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What does it mean for science to be "empirical" - ✔✔empirical is based on
observable measurement
What does it mean for science to be "replicable"? - ✔✔replicable is ideas
can be tested and their findings can be replicated
SLPs' use of technology [why do we use it clinically? how can acoustics
help?] - ✔✔- Overcome listener bias
- Consistent, reliable measurement
-Describe severity objectively
-Provide biofeedback to the client
-Track progress over time
-Evidence-based practice
Pitch perception vs. frequency measurement [perceptual judgments vs.
acoustic measures, how waveforms differ as frequency goes up or down] -
✔✔- Pitch perception:
- linked to frequency
, - subjective perception
- cannot be measured with instruments, must be measured through listener
ratings
- frequency measurement:
- frequency describes how frequently a waveform repeats
- Hertz (Hz) = cycles per second
- Simplest sound: pure tones, only contain one frequency
- To be perceived as sound, vibrations will be between 20 and 20,000Hz
- Waveforms:
- higher frequency sounds must differ more to be heard as different in pitch
- as intensity decreases, DLs become larger
Loudness perception vs. intensity measurement [perceptual judgments vs.
acoustic measures, what are the different units of measurement of intensity
vs. sound pressure, how duration affects the loudness of brief sounds.] -
✔✔- Loudness perception cannot be wrong and is individualized based on
the person, while intensity measurement I measuring the wattage per unit
area.
- Intensity is measured in watts, while sound pressure is measured in dB
- Duration affects perception; longer= more audible, ear integrates the
energy