino acids are linked by _______ _______ (a covalent bond formed during
dehydration synthesis. - ANSWER-Peptide Bonds
An ________ is something added to water that release/increaseH+ions in the solution
so there are more H+than OH-. - ANSWER-acid
An example of a protein that transport oxygen in red blood cells is ______. - ANSWER-
hemoglobin
An ionic bond is a type of bond that joins ________. - ANSWER-atoms
, Atomic Number is the number of ___________ an atom has. - ANSWER-Protons
Atoms of the same element with varying numbers of neutrons, some of which produce
radiation that may be useful medically, are called _________. - ANSWER-isotopes
Atoms with more than one shell are most stable when the _________ shell contains 8
electrons. - ANSWER-outer
Based on the theory of endosymbiosis, two organelles that are believed to be the
remnants of unicellular bacteria are? - ANSWER-Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Because it is a polar compound, individual water molecules are attracted to one another
by ___________ bonds, which form because of the attraction between the positive
hydrogen atoms and the negative oxygen atoms. - ANSWER-hydrogen
Because of the high number of hydrogen bonds, water exhibits ___________, meaning
the molecules cling together. Under ordinary conditions of temperature and pressure,
water exists as a __________. - ANSWER-cohesion
liquid
Carbohydrate types of molecules are typically used for immediate energy or, in the case
of RNA and DNA, for storage of ______. - ANSWER-genetic information
Chemically speaking what are all living things made of? - ANSWER-Matter
Chemicals or a combination of chemicals that keeps pH levels within normal limits are
called ________. - ANSWER-buffers
Does a Eurkaryotic cell have a membrane bound organelle? - ANSWER-Yes
Does a Prokaryotic cell have a membrane bound organelle? - ANSWER-No
Does acidity cause an increase in H+ or OH-? - ANSWER-H+
Domain __________ includes both unicellular and multicellular organisms - ANSWER-
Eukarya
During an ionic reaction, atoms give up or receive __________ to ensure a stable outer
shell. - ANSWER-electrons
Elephants are larger than us as humans because they are made of ____________? -
ANSWER-A greater number of cells
Fatty acids can be _______, meaning they contain double bonds. - ANSWER-
unsaturated
