BIOS 390 Exam 2-Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Unicellular Fungi structures and reproduction Correct Ans-Budding yeast - "true yeast" are
classified in the order Saccharomycetales, within the phylum Ascomycota. A small bud (also
known as a bleb or daughter cell) is formed on the parent cell. The nucleus of the parent cell
splits into a daughter nucleus and migrates to the daughter cell. The bud continues to grow
until it separates from the parent cell, forming a new cell. (The daughter cell produced during
the budding process is generally smaller than the mother cell.
Fission yeast - instead of budding, these yeast reproduce by fission, which results in the
creation of two identically sized daughter cells.
Multicellular fungi life cycle and reproduction Correct Ans-1.) Fragmentation of hyphae
2.) Sexual and asexual spore formation (teleomorphs do both, anamorphs only do asexual)
Asexual spore types in fungi Correct Ans-Conidiospore: (conidium) 1 or more spores not
enclosed in a sac.
Conidia: spores in chain at end of reproductive structure.
Arthroconidia: fragmented septate hypha.
, BIOS 390 Exam 2-Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Blastoconidia: buds from a parent cell.
Chlamydoconidia: rounded, enlarged segment within a hypha.
Sporangiospore: sac of spores formed at the end of a hyphae.
Sexual reproduction in fungi Correct Ans-Plasmogamy: haploid nucleus of donor enters
recipient cell.
Karyogamy: the two nuclei fuse to form diploid zygote.
Meiosis: new nucleus gives rise to new haploid sexual spores.
Zygomycetes Correct Ans-Asexual reproduction
1.) Aerial hypha produces a sporangium.
2.) Sporangium bursts to release spores.
3.) Spore germinates to produce hyphae.
, BIOS 390 Exam 2-Questions and Answers 100% Solved
4.) Vegetative mycellum grows.
Sexual reproduction
5.) Gamete forms at tip of hypha.
6.) Plasmogamy.
7.) Zygospore forms.
8.) Karyogamy and meiosis.
9.) Zygote produces a sporangium.
10.) Spores are released from sporangium.
11.) Spore germinates to produce hyphae.
Most of the time, asexual reproduction occurs.
Viral host range Correct Ans-Types of cells within a host species which can be infected by
the virus
Determined by attachment (susceptible) and cellular components necessary for viral
replication processes (permissive).
Bacteriophage multiplication: Correct Ans-1.) Attachment - phage attaches to host cell.
, BIOS 390 Exam 2-Questions and Answers 100% Solved
2.) Penetration - phage penetrates host cell and injects its DNA.
3.) Biosynthesis - phage DNA directs synthesis of viral components by the host cell.
4.) Maturation - viral components are assembled into virions
5.) Release - host cell lyses and new virions are released.
Animal viruses Correct Ans-Variations on the same 5 basic viral multiplication steps based
on:
Genetic material
Surface structures
Enzymes of virus and/or host cell
DNA animal virus Correct Ans-1.) Virion attaches to host cell.
2.) Virion enters cell, and its DNA is uncoated
3.) A portion of viral DNA is transcribed, producing mRNA that encodes "early" viral proteins.
4.) Viral DNA is replicated, and some viral proteins are made.
5.) Late translation; capsid proteins are synthesized.
6.) Virions mature.
7.) Virions released.
Unicellular Fungi structures and reproduction Correct Ans-Budding yeast - "true yeast" are
classified in the order Saccharomycetales, within the phylum Ascomycota. A small bud (also
known as a bleb or daughter cell) is formed on the parent cell. The nucleus of the parent cell
splits into a daughter nucleus and migrates to the daughter cell. The bud continues to grow
until it separates from the parent cell, forming a new cell. (The daughter cell produced during
the budding process is generally smaller than the mother cell.
Fission yeast - instead of budding, these yeast reproduce by fission, which results in the
creation of two identically sized daughter cells.
Multicellular fungi life cycle and reproduction Correct Ans-1.) Fragmentation of hyphae
2.) Sexual and asexual spore formation (teleomorphs do both, anamorphs only do asexual)
Asexual spore types in fungi Correct Ans-Conidiospore: (conidium) 1 or more spores not
enclosed in a sac.
Conidia: spores in chain at end of reproductive structure.
Arthroconidia: fragmented septate hypha.
, BIOS 390 Exam 2-Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Blastoconidia: buds from a parent cell.
Chlamydoconidia: rounded, enlarged segment within a hypha.
Sporangiospore: sac of spores formed at the end of a hyphae.
Sexual reproduction in fungi Correct Ans-Plasmogamy: haploid nucleus of donor enters
recipient cell.
Karyogamy: the two nuclei fuse to form diploid zygote.
Meiosis: new nucleus gives rise to new haploid sexual spores.
Zygomycetes Correct Ans-Asexual reproduction
1.) Aerial hypha produces a sporangium.
2.) Sporangium bursts to release spores.
3.) Spore germinates to produce hyphae.
, BIOS 390 Exam 2-Questions and Answers 100% Solved
4.) Vegetative mycellum grows.
Sexual reproduction
5.) Gamete forms at tip of hypha.
6.) Plasmogamy.
7.) Zygospore forms.
8.) Karyogamy and meiosis.
9.) Zygote produces a sporangium.
10.) Spores are released from sporangium.
11.) Spore germinates to produce hyphae.
Most of the time, asexual reproduction occurs.
Viral host range Correct Ans-Types of cells within a host species which can be infected by
the virus
Determined by attachment (susceptible) and cellular components necessary for viral
replication processes (permissive).
Bacteriophage multiplication: Correct Ans-1.) Attachment - phage attaches to host cell.
, BIOS 390 Exam 2-Questions and Answers 100% Solved
2.) Penetration - phage penetrates host cell and injects its DNA.
3.) Biosynthesis - phage DNA directs synthesis of viral components by the host cell.
4.) Maturation - viral components are assembled into virions
5.) Release - host cell lyses and new virions are released.
Animal viruses Correct Ans-Variations on the same 5 basic viral multiplication steps based
on:
Genetic material
Surface structures
Enzymes of virus and/or host cell
DNA animal virus Correct Ans-1.) Virion attaches to host cell.
2.) Virion enters cell, and its DNA is uncoated
3.) A portion of viral DNA is transcribed, producing mRNA that encodes "early" viral proteins.
4.) Viral DNA is replicated, and some viral proteins are made.
5.) Late translation; capsid proteins are synthesized.
6.) Virions mature.
7.) Virions released.
