Anatomy and Physiology OpenStax
1. anatomy: study of body structure
2. gross anatomy: study of structures easily seen by naked eye
3. regional anatomy: how structures work together in specific region of body
4. systemic anatomy: how structures work together in specific body system
5. physiology: chemistry/ physics of the body; how the structures of the body
work together
6. homeostasis: maintenance of body's internal balance
7. How was anatomy studied in the past?: Evaluating injuries and cadavers.
8. What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?: Anatomy is the
study of the body's structures and physiology is the study of how those
structures work together.
9. What is the relationship between anatomy and physiology?: Both areas of
study need the other to be fully understood; they depend on one another
10. What is form and function? How are they related?: Form is the
composition of a body structure. Function is how that structure operates. They
are related because composition determines how a structure will function.
11. What are the six levels of organization in the body?: Chemical Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
12. cell: smallest unit of living things
13. tissue: similar cells that work together
14. organelle: tiny structure that carries out functions in a cell; mini organs for the
cell
15. organ: structure that has 2+ tissue types
16. organ system: 2+ organs that work together to maintain bodily functions
17. organism: being that can live independently and has cell structure
18. What does the integumentary system do?: covers internal body structures
senses input from environment
19. What does the skeletal system do?: supports the body helps us move
20. What does the muscular system do?: helps maintain body temperature
helps us move
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, 21. What does the nervous system do?: controls body's responses processes
and detects sensory information
22. What does the endocrine system do?: secretes hormones regulates body's
processes
23 What does the cardiovascular system do?: distributes nutrients and oxygen
to cells throughout body maintains body temperature
24. What does the lymphatic system do?: returns fluid back to blood
defends against pathogens
25. What does the respiratory system do?: gets rid of CO2 gives oxygen to
blood
26. What does the digestive system do?: turns food into usable energy for
cells gets rid of waste (parts of food that body cannot use)
27. What does the reproductive system do?: produces sex hormones and
cells (f) supports the embryo/ fetus until birth
(f) provides milk to infant(s)
28. What makes up the integumentary system?: skin, hair, nails
29. What makes up the skeletal system?: bones, joints, cartilage
30. What makes up the muscular system?: skeletal muscles and tendons
31. What makes up the nervous system?: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
32. What makes up the endocrine system?: pituitary gland, thyroid,
pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, ovaries
33. What makes up the cardiovascular system?: heart and blood vessels
34. What makes up the lymphatic system?: thymus, lymph nodes, spleen,
lymphatic vessels
35. What makes up the respiratory system?: nasal passages, trachea, lungs
36. What makes up the digestive system?: stomach, liver, gallbladder, large
intestine, small intestine
37. What makes up the reproductive system?: epididymis, testes, mammary
glands, ovaries, uterus
38. What is metabolism?: the sum of all chemical reactions in a body
39. What is anabolism?: the building up of molecules
40. What is catabolism?: the breaking down of molecules
41. What is ATP?: compound used to store and release energy
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1. anatomy: study of body structure
2. gross anatomy: study of structures easily seen by naked eye
3. regional anatomy: how structures work together in specific region of body
4. systemic anatomy: how structures work together in specific body system
5. physiology: chemistry/ physics of the body; how the structures of the body
work together
6. homeostasis: maintenance of body's internal balance
7. How was anatomy studied in the past?: Evaluating injuries and cadavers.
8. What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?: Anatomy is the
study of the body's structures and physiology is the study of how those
structures work together.
9. What is the relationship between anatomy and physiology?: Both areas of
study need the other to be fully understood; they depend on one another
10. What is form and function? How are they related?: Form is the
composition of a body structure. Function is how that structure operates. They
are related because composition determines how a structure will function.
11. What are the six levels of organization in the body?: Chemical Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
12. cell: smallest unit of living things
13. tissue: similar cells that work together
14. organelle: tiny structure that carries out functions in a cell; mini organs for the
cell
15. organ: structure that has 2+ tissue types
16. organ system: 2+ organs that work together to maintain bodily functions
17. organism: being that can live independently and has cell structure
18. What does the integumentary system do?: covers internal body structures
senses input from environment
19. What does the skeletal system do?: supports the body helps us move
20. What does the muscular system do?: helps maintain body temperature
helps us move
1/8
, 21. What does the nervous system do?: controls body's responses processes
and detects sensory information
22. What does the endocrine system do?: secretes hormones regulates body's
processes
23 What does the cardiovascular system do?: distributes nutrients and oxygen
to cells throughout body maintains body temperature
24. What does the lymphatic system do?: returns fluid back to blood
defends against pathogens
25. What does the respiratory system do?: gets rid of CO2 gives oxygen to
blood
26. What does the digestive system do?: turns food into usable energy for
cells gets rid of waste (parts of food that body cannot use)
27. What does the reproductive system do?: produces sex hormones and
cells (f) supports the embryo/ fetus until birth
(f) provides milk to infant(s)
28. What makes up the integumentary system?: skin, hair, nails
29. What makes up the skeletal system?: bones, joints, cartilage
30. What makes up the muscular system?: skeletal muscles and tendons
31. What makes up the nervous system?: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
32. What makes up the endocrine system?: pituitary gland, thyroid,
pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, ovaries
33. What makes up the cardiovascular system?: heart and blood vessels
34. What makes up the lymphatic system?: thymus, lymph nodes, spleen,
lymphatic vessels
35. What makes up the respiratory system?: nasal passages, trachea, lungs
36. What makes up the digestive system?: stomach, liver, gallbladder, large
intestine, small intestine
37. What makes up the reproductive system?: epididymis, testes, mammary
glands, ovaries, uterus
38. What is metabolism?: the sum of all chemical reactions in a body
39. What is anabolism?: the building up of molecules
40. What is catabolism?: the breaking down of molecules
41. What is ATP?: compound used to store and release energy
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