Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs

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TestlBanklAdvancedlPhysiologylandlPathophysiologylEssentialslforl ClinicallPracticel1stlEditionlTkacs 1




Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials forC
l l l l l l




linical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs
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Chapterl1.lTHEl FOUNDATIONALlCONCEPTSlOFlCLINICALPRACTICE


1. Thelcharacteristic,l localizedlcardinallsignsloflacutelinflammationlinclude:
A) fever.

B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.


2.
Thelvascular,lhemodynamiclstageloflacutelinflammationlislinitiatedlbylmom
entarylvasoconstrictionlfollowedl bylvasodilationlthatlcausesllocalized:
A) bleeding.

B) congestion.
C) palelskin.

D) coolness.


3.
Thelcellularlstageloflacutelinflammationlislmarkedlbylthelmovementloflleu
kocyteslintolthelarea.lWhichl oflthelfollowinglcellslarriveslearlylinlgreatlnumb
ers?
A) Basophils

B) Lymphocytes

C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

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4.
Thelphagocytosisl processlinvolvesl threeldistinctlsteps.lWhatl islthelinitiall
steplinlthelprocess?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellularlkilling
C) Antigenlmargination
D) Recognitionlandladherence


5.
Whichloflthel followinglmediatorsloflinflammationlcausesl increasedlcapillaryl
permeabilitylandlpain?
A) Serotonin

B) Histamine

C) Bradykinin
D) Nitricloxide


6.
Inflammatorylexudateslarelalcombinationloflseverall types.l Whichloflthelf
ollowinglexudateslislcomposedloflenmeshedlnecroticlcells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. Thelacute-
phaselsystemiclresponselusuallylbeginsl withinlhoursl oflthel onsetloflinflammati
onlandlincludes:
A) feverlandllethargy.
B) decreasedlC-reactivelprotein.

C) positivelnitrogenlbalance.
D) lowlerythrocytelsedimentationlrate.


8.
Inlcontrastltolacutelinflammation,lchronicl inflammationlislcharacterizedlbyl
whichloflthelfollowinglphenomena?

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TestlBanklAdvancedlPhysiologylandlPathophysiologylEssentialslforlClinicallPracticel1stlEditionlTkacs 3


A) Profuselfibrinouslexudation

B) Alshiftltolthelleftl oflgranulocytes
C) Metaboliclandlrespiratorylalkalosis
D) Lymphocytosislandlactivatedl macrophages


9. Exogenouslpyrogensl(interleukin-
1)l andlthelpresenceloflbacterial inlthelbloodlleadltolthelreleaseloflendogenouslpyr
ogenslthat:
A) stabilizelthermallcontrollinlthelbrain.

B) producelleukocytosisl andlanorexia.
C) blocklvirallreplicationlinlcells.
D) inhibitlprostaglandinlrelease.


10 Anlolderladultlpatientlhasljustlshearedlthelskinlonlherlelbowlwhilelattempted
.
tolboostlherselfluplinlbed,lanleventlthatlhaslprecipitatedlacutelinflammationli
nlthelregionlsurroundinglthelwound.lWhichloflthel followingleventslwillloccurl
duringlthelvascularlstageloflthelpatientslinflammation?
A) Outpouringloflexudatelintolinterstitiallspaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulationloflleukocyteslalonglthelepithelium
D) Phagocytosisloflcellularldebris


11 Whichloflthelfollowingl individualslmostl likelylhaslthel highestlrisklof
. experiencinglchroniclinflammation?

A) Alpatientlwholhaslrecentlylbeenldiagnosedl withltypel2ldiabetes
B) Alpatientlwholislalcarrierloflanlantibiotic-resistantlorganism

C) Alpatientlwholisltakinglorallantibioticsl forl anlupperlrespiratorylinfection
D) Alpatientlwholislmorbidlylobeselandlwholhaslalsedentaryllifestyle


12 Whichloflthelfollowing core body temperatures is within normal range?
.
A) 35.9Cl(96.6F)

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B) 38.0Cl(100.4F)
C) 35.5Cl(95.9F)

D) 37.3Cl(99.1F)


13 Alpostsurgicallpatientl wholislrecoveringl inlthelpostanestheticlrecoverylunit
.
stateslthatlshelisl freezinglcold.lWhichloflthelfollowinglmeasureslisllikelyltolb
elinitiatedlinlthelpatientslhypothalamuslinlanleffortl tolreducelheatlloss?
A) Openingloflarteriovenousl(AV)lshunts
B) Reducedlexhalationloflwarmedlair

C) Contractionloflpilomotorl muscles
D) Decreasedlurinelproduction


14 Anlelderlylpatientl isldressedl onlylinlalhospitallgownlandlcomplainsl ofla
.
draftlinlherlroom.lConsequently,lshelhaslrequestedlal warmlblanketlwhilelshels
itslinlherlwheelchair.lWhichloflthelfollowinglmechanismsloflheatllosslislmostllik
elylthelprimarylcauseloflherlrequest?
A) Evaporationlandl conduction
B) Radiationlandl convection
C) Conductionlandl convection
D) Convectionlandl evaporation


15 Whichloflthel followinglpathophysiologicl processesl arelcapableloflinducing
. thelproductionloflpyrogens?lSelectlalllthatlapply.

A) Acutelinflammation
B) Obesity

C) Myocardiallinfarction
D) Malignancy

E) Renallfailure


16 Whichloflthel followinglpatientslislmostllikelyltolbel susceptiblelto
. developinglal neurogeniclfever?