Egan Chapter 1, Egan's chapter-2 Questions & Answers Already Graded A +

Credentialing - ️️It is a general term that refers to the recognition of individuals in particular occupation or profession Which organization is working for the future development of graduate education in respiratory care? - ️️-American association of respiratory care (AARC) - both current and under developed programs. respiratory care practitioner (s) - ️️Health professional with special training and experience in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with respiratory disorders. The respiratory care practitioner typically does not diagnose but must be competent with patient assessment in various clinical settings. airway management - ️️The process of insuring that the upper airway is free of foreign substances and patent to gas flow American Respiratory Care Foundation (ARCF) - ️️Established in 1970 by the AARC. It is a non-for-profit charitable foundation that helps promote and further the mission of the AARC. Board of medical advisors (BOMA) - ️️The medical advisory group for the American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC) cardiopulmonary system - ️️The combination of the respiratory and cardiac systems Committee on Accreditation for Respiratory Care (CoARC) - ️️Establishes standards and oversees approval of educational programs in respiratory care Fellow of the American Association for Respiratory Care (FAARC) - ️️To recognize respiratory therapists and physician members who have done so in the profession, the AARC established the FAARC. Individuals who go above and beyond what is expected of the average practitioner. International Council for Respiratory Care (ICRC) - ️️Comprising governors from various countries, diverse group of worldwide health professionals addressing issues affecting educational, medical, and professional trends in the global respiratory carecommunity. An AARC- sponsored organization dedicated to the globalization of quality respiratory care. mechanical ventiliation - ️️An artificial device to assist a patient to breathe National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC) - ️️National credentialing agency for respiratory care practitioners and pulmonary function technologists oxygen therapy - ️️Any procedure in which O2 is administered to a patient to relieve hypoxemia American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC) - ️️Founded in 1947 in Chicago, the Inhalational Therapy Association (ITA) was the first professional association for the field of respiratory care. In 1982 it became the AARC. Their mission is to "encourage and promote professional excellence, advance the science and practice of respiratory care and serve as an advocate for patients, their families, the public, the profession and the respiratory therapist. aerosol medications - ️️Any medication that is delivered by aerosol via the respiratory tract physician assistant - ️️Individual academically and clinically prepared to practice medicine under the supervision of a licensed doctor of medicine or osteopathy. Within the physician-PA relationship, PAs exercise autonomy in medical decisions and provide a wide range of diagnostic and therapeutic services. Training programs average 25-27 months. National certification is available to graduates of approved training programs. pulmonary function testing - ️️Procedure for determining the capacity of the lungs to exchange O2 and CO2 efficiently. There are two general kinds of pulmonary function tests: one measures ventilation, or the ability of the bellows action of the chest and lungs to move gas in and out of alveoli; the other kind measures the diffusion of gas across the alveolar capillary membrane and the perfusion of the lungs by blood respiratory care - ️️Health care discipline that specializes in the promotion of optimal cardiopulmonary function and health. Also called respiratory therapy respiratory therapist (s) (RTs) - ️️Graduate of a CAAHEP/CoARC accredited school designed to qualify the graduate for the registry examination of the National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC). respiratory therapy - ️️Any treatment that maintains or improves the ventilatory function of the respiratory tractIn 1662, a chemist published a book that described the relationship between gas, volume, and pressure. What was the chemist's name? - ️️Robert Boyle Who first described the law of partial pressures? - ️️John Dalton What are the elements of respiratory care department? - ️️Medical director respiratory therapists technical director Medical directors and their roles - ️️- usually a pulmonary / critical care physician or anesthesiologist -He owns a full time responsibility, and should be available on 24 hour basis for consultation. -Must have medical as well as administrative skills. - Department can have autonomy under the supervision of medical director. -They can educate other people like doctors and nurses about the role of respiratory therapists - help in promotion of the technical standards of the staff.( in services and training programs) take care of departments budget. designations and credentials of respiratory therapists - ️️1) CRT- certified respiratory therapist 2) RRT- registered respiratory therapist Who reviews the respiratory care education program? - ️️Committee on Accreditation for respiratory care(Co ARC) Who sponsor CoARC? - ️️4 organizations - AARC= american association of respiratory care - ACCP= American college of chest physicians - ASA= American society of Anesthesiologists -ATS= American thoracic society what are the 2 form of credentialing in health care field? - ️️- State licensure - voluntary certification. Licensure - ️️is the process in which government agency gives an individual permission to practice an occupation. - license is granted only after the verification that applicant has demonstrated the minimum competency necessary to protect the public health safety or welfare.Certification - ️️-Voluntary non government process, whereby a private agency grants recognition to an individual who has met certain qualification. -eg graduation from a approved educational program. which