Official (ISC)² SSCP
Access Control Object - correct answer ✔✔A passive entity that typically receives or contains some form
of data.
Access Control Subject - correct answer ✔✔An active entity and can be any user, program, or process
that requests permission to cause data to flow from an access control object to the access control
subject or between access control objects.
Asynchronous Password Token - correct answer ✔✔A one-time password is generated without the use
of a clock, either from a one-time pad or cryptographic algorithm.
Authorization - correct answer ✔✔Determines whether a user is permitted to access a particular
resource.
Connected Tokens - correct answer ✔✔Must be physically connected to the computer to which the user
is authenticating.
Contactless Tokens - correct answer ✔✔Form a logical connection to the client computer but do not
require a physical connection.
Disconnected Tokens - correct answer ✔✔Have neither a physical nor logical connection to the client
computer.
Entitlement - correct answer ✔✔A set of rules, defined by the resource owner, for managing access to a
resource (asset, service, or entity) and for what purpose.
Identity Management - correct answer ✔✔The task of controlling information about users on
computers.
,Proof of Identity - correct answer ✔✔Verify people's identities before the enterprise issues them
accounts and credentials.
Kerberos - correct answer ✔✔A popular network authentication protocol for indirect (third-party)
authentication services.
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) - correct answer ✔✔A client/server-based directory query
protocol loosely based on X.500, commonly used to manage user information. LDAP is a front end and
not used to manage or synchronize data per se as opposed to DNS.
Single Sign-On (SSO) - correct answer ✔✔Designed to provide strong authentication using secret-key
cryptography, allowing a single identity to be shared across multiple applications.
Static Password Token - correct answer ✔✔The device contains a password that is physically hidden (not
visible to the possessor) but that is transmitted for each authentication.
Synchronous Dynamic Password Token - correct answer ✔✔A timer is used to rotate through various
combinations produced by a cryptographic algorithm.
Trust Path - correct answer ✔✔A series of trust relationships that authentication requests must follow
between domains
6to4 - correct answer ✔✔Transition mechanism for migrating from IPv4 to IPv6. It allows systems to use
IPv6 to communicate if their traffic has to transverse an IPv4 network.
Absolute addresses - correct answer ✔✔Hardware addresses used by the CPU.
Abstraction - correct answer ✔✔The capability to suppress unnecessary details so the important,
inherent properties can be examined and reviewed.
Accepted ways for handling risk - correct answer ✔✔Accept, transfer, mitigate, avoid.
,Access - correct answer ✔✔The flow of information between a subject and an object.
Access control matrix - correct answer ✔✔A table of subjects and objects indicating what actions
individual subjects can take upon individual objects.
Access control model - correct answer ✔✔An access control model is a framework that dictates how
subjects access objects.
Access controls - correct answer ✔✔Are security features that control how users and systems
communicate and interact with other systems and resources.
Accreditation - correct answer ✔✔Formal acceptance of the adequacy of a system's overall security by
management.
Active attack - correct answer ✔✔Attack where the attacker does interact with processing or
communication activities.
ActiveX - correct answer ✔✔A Microsoft technology composed of a set of OOP technologies and tools
based on COM and DCOM. It is a framework for defining reusable software components in a
programming language-independent manner
Address bus - correct answer ✔✔Physical connections between processing components and memory
segments used to communicate the physical memory addresses being used during processing
procedures.
Address resolution protocol (ARP) - correct answer ✔✔A networking protocol used for resolution of
network layer IP addresses into link layer MAC addresses.
Address space layout randomization (ASLR) - correct answer ✔✔Memory protection mechanism used by
some operating systems. The addresses used by components of a process are randomized so that it is
harder for an attacker to exploit specific memory vulnerabilities.
, Algebraic attack - correct answer ✔✔Cryptanalysis attack that exploits vulnerabilities within the intrinsic
algebraic structure of mathematical functions.
Algorithm - correct answer ✔✔Set of mathematical and logic rules used in cryptographic functions.
Analog signals - correct answer ✔✔Continuously varying electromagnetic wave that represents and
transmits data.
Analytic attack - correct answer ✔✔Cryptanalysis attack that exploits vulnerabilities within the algorithm
structure.
Annualized loss expectancy (ALE) - correct answer ✔✔Annual expected loss if a specific vulnerability is
exploited and how it affects a single asset. SLE × ARO = ALE.
Application programming interface (API) - correct answer ✔✔Software interface that enables process-to-
process interaction. Common way to provide access to standard routines to a set of software programs.
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) - correct answer ✔✔A component of the computer's processing unit, in
which arithmetic and matching operations are performed.
AS/NZS 4360 - correct answer ✔✔Australia and New Zealand business risk management assessment
approach.
Assemblers - correct answer ✔✔Tools that convert assembly code into the necessary machine-
compatible binary language for processing activities to take place.
Assembly language - correct answer ✔✔A low-level programming language that is the mnemonic
representation of machine-level instructions.
Assurance evaluation criteria - correct answer ✔✔Check-list and process of examining the security-
relevant parts of a system (TCB, reference monitor, security kernel) and assigning the system an
assurance rating.
