BLG1502 Questions and Answers Adequately
Answered and Graded Top Tier
. Chytrids are unique among fungi in having flagellated spores, called - CORRECT ANSWER
✔✔ -zoospores.
• discuss the ecological importance of fungi - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Fungi play vital roles
in the biosphere. They are essential to the recycling of nutrients in all terrestrial habitats because
they are the dominant decomposers of the complex components of plant debris, such as cellulose
and lignin.
About 40% of ascomycete species live with green algae or cyanobacteria in mutualistic
associations called - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -lichens
Asexual reproduction of symbiotic units occurs either by fragmentation of the parental lichen or
by the formation of structures called - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -soredia, small clusters of
hyphae with embedded algae
describe the life cycle of the Basidiomycota, clearly indicating plasmogamy, karyogamy and
meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Sexual reproduction in Basidiomycota takes place in the
fruiting body, in specialized structures called basidia. The basidia is itself formed by
plasmogamy between mycelia from two different spores. Plasmogamy results in binucleate
hyphae, that is, hyphae with two types of nuclei, one from each parent.
In the basidiomycetes, nuclear condition alternates between haploid forms and dikaryotic forms
generated by mating proccesses. Karyogamy takes place in the basidium, generating the diploid
stage of the cell cycle.
, The basidiomycota includes shelf fungus, toadstools, and smuts and rusts. Unlike most fungi,
basidiomycota reproduce sexually as opposed to asexually. Two different mating strains are
required for the fusion of genetic material in the basidium which is followed by meiosis
producing haploid basidiospores.
describe the life cycle of the Zygomycota, clearly indicating plasmogamy, karyogamy and
meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Plasmogamy takes place between the gametangia of two
hyphae of opposite mating types. Karyogamy also takes place there. Spore formation takes place
after germination of the zygospore in the sporangium. Problem : How does the diploid phase of
Zygomycota differ from that of other fungi?
Zygomycetes have asexual and sexual phases in their life cycles. In the asexual phase, spores are
produced from haploid sporangia by mitosis (not shown). In the sexual phase, plus and minus
haploid mating types conjugate to form a heterokaryotic zygosporangium. Karyogamy then
produces a diploid zygote
When the zygospore germinates, it undergoes meiosis and produces haploid spores, which will,
in turn, grow into a new organism. This form of sexual reproduction in fungi is called
conjugation (although it differs markedly from conjugation in bacteria and protists), giving rise
to the name "conjugated fungi"
explain the life cycle of fungi - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -In the life cycle of a sexually
reproducing fungus, a haploid phase alternates with a diploid phase. The haploid phase ends with
nuclear fusion, and the diploid phase begins with the formation of the zygote (the diploid cell
resulting from fusion of two haploid sex cells).
Answered and Graded Top Tier
. Chytrids are unique among fungi in having flagellated spores, called - CORRECT ANSWER
✔✔ -zoospores.
• discuss the ecological importance of fungi - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Fungi play vital roles
in the biosphere. They are essential to the recycling of nutrients in all terrestrial habitats because
they are the dominant decomposers of the complex components of plant debris, such as cellulose
and lignin.
About 40% of ascomycete species live with green algae or cyanobacteria in mutualistic
associations called - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -lichens
Asexual reproduction of symbiotic units occurs either by fragmentation of the parental lichen or
by the formation of structures called - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -soredia, small clusters of
hyphae with embedded algae
describe the life cycle of the Basidiomycota, clearly indicating plasmogamy, karyogamy and
meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Sexual reproduction in Basidiomycota takes place in the
fruiting body, in specialized structures called basidia. The basidia is itself formed by
plasmogamy between mycelia from two different spores. Plasmogamy results in binucleate
hyphae, that is, hyphae with two types of nuclei, one from each parent.
In the basidiomycetes, nuclear condition alternates between haploid forms and dikaryotic forms
generated by mating proccesses. Karyogamy takes place in the basidium, generating the diploid
stage of the cell cycle.
, The basidiomycota includes shelf fungus, toadstools, and smuts and rusts. Unlike most fungi,
basidiomycota reproduce sexually as opposed to asexually. Two different mating strains are
required for the fusion of genetic material in the basidium which is followed by meiosis
producing haploid basidiospores.
describe the life cycle of the Zygomycota, clearly indicating plasmogamy, karyogamy and
meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -Plasmogamy takes place between the gametangia of two
hyphae of opposite mating types. Karyogamy also takes place there. Spore formation takes place
after germination of the zygospore in the sporangium. Problem : How does the diploid phase of
Zygomycota differ from that of other fungi?
Zygomycetes have asexual and sexual phases in their life cycles. In the asexual phase, spores are
produced from haploid sporangia by mitosis (not shown). In the sexual phase, plus and minus
haploid mating types conjugate to form a heterokaryotic zygosporangium. Karyogamy then
produces a diploid zygote
When the zygospore germinates, it undergoes meiosis and produces haploid spores, which will,
in turn, grow into a new organism. This form of sexual reproduction in fungi is called
conjugation (although it differs markedly from conjugation in bacteria and protists), giving rise
to the name "conjugated fungi"
explain the life cycle of fungi - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ -In the life cycle of a sexually
reproducing fungus, a haploid phase alternates with a diploid phase. The haploid phase ends with
nuclear fusion, and the diploid phase begins with the formation of the zygote (the diploid cell
resulting from fusion of two haploid sex cells).
