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Nester Microbiology Chapter 8 Exam Study
Guide.
Genotype - answer✔the sequence of nucleotide is an organisms DNA
Mutation - answer✔a change in the nucleotide seques of a cells DNA that passed on to daghter
cells.
Non-Homologous Recombination - answer✔DNA recombination that does not require
extensive nucleotide sequence similarity in the stretches that recombine.
Phenotype - answer✔the observed characteristic of a cell
Vertical Transmission - answer✔Transfer of genes from parent to offspring
Wild Type - answer✔Form of the cell or gene as it typically occurs in nature.
Natural Selection - answer✔Orangisms need to adapt in order to survive and mulitply. If they
fail to do this, competing orgainisms more fit to thrive in the new setting will soon predominate.
How do Bacteria adjust to new environments? - answer✔Regulating gene expression and
genetic change.
A change in an organisms DNA alters? - answer✔It's genotype
Why can a small change in bacterial DNA have a significant impact? - answer✔Bacteria are are
haploid; only have a single set of genes.
Genetic change in bacteria occurs by two mechanisms? - answer✔Mutation and horizontal gene
transfer.
Horizontal transmission - answer✔transfer of DNA from one organism to another.
The properties of Bacteria can change either? - answer✔through mutation or horizontal gene
transfer.
Can mutations change an organisms phenotype? - answer✔Yes
Auxtroph - answer✔A mutant that requires a growth factor
Nester Microbiology Chapter 8 Exam Study
Guide.
Genotype - answer✔the sequence of nucleotide is an organisms DNA
Mutation - answer✔a change in the nucleotide seques of a cells DNA that passed on to daghter
cells.
Non-Homologous Recombination - answer✔DNA recombination that does not require
extensive nucleotide sequence similarity in the stretches that recombine.
Phenotype - answer✔the observed characteristic of a cell
Vertical Transmission - answer✔Transfer of genes from parent to offspring
Wild Type - answer✔Form of the cell or gene as it typically occurs in nature.
Natural Selection - answer✔Orangisms need to adapt in order to survive and mulitply. If they
fail to do this, competing orgainisms more fit to thrive in the new setting will soon predominate.
How do Bacteria adjust to new environments? - answer✔Regulating gene expression and
genetic change.
A change in an organisms DNA alters? - answer✔It's genotype
Why can a small change in bacterial DNA have a significant impact? - answer✔Bacteria are are
haploid; only have a single set of genes.
Genetic change in bacteria occurs by two mechanisms? - answer✔Mutation and horizontal gene
transfer.
Horizontal transmission - answer✔transfer of DNA from one organism to another.
The properties of Bacteria can change either? - answer✔through mutation or horizontal gene
transfer.
Can mutations change an organisms phenotype? - answer✔Yes
Auxtroph - answer✔A mutant that requires a growth factor