Access Control Object - correct answer ✔✔A passive entity that typically receives or contains some form
of data.
Access Control Subject - correct answer ✔✔An active entity and can be any user, program, or process
that requests permission to cause data to flow from an access control object to the access control
subject or between access control objects.
Asynchronous Password Token - correct answer ✔✔A one-time password is generated without the use
of a clock, either from a one-time pad or cryptographic algorithm.
Authorization - correct answer ✔✔Determines whether a user is permitted to access a particular
resource.
Connected Tokens - correct answer ✔✔Must be physically connected to the computer to which the user
is authenticating.
Contactless Tokens - correct answer ✔✔Form a logical connection to the client computer but do not
require a physical connection.
Disconnected Tokens - correct answer ✔✔Have neither a physical nor logical connection to the client
computer.
Entitlement - correct answer ✔✔A set of rules, defined by the resource owner, for managing access to a
resource (asset, service, or entity) and for what purpose.
Identity Management - correct answer ✔✔The task of controlling information about users on
computers.
,Proof of Identity - correct answer ✔✔Verify people's identities before the enterprise issues them
accounts and credentials.
Kerberos - correct answer ✔✔A popular network authentication protocol for indirect (third-party)
authentication services.
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) - correct answer ✔✔A client/server-based directory query
protocol loosely based on X.500, commonly used to manage user information. LDAP is a front end and
not used to manage or synchronize data per se as opposed to DNS.
Single Sign-On (SSO) - correct answer ✔✔Designed to provide strong authentication using secret-key
cryptography, allowing a single identity to be shared across multiple applications.
Static Password Token - correct answer ✔✔The device contains a password that is physically hidden (not
visible to the possessor) but that is transmitted for each authentication.
Synchronous Dynamic Password Token - correct answer ✔✔A timer is used to rotate through various
combinations produced by a cryptographic algorithm.
Trust Path - correct answer ✔✔A series of trust relationships that authentication requests must follow
between domains
6to4 - correct answer ✔✔Transition mechanism for migrating from IPv4 to IPv6. It allows systems to use
IPv6 to communicate if their traffic has to transverse an IPv4 network.
Absolute addresses - correct answer ✔✔Hardware addresses used by the CPU.
Abstraction - correct answer ✔✔The capability to suppress unnecessary details so the important,
inherent properties can be examined and reviewed.
Accepted ways for handling risk - correct answer ✔✔Accept, transfer, mitigate, avoid.
,Access - correct answer ✔✔The flow of information between a subject and an object.
Access control matrix - correct answer ✔✔A table of subjects and objects indicating what actions
individual subjects can take upon individual objects.
Access control model - correct answer ✔✔An access control model is a framework that dictates how
subjects access objects.
Access controls - correct answer ✔✔Are security features that control how users and systems
communicate and interact with other systems and resources.
Accreditation - correct answer ✔✔Formal acceptance of the adequacy of a system's overall security by
management.
Active attack - correct answer ✔✔Attack where the attacker does interact with processing or
communication activities.
ActiveX - correct answer ✔✔A Microsoft technology composed of a set of OOP technologies and tools
based on COM and DCOM. It is a framework for defining reusable software components in a
programming language-independent manner
Address bus - correct answer ✔✔Physical connections between processing components and memory
segments used to communicate the physical memory addresses being used during processing
procedures.
Address resolution protocol (ARP) - correct answer ✔✔A networking protocol used for resolution of
network layer IP addresses into link layer MAC addresses.
Address space layout randomization (ASLR) - correct answer ✔✔Memory protection mechanism used by
some operating systems. The addresses used by components of a process are randomized so that it is
harder for an attacker to exploit specific memory vulnerabilities.
, Algebraic attack - correct answer ✔✔Cryptanalysis attack that exploits vulnerabilities within the intrinsic
algebraic structure of mathematical functions.
Algorithm - correct answer ✔✔Set of mathematical and logic rules used in cryptographic functions.
Analog signals - correct answer ✔✔Continuously varying electromagnetic wave that represents and
transmits data.
Analytic attack - correct answer ✔✔Cryptanalysis attack that exploits vulnerabilities within the algorithm
structure.
Annualized loss expectancy (ALE) - correct answer ✔✔Annual expected loss if a specific vulnerability is
exploited and how it affects a single asset. SLE × ARO = ALE.
Application programming interface (API) - correct answer ✔✔Software interface that enables process-to-
process interaction. Common way to provide access to standard routines to a set of software programs.
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) - correct answer ✔✔A component of the computer's processing unit, in
which arithmetic and matching operations are performed.
AS/NZS 4360 - correct answer ✔✔Australia and New Zealand business risk management assessment
approach.
Assemblers - correct answer ✔✔Tools that convert assembly code into the necessary machine-
compatible binary language for processing activities to take place.
Assembly language - correct answer ✔✔A low-level programming language that is the mnemonic
representation of machine-level instructions.
Assurance evaluation criteria - correct answer ✔✔Check-list and process of examining the security-
relevant parts of a system (TCB, reference monitor, security kernel) and assigning the system an
assurance rating.
