Astro 7N Exam 1 PASSED Actual Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Newton's First Law - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An object at rest, or in motion in a straight
line at a constant speed, will remain in that state unless acted upon by a force
Newton's Second Law - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The acceleration of a body due to a force
will be in the same direction as the force, with a magnitude inversely proportional to its mass.
(Usually written F=ma, Force= mass x acceleration)
Newton's Third Law - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔For every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔This law gives the force
of gravity between any two objects in the Universe. The force of gravity is proportional to
(mass of object 1) × (mass of object 2) divided by the distance between the two objects
squared:
Strength of force equation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Fg = G (m1 m2)/r2
More mass=more gravity - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔If the mass of a planet were twice that
of another, but they had the same radius, the gravity felt on the surface of the more-massive
one would be twice as strong
Large separation=less gravity - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔If the radius of a planet were
twice that of another, the gravity is 1/(2)2= 1/4 as strong
Gravitational Force - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Directly proportional to the mass of each
interacting object and inversely proportional to the distance between them squared
Summer = December
Winter = June - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Seasons in the southern hemisphere
,Dark all day/ Night at south pole - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔June
the Earth would continue in the direction that it was traveling in its orbit at that time -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔If the sun suddenly disappeared
the planets exert equal force on Sun, but it only moves slightly because of its very large mass
relative to the planets - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The Sun exerts force on planets, and they
orbit it
If the mass of a planet were twice that of another, but they had the same radius, - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔the gravity felt on the surface of the more-massive one would be twice as
strong.
Rotation of the earth on its axis - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔What causes day and night
East to West because of Earth's rotation. The stars and planets move in the same way from
our point of view, also because of earths rotation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔How does the
sun appear to move in the sky in the course of the day?
It orbits the sun, once - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔What happens to the earth in one year
The tilt of the Earth's axis of rotation, with respect to the plane of its orbit around the Sun
(and not because of changing distance from Sun). The Earth's tilt is about 23 degrees. -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Why do we have seasons?
With the north pole toward the sun - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔How is the Earth's axis tilted
when we have summer in the Northern hemisphere?
Winter - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔What season is it in the Southern hemisphere when it is
summer in the Northern hemisphere?
In the northern hemisphere, the nights are longer than days= - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Winter begins on or about Dec. 21
, Days and nights have equal lengths= - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Spring begins on or about
March 21
Days longer than nights in the North= - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Summer begins on or
about June 21
Days and nights have equal length= - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Fall begins on or about
Sept. 21
What happens to the moon in one month - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔It moves around the
Earth once
what causes the phases of the moon - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔sun is lighting different
fractions of the part of the moon that we see
What is the order of the moon phases - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔new moon, waxing
crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, waning
crescent
When is the full moon visible? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Only at night. It transits at
midnight, rises 6 hours earlier at sunset and sets 6 hours later at sunrise.
When is the new moon visible? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The new moon is visible during
the day. It transits at noon, rises 6 hours earlier at sunrise, and sets 6 hours later at sunset.
How are the Sun, Earth, and Moon positioned when it is new Moon? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔In a straight line: Sun-Moon-Earth
How are the Sun, Earth, and Moon positioned when it is full Moon? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Sun-Earth-Moon
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Newton's First Law - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An object at rest, or in motion in a straight
line at a constant speed, will remain in that state unless acted upon by a force
Newton's Second Law - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The acceleration of a body due to a force
will be in the same direction as the force, with a magnitude inversely proportional to its mass.
(Usually written F=ma, Force= mass x acceleration)
Newton's Third Law - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔For every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔This law gives the force
of gravity between any two objects in the Universe. The force of gravity is proportional to
(mass of object 1) × (mass of object 2) divided by the distance between the two objects
squared:
Strength of force equation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Fg = G (m1 m2)/r2
More mass=more gravity - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔If the mass of a planet were twice that
of another, but they had the same radius, the gravity felt on the surface of the more-massive
one would be twice as strong
Large separation=less gravity - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔If the radius of a planet were
twice that of another, the gravity is 1/(2)2= 1/4 as strong
Gravitational Force - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Directly proportional to the mass of each
interacting object and inversely proportional to the distance between them squared
Summer = December
Winter = June - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Seasons in the southern hemisphere
,Dark all day/ Night at south pole - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔June
the Earth would continue in the direction that it was traveling in its orbit at that time -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔If the sun suddenly disappeared
the planets exert equal force on Sun, but it only moves slightly because of its very large mass
relative to the planets - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The Sun exerts force on planets, and they
orbit it
If the mass of a planet were twice that of another, but they had the same radius, - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔the gravity felt on the surface of the more-massive one would be twice as
strong.
Rotation of the earth on its axis - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔What causes day and night
East to West because of Earth's rotation. The stars and planets move in the same way from
our point of view, also because of earths rotation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔How does the
sun appear to move in the sky in the course of the day?
It orbits the sun, once - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔What happens to the earth in one year
The tilt of the Earth's axis of rotation, with respect to the plane of its orbit around the Sun
(and not because of changing distance from Sun). The Earth's tilt is about 23 degrees. -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Why do we have seasons?
With the north pole toward the sun - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔How is the Earth's axis tilted
when we have summer in the Northern hemisphere?
Winter - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔What season is it in the Southern hemisphere when it is
summer in the Northern hemisphere?
In the northern hemisphere, the nights are longer than days= - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Winter begins on or about Dec. 21
, Days and nights have equal lengths= - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Spring begins on or about
March 21
Days longer than nights in the North= - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Summer begins on or
about June 21
Days and nights have equal length= - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Fall begins on or about
Sept. 21
What happens to the moon in one month - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔It moves around the
Earth once
what causes the phases of the moon - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔sun is lighting different
fractions of the part of the moon that we see
What is the order of the moon phases - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔new moon, waxing
crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, waning
crescent
When is the full moon visible? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Only at night. It transits at
midnight, rises 6 hours earlier at sunset and sets 6 hours later at sunrise.
When is the new moon visible? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The new moon is visible during
the day. It transits at noon, rises 6 hours earlier at sunrise, and sets 6 hours later at sunset.
How are the Sun, Earth, and Moon positioned when it is new Moon? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔In a straight line: Sun-Moon-Earth
How are the Sun, Earth, and Moon positioned when it is full Moon? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Sun-Earth-Moon
