MLT 106 Unit 6 Practice Questions and Answers

MLT 106 Unit 6 Practice Questions and Answers Which hepatitis virus is dependent upon the presence of the Hepatitis B virus? - Answer️️ -Hepatitis D virus What method is currently being used in the detection of HIV infection in humans? - Answer️️ -Enzyme immunoassay What is known to cause meningoencephalitis as a human, avian and equine neuropathogen? - Answer️️ -West Nile virus An ABO HDFN in a group B infant group of a group O mother is more commonly found in which population? - Answer️️ -African American The detection of fetal red blood cells containing Hgb F is shown as _____ in the Kleibauer-Betke test. - Answer️️ -Pink What type of transfusion is used to prevent kernicterus? - Answer️️ -Exchange transfusion During 10-12 weeks gestation, what can be used to test for the presence of the D antigen in the fetus? - Answer️️ -Fetal DNA testing Cold AIHA is sometimes associated with infection in: - Answer️️ -Mycoplasma pneumoniae ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 2 Immune hemolytic anemias may be classified in what categories? - Answer️️ - Alloimmune, autoimmune, and drug-induced When penicillin is involved, which of the classic mechanisms is typically involved in the hemolytic process? - Answer️️ -Drug-adsorption What is the confirmation test for HIV? - Answer️️ -Western Blot Which marker is usually not detected when the hepatitis B-infected patients enters the convalescent (recovery) phase? - Answer️️ -HBeAg What characterizes hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDFN)? - Answer️️ - Destruction of the fetus' RBCs by antibodies produced by the mother What effect does ABO incompatibility between the mother and the fetus have on maternal sensitization to Rh antigen? - Answer️️ -The chance of maternal sensitization to Rh antigen is decreased. Severe anemia, effusions, and ascites from hepatomegaly and splenomegaly: - Answer️️ -Hydrops fetalis Characteristics of benign cold autoantibodies: - Answer️️ --Encountered during testing performed at 4C -IgM and can activate complement in vitro -Normally presents no serologic problem -Occasionally are clinically significant and may cause immune hemolytic anemia Immune hemolytic anemia (IHA) is defined as: - Answer️️ -A shortened RBC survival mediated through humoral antibody production ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 3 What describes the drug-adsorption (Hapten) mechanism? - Answer️️ -Drugs bind firmly to proteins of the RBC membrane Characteristics of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN): - Answer️️ -- Caused by IgG antibodies that cross the placenta -Incidence of HDFN has decreased with introduction of RhIG -95% of cases caused by maternally produced anti-D -Mother stimulated to form Abs by previous pregnancy or transfusion True or false: HDFN is the destruction of the RBCs of a fetus an d neonate by antibodies produced by the father. - Answer️️ -False Some techniques used in the diagnosis and treatment of HDFN: - Answer️️ -- Ultrasonography -Intravascular intrauterine transfusion -Cordocentesis -Doppler assessment of MCA-PSV Rate of fetal RBC destruction depends on: - Answer️️ --Antibody titer -Specificity -Number of RBC antigenic sites Serological and clinical test performed at appropriate times during the pregnancy can accurately determine: - Answer️️ --Level of antibody in the maternal circulation -Potential of the antibody to cause HDFN -Severity of RBC destruction during gestation ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS Saturday, September 7, 2024 6:58 PM Page | 4 Characteristics of ABO HDFN: - Answer️️ --Occurs in the first pregnancy but not necessarily all subsequent pregnancies -Nearly always limited to A or B infants of group O mothers RBC destruction leads to hyperbilirubinemia in the fetus and if left untreated can cause: - Answer️️ -Kernicterus True or false: IgG2 and IgG4 are more efficient in RBC hemolysis. - Answer️️ -False Factors affecting the immunization and severity of HDFN include: - Answer️️ -- Antigenic exposure -Immunoglobulin class -Influence of ABO group -Antibody specificity As little as _____ of fetal RBCs can immunize the mother. - Answer️️ -1 mL When the mother is ABO incompatible with the fetus, the incidence of detectable fetomaternal hemorrhage is: - Answer️️ -Decreased Characteristics of Rh-Immuno Globulin: - Answer️️ --Doses