NURS 231 Module 5 Exam
Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except:
The kidney can maintain a constant GFR despite variations in the arterial blood
pressure of the rest of the body.
The sympathetic nervous system cannot supersede the renal autoregulatory system.
The RAA responds when blood pressure drops below normal limits. - ANSWER: The
sympathetic nervous system cannot supersede the renal autoregulatory system.
ADH levels will rise under which of the following circumstances?
Severe hemorrhage
Excessive sweating
Diarrhea
All of the above
None of the above - ANSWER: all of the above
Which of the following statements is true regarding nephrons?
It is divided into an outer medulla and an inner cortex
It has 1 source of blood supply
The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed nutrients -
ANSWER: The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed
nutrients
A loss of water from the plasma and interstitial compartments causing an osmotic
flow of water from the intracellular compartment is characteristic of which of the
following fluid imbalances?
Dehydration
Water intoxication
Edema - ANSWER: Dehydration
Reabsorption in the loop of Henle is characterized by the following except:
Na+ and water are reabsorbed in equal proportions
The ascending limb is impermeable to water
Water is reabsorbed in the descending limb - ANSWER: Na+ and water are
reabsorbed in equal proportions
Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base balance? (mark all that apply)
Acid-base balance refers to the balance of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in
the blood
, Acid-base balance refers to the balance of the concentration of bicarbonate ions
(OH-) in the blood
Venous blood is characterized by a more acidic pHA higher concentration of OH- ions
will increase the pH of the blood
A higher concentration of OH- ions will increase the pH of the blood - ANSWER: Acid-
base balance refers to the balance of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the
blood
Venous blood is characterized by a more acidic pHA higher concentration of OH- ions
will increase the pH of the blood
A higher concentration of OH- ions will increase the pH of the blood
Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is characterized by the following except:
Typically caused by a streptococcal infection
Associated with a poor prognosis as it often leads to CKD
Accompanied by glomerular enlargement and hypercellularity
Oliguria is often the first symptom - ANSWER: Associated with a poor prognosis as it
often leads to CKD
Which of the following are necessary components of nutritional management for a
patient with CKD? (mark all that apply)
A decrease in dietary protein
Adequate caloric intake in the form of carbohydrates and fats
Fluid restrictions - ANSWER: A decrease in dietary protein
Adequate caloric intake in the form of carbohydrates and fats
Fluid restrictions
Which of the following is true of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol?
It is the inactive form of vitamin D taken in through the skin via UV rays
It is the inactive form of synthetic vitamin D
It is the active form of vitamin D, converted in the liver
It is the active form of vitamin D, converted in the kidney - ANSWER: It is the active
form of vitamin D, converted in the kidney
Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except:
The kidney can maintain a constant GFR despite variations in the arterial blood
pressure of the rest of the body.
The sympathetic nervous system cannot supersede the renal autoregulatory system.
The RAA responds when blood pressure drops below normal limits. - ANSWER: The
sympathetic nervous system cannot supersede the renal autoregulatory system.
ADH levels will rise under which of the following circumstances?
Severe hemorrhage
Excessive sweating
Diarrhea
All of the above
None of the above - ANSWER: all of the above
Which of the following statements is true regarding nephrons?
It is divided into an outer medulla and an inner cortex
It has 1 source of blood supply
The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed nutrients -
ANSWER: The glomerulus filters the blood while the tubule reabsorbs needed
nutrients
A loss of water from the plasma and interstitial compartments causing an osmotic
flow of water from the intracellular compartment is characteristic of which of the
following fluid imbalances?
Dehydration
Water intoxication
Edema - ANSWER: Dehydration
Reabsorption in the loop of Henle is characterized by the following except:
Na+ and water are reabsorbed in equal proportions
The ascending limb is impermeable to water
Water is reabsorbed in the descending limb - ANSWER: Na+ and water are
reabsorbed in equal proportions
Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base balance? (mark all that apply)
Acid-base balance refers to the balance of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in
the blood
, Acid-base balance refers to the balance of the concentration of bicarbonate ions
(OH-) in the blood
Venous blood is characterized by a more acidic pHA higher concentration of OH- ions
will increase the pH of the blood
A higher concentration of OH- ions will increase the pH of the blood - ANSWER: Acid-
base balance refers to the balance of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the
blood
Venous blood is characterized by a more acidic pHA higher concentration of OH- ions
will increase the pH of the blood
A higher concentration of OH- ions will increase the pH of the blood
Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is characterized by the following except:
Typically caused by a streptococcal infection
Associated with a poor prognosis as it often leads to CKD
Accompanied by glomerular enlargement and hypercellularity
Oliguria is often the first symptom - ANSWER: Associated with a poor prognosis as it
often leads to CKD
Which of the following are necessary components of nutritional management for a
patient with CKD? (mark all that apply)
A decrease in dietary protein
Adequate caloric intake in the form of carbohydrates and fats
Fluid restrictions - ANSWER: A decrease in dietary protein
Adequate caloric intake in the form of carbohydrates and fats
Fluid restrictions
Which of the following is true of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol?
It is the inactive form of vitamin D taken in through the skin via UV rays
It is the inactive form of synthetic vitamin D
It is the active form of vitamin D, converted in the liver
It is the active form of vitamin D, converted in the kidney - ANSWER: It is the active
form of vitamin D, converted in the kidney
