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NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO EXAM TEST BANK
WITH 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(ALREADY GRADED A+)
1) Free radicals cause cell damage by - Giving up an electron, which
causes injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane.
A free radical is an electrically uncharged atom or group of atoms
having an unpaired electron. Having one unpaired electron makes the
molecule Un stable, thus to stabilize, the molecule gives up an
electron to another molecule or steals one. Therefore it is capable of
forming injurious chemical bonds with proteins, lipids, or
carbohydrates---Key molecules in membranes and nucleic acid's.
2) Which method of transport uses transmembrane proteins with receptors
with a high degree of specificity for substance being transported? -
Mediated.
Mediated transport- passive and active- involves integral or
transmembrane proteins with receptors having a high degree of
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specificity for the substance being transported. Inorganic anions and
cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, bicarbonate,
and charged an uncharged organic compounds such as amino acids
and sugars, require specific transport systems to facilitate movement
through different cellular membranes
3) What is the sequence of steps in the development of digestive enzyme
by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the
cells? - 1-transcribed from DNA to RNA in nucleus
2-to ribosomes for synthesis
3-Transported in secretory vesicles to cell membrane
4) First step in the development of digestive enzymes in the pancreas -
Transcription from DNA to RNA
Second step in the development of digestion enzymes in the pancreas - To
the ribosomes for synthesis
5) Third step in the development of digestive enzymes by the pancreas -
Transported in secretory vesicles to cell membrane
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6) What occurs during exocytosis? - Macromolecules can be secreted
across eukaryotic cell membranes.
In eukaryotic cells, secretion of macromolecules almost always
occurs by exocytosis.
And eukaryotic cell secretion of macromolecules almost always
occurs by - Exocytosis
7) Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport
communication to so some distance away? - Hormonal.
Chemical signaling can be classified into three categories--
-Local chemical mediator
-hormone
-Neurotransmitter
7) In the local chemical mediator model, the secreted chemicals acts on the
cells in the - immediate environment.
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8) Hormones are used for communication with - Distant target cells
Cells can Secrete a chemical and rely on the blood system to deliver
the signal to a distant cell.
9) neurotransmitters are secreted by neurons to stimulate an - Adjoining
cell
For example, a neuron may secrete acetylcholine to stimulate the
movement of a muscle cell
Acetylcholine can be classified as using which chemical signaling method?
- Neurotransmitter
Which organic compounds facility transportation across the cell membrane
by acting as receptors, transfer channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to
drive after pumps? - Proteins.
NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO EXAM TEST BANK
WITH 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(ALREADY GRADED A+)
1) Free radicals cause cell damage by - Giving up an electron, which
causes injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane.
A free radical is an electrically uncharged atom or group of atoms
having an unpaired electron. Having one unpaired electron makes the
molecule Un stable, thus to stabilize, the molecule gives up an
electron to another molecule or steals one. Therefore it is capable of
forming injurious chemical bonds with proteins, lipids, or
carbohydrates---Key molecules in membranes and nucleic acid's.
2) Which method of transport uses transmembrane proteins with receptors
with a high degree of specificity for substance being transported? -
Mediated.
Mediated transport- passive and active- involves integral or
transmembrane proteins with receptors having a high degree of
,2|Page
specificity for the substance being transported. Inorganic anions and
cations such as sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, bicarbonate,
and charged an uncharged organic compounds such as amino acids
and sugars, require specific transport systems to facilitate movement
through different cellular membranes
3) What is the sequence of steps in the development of digestive enzyme
by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the
cells? - 1-transcribed from DNA to RNA in nucleus
2-to ribosomes for synthesis
3-Transported in secretory vesicles to cell membrane
4) First step in the development of digestive enzymes in the pancreas -
Transcription from DNA to RNA
Second step in the development of digestion enzymes in the pancreas - To
the ribosomes for synthesis
5) Third step in the development of digestive enzymes by the pancreas -
Transported in secretory vesicles to cell membrane
,3|Page
6) What occurs during exocytosis? - Macromolecules can be secreted
across eukaryotic cell membranes.
In eukaryotic cells, secretion of macromolecules almost always
occurs by exocytosis.
And eukaryotic cell secretion of macromolecules almost always
occurs by - Exocytosis
7) Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport
communication to so some distance away? - Hormonal.
Chemical signaling can be classified into three categories--
-Local chemical mediator
-hormone
-Neurotransmitter
7) In the local chemical mediator model, the secreted chemicals acts on the
cells in the - immediate environment.
, 4|Page
8) Hormones are used for communication with - Distant target cells
Cells can Secrete a chemical and rely on the blood system to deliver
the signal to a distant cell.
9) neurotransmitters are secreted by neurons to stimulate an - Adjoining
cell
For example, a neuron may secrete acetylcholine to stimulate the
movement of a muscle cell
Acetylcholine can be classified as using which chemical signaling method?
- Neurotransmitter
Which organic compounds facility transportation across the cell membrane
by acting as receptors, transfer channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to
drive after pumps? - Proteins.
