BISC 261 Chapter 11 Test with
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
What is the LacZ enzyme? - Answer breaks down the disaccharide sugar D-lactose to
What pathways combat antibiotic resistance? - Answer (p)ppGpp & c-di-GMP
Quorum sensing - Answer * How bacterial cells communicate with each other
* Coordinate their activity (Ex: creating pathogenic pathways)
* 2 component signal transduction phenomenon & helps bacteria decide how to behave
* Ex: Vibrio harveyi can either produce bioluminescence in marine fish and
invertebrates, or it can be a serious pathogen. Quorum sensing helps the cell
decide what to do in an organism
Chemotaxis - Answer * Bacteria run toward nutrients & tumble away from toxins
* Memory learning system: if it realizes it likes something, it activate pathways to
turn on the motor to move toward it
, Archaeal transcriptional & global regulation - Answer Archaea uses bacterial-like
transcription factors and two-component signal transduction pathways to control gene
expression. Remember, these transcription factors also have helix-turn-helix motifs!
Histonene biosynthesis - Answer * anabolic pathway
- Always on by default unless you add the thing that would normally be synthesized
in the medium (ex: A.A.)
Lactate - Answer organic acid form of lactose
Catabolic pathways - Answer * Degradation of lactate &/or arabinose
- Typically off by default & only turned on when the thing they can grow on is in the cell
Housekeeping genes - Answer are constitutive. They perform core cellular functions and
so are always expressed in cells no matter the conditions
Inducible genes - Answer are genes that code for enzymes that are induced, either by
the binding of an inducer around a promoter or by the dissociation of an inducer
from the promoter region.
- Off by default
- Catabolic pathways are usually inducible - you don't express enzymes to use
specific sugars as electron donors unless those sugars are present!!
Includes electron donors & acceptors
Repressible genes - Answer * are genes whose expression is shut down (repressed)
by the production of a product in the metabolic pathway they are expressed in.
- Anabolic (biosynthetic) pathways are usually repressible. Why express a
tryptophan biosynthesis pathway is tryptophan is already available?
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
What is the LacZ enzyme? - Answer breaks down the disaccharide sugar D-lactose to
What pathways combat antibiotic resistance? - Answer (p)ppGpp & c-di-GMP
Quorum sensing - Answer * How bacterial cells communicate with each other
* Coordinate their activity (Ex: creating pathogenic pathways)
* 2 component signal transduction phenomenon & helps bacteria decide how to behave
* Ex: Vibrio harveyi can either produce bioluminescence in marine fish and
invertebrates, or it can be a serious pathogen. Quorum sensing helps the cell
decide what to do in an organism
Chemotaxis - Answer * Bacteria run toward nutrients & tumble away from toxins
* Memory learning system: if it realizes it likes something, it activate pathways to
turn on the motor to move toward it
, Archaeal transcriptional & global regulation - Answer Archaea uses bacterial-like
transcription factors and two-component signal transduction pathways to control gene
expression. Remember, these transcription factors also have helix-turn-helix motifs!
Histonene biosynthesis - Answer * anabolic pathway
- Always on by default unless you add the thing that would normally be synthesized
in the medium (ex: A.A.)
Lactate - Answer organic acid form of lactose
Catabolic pathways - Answer * Degradation of lactate &/or arabinose
- Typically off by default & only turned on when the thing they can grow on is in the cell
Housekeeping genes - Answer are constitutive. They perform core cellular functions and
so are always expressed in cells no matter the conditions
Inducible genes - Answer are genes that code for enzymes that are induced, either by
the binding of an inducer around a promoter or by the dissociation of an inducer
from the promoter region.
- Off by default
- Catabolic pathways are usually inducible - you don't express enzymes to use
specific sugars as electron donors unless those sugars are present!!
Includes electron donors & acceptors
Repressible genes - Answer * are genes whose expression is shut down (repressed)
by the production of a product in the metabolic pathway they are expressed in.
- Anabolic (biosynthetic) pathways are usually repressible. Why express a
tryptophan biosynthesis pathway is tryptophan is already available?
