Med Surg CH 31-32; Med Surg Exam 2: Musculoskeletal
Questions and Answers
1. What actions can be taken to prevent osteoporosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Exercise throughout life
What is goniometry? - CORRECT ANSWER-The measurement of the range of motion in a joint
3. What are the benefits of positioning and ROM exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-Preventing contractures
4. How long does it take before contractures form? - CORRECT ANSWER-? Within 3-7 days after
immobilization of a body part, and the process is usually complete in 6-8 weeks
5. What happens to muscles that are not stretched and contracted? - CORRECT ANSWER-Contracture or
atrophy
6. How does a person develop foot drop? - CORRECT ANSWER-Improper support of the feet while
patient is confined to bed (calf muscles shortened while the opposing flexor muscles are stretched)
7. When do you perform ROM exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-3-4 times a day
8. Who should not receive isometric exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-Patients with hypertension,
increased intracranial pressure, or congestive heart failure
9. Your patient had an arthrogram, what interventions can you implement? - CORRECT ANSWER-Apply
ice packs to the knee
10. How will you know a patient understands how to use the four point crutch gait? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Advance with the opposite foot of the crutch; it has the most stable gait
11. How will you know the correct cane has been selected? - CORRECT ANSWER-If the hand grip is at hip
level and the elbow is bent at a 30 degree angle when weight is placed on the cane
, 12. How will you teach a patient on quadriceps and gluteal muscle exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-While
lying down, straightening the leg and tensing leg muscles while raising heel
13. What's the difference between a tendon and a ligament? - CORRECT ANSWER-A tendon attaches
muscle to bone, and a ligament attaches bone to bone in a synovial joint ; tendon=strain, ligament
=sprain
14. What renews bone? - CORRECT ANSWER-Osteoblasts
15. How will you know a patient needs more teaching about a CPM machine? - CORRECT ANSWER-"I can
make my knee stronger if I reset this thing to go faster and flex my knee more"
16. What teachings should you give to prepare a patient for electromyography (EMG)? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Refrain from caffeine drinks for 3 hours before the test
17. What increases an older patient's risk for falls? - CORRECT ANSWER-A decrease in bone mass
18. What's important when repositioning a person with flaccid paralysis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Change
joint position
19. How would you know a patient needs further discharge instruction about an arthrocentesis? -
CORRECT ANSWER-" I will need to avoid moving my knee for 1-2 weeks"
20. How would you know a patient needs further instruction on the use of crutches? - CORRECT
ANSWER-The patient places the affected leg on the step to be climbed first
21. How will you know the patient's crutches are the right size? - CORRECT ANSWER-They are
approximately 16 inches shorter than the patient's height
22. What is the most appropriate meal for a person who wants to increase their calcium intake? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Grilled salmon, green beans and milk
Questions and Answers
1. What actions can be taken to prevent osteoporosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Exercise throughout life
What is goniometry? - CORRECT ANSWER-The measurement of the range of motion in a joint
3. What are the benefits of positioning and ROM exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-Preventing contractures
4. How long does it take before contractures form? - CORRECT ANSWER-? Within 3-7 days after
immobilization of a body part, and the process is usually complete in 6-8 weeks
5. What happens to muscles that are not stretched and contracted? - CORRECT ANSWER-Contracture or
atrophy
6. How does a person develop foot drop? - CORRECT ANSWER-Improper support of the feet while
patient is confined to bed (calf muscles shortened while the opposing flexor muscles are stretched)
7. When do you perform ROM exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-3-4 times a day
8. Who should not receive isometric exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-Patients with hypertension,
increased intracranial pressure, or congestive heart failure
9. Your patient had an arthrogram, what interventions can you implement? - CORRECT ANSWER-Apply
ice packs to the knee
10. How will you know a patient understands how to use the four point crutch gait? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Advance with the opposite foot of the crutch; it has the most stable gait
11. How will you know the correct cane has been selected? - CORRECT ANSWER-If the hand grip is at hip
level and the elbow is bent at a 30 degree angle when weight is placed on the cane
, 12. How will you teach a patient on quadriceps and gluteal muscle exercises? - CORRECT ANSWER-While
lying down, straightening the leg and tensing leg muscles while raising heel
13. What's the difference between a tendon and a ligament? - CORRECT ANSWER-A tendon attaches
muscle to bone, and a ligament attaches bone to bone in a synovial joint ; tendon=strain, ligament
=sprain
14. What renews bone? - CORRECT ANSWER-Osteoblasts
15. How will you know a patient needs more teaching about a CPM machine? - CORRECT ANSWER-"I can
make my knee stronger if I reset this thing to go faster and flex my knee more"
16. What teachings should you give to prepare a patient for electromyography (EMG)? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Refrain from caffeine drinks for 3 hours before the test
17. What increases an older patient's risk for falls? - CORRECT ANSWER-A decrease in bone mass
18. What's important when repositioning a person with flaccid paralysis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Change
joint position
19. How would you know a patient needs further discharge instruction about an arthrocentesis? -
CORRECT ANSWER-" I will need to avoid moving my knee for 1-2 weeks"
20. How would you know a patient needs further instruction on the use of crutches? - CORRECT
ANSWER-The patient places the affected leg on the step to be climbed first
21. How will you know the patient's crutches are the right size? - CORRECT ANSWER-They are
approximately 16 inches shorter than the patient's height
22. What is the most appropriate meal for a person who wants to increase their calcium intake? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Grilled salmon, green beans and milk