organization ensures quality in respiratory care in voluntary certification or registration conducted? - ️️NBRC National Board of Respiratory Care. it is an independent national credentialing agency for the people who work in respiratory care. which organizations sponsor NRBC - ️️AARC,ACCP, ATS,ASA and National society of pulmonary technology. Who forms the board for NRBC? - ️️representatives from all these societies. Which is an additional license for working in pediatrics? - ️️NPS( neonatal/pediatric specialist) -This is an additional advance level credential. What other credentials does NRBC provide? - ️️CPFTs- certified pulmonary function technologists RPFTs-registered pulmonary function technologists Professionalism - ️️is characterized as an individual conforming to the technical and ethical standards of the profession. Professional characteristics of a respiratory therapist - ️️-completes accredited respiratory therapy program -Obtains professional credentials - participate in continous CME - Adheres to the code of ethics put forth by the institutions or state licensing board or both -join professional organizations. Who has responsibility as technical director of the department? - ️️It is the responsibility of the manager - He must ensure that the equipment and associated quality, safety, health and welfare of the patient using the equipment. -Technical director must ensure that new devices, methods and strategies not only are effective but also deliver a benefit compensated with cost. What is an another name of the respiratory care protocol? - ️️Therapist driven protocols. These are the guidelines for delivering appropriate respiratory t/t care and services - protocols are written in form of algorithmWhat is the key of success of a respiratory care protocol? - ️️-Active and committed medical direction -Capable RT's - Collaboration with physicians and nurses. - responsible hospital environment when does hospital accepts the RT protocols? - ️️When protocols enhance patient care - Improve allocation of respiratory services and reduce cost. -Physicians accept for the good will of patients and when they trust in the quality, professionalism and competence of the respiratory therapy staff. - Nurses will accept when they persuaded that protocols will enhance the efficient care and help relive excess nursing workload - upon the ownership of the protocols respiratory therapy consult service - ️️A comprehensive approach of using protocol is to combine specific protocols to form respiratory therapy consult service Also called an evaluate and treat program. what are the strategies to monitor quality? - ️️-Intrainstitutional monitoring practices -centralized government monitoring bodies * centers of medicare * medicaid services - voluntary agencies like TJC TJC - ️️The Joint commission - formed in 1951 by American college of surgeons, the American hospital association and AMA - They want that hospitals should provide with quality assurance plan to provide TJC Standard of performance improvement - ️️- The hospital collect data to monitor its performance - The hospital compiles and analyzes the data - The hospital improves performance on an ongoing basis. what are the quality monitoring bench marks - ️️-Monitoring the correctness of respiratory care plan -Monitoring the consistency of formulating respiratory care plan among therapist evaluators -Evaluating the efficiency of algorithms or protocols - Evaluating the overall effectiveness of the protocol program. One method of monitoring used for respiratory therapy - ️️case study exercise- these stimulated patients exercise can help determine the consistency of respiratory care plan among therapist evaluators. consists of 3-4 patient scenarios everybody work on those scenarios and then those are compared with the gold standard If the particular therapy has consistently large number of associated errors, the algorithm is viewed for errors and weakness. PROs - ️️-Peer review organizations -elaborated system established by the federal government - It helps to evaluate the quality and appropriateness of care given to medicare beneficiaries. Cross training - ️️-Is an another aspect of restructuring and redesigning personnel and using assistive staff. - can be attempted by teaching activities( on job training of unlicensed people). they have a basic medical background in the health care. this strategy has fallen into disfavor because of the substantial associated challenges in implementation. why protocols are required for respiratory therapy practice? - ️️The primary purpose is to provide therapy to patients needing and likely to benefit from therapy but to avoid delivering services to patients not likely to benefit. - This provides a dynamic system for modifying the respiratory care regimen in response to a patients changing clinical condition. - reduces misallocation of respiratory care Disease Management - ️️refers to an organized strategy of delivering care to a large group of individuals with chronic disease to improve the outcome and reduce the cost. - this is systemic population based approach. What are those practices? for evidence based medicine - ️️-Rigorous and systemic view of available evidence. -Critical analysis of available evidence to determine what management conclusions are more sound and applicable -a disciplinary approach to incorporate the literature with personal practice and experience. Medical Director - ️️Responsible for the Clinical function of the department Characteristics of an RCP? - ️️1. Participates in continuing education activities. 2. Obtains professional credentials. 3. Adheres to a code of ethics.4. Completes an accredited education program. HIPPA - ️️HIPAA is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Can a nurse fill the technical director position in an RT department? - ️️Yes The first health care specialists in the respiratory field were called what? - ️️Oxygen Technicians Misallocation - ️️Ordering too many respiratory services that are not indicated and does not help the patient recover. Evidence based medicine - ️️Refers to the approach to determining optimal clinical management based on several practices.