Test Bank For Pharmacology for Nurses: A
Pathophysiologic Approach 7th Edition All
Chapters verified
Shirley Amendment - 1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false therapeutic
claims
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments - 1938- Thorough testing
of drug; Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 - 1994-Controls misleading
industry claims
Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs - 1. Preclinical
investigation (1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting;
surveys/sampling/testing; inspections)
Addiction - The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug
repeated
Dependence - A physiological or psychological need for a substance
Physical dependence - An altered physical condition caused by the adaptation
of the nervous system to repeated drug use.
Psychological dependence - Few signs of physical discomfort when drug is
withdrawn, but intense compelling desire to continue drug use
,Controlled Substances - Are restricted by the Controlled Substances Act of
1970. Have a high potential for addiction or dependence. Have restricted use.
Are placed into one of five schedules:
Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential,
Schedule V the lowest
Teratogenic Drug Classification - Five categories of risk that a drug poses to
a fetus in the case of a pregnant woman
taking the drug. A, B, C, D, and X; Class A is the safest, while X poses the most
danger to the fetus.
Allergic Reactions - a condition caused by an overreaction of the body's immune
system
Anaphylaxis - Life threatening allergic reaction
Five Rights of Drug Administration - 1. Right patient
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right route of administration
5. Right time of delivery
Right documentation
Three Checks of Drug Administration - 1. Checking drug with MAR (medical
administration record) or medication information system when removing it from
storage
2. Checking drug when preparing it
3. Checking drug before administering it to the patient
, Pharmacology - Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where drugs
travel in the body,
Response that drugs produce.
drug - A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
medication - A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
biologics - agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or by
the body itself
Mechanism of Action - how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body
Bioavailability - the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
Therapeutic classification of drugs: - Based on what the drug does clinically
Pharmacologic Classification - Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or how
the drug produces its effect
Most Drugs have three names - Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL: (1/2)-2-(p-
isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs - Trade name drugs with exclusive rights cost
more. When rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
prescription drugs - Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
Over the counter drugs (OTC) - can be purchased without a prescription
Pathophysiologic Approach 7th Edition All
Chapters verified
Shirley Amendment - 1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false therapeutic
claims
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments - 1938- Thorough testing
of drug; Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 - 1994-Controls misleading
industry claims
Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs - 1. Preclinical
investigation (1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting;
surveys/sampling/testing; inspections)
Addiction - The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug
repeated
Dependence - A physiological or psychological need for a substance
Physical dependence - An altered physical condition caused by the adaptation
of the nervous system to repeated drug use.
Psychological dependence - Few signs of physical discomfort when drug is
withdrawn, but intense compelling desire to continue drug use
,Controlled Substances - Are restricted by the Controlled Substances Act of
1970. Have a high potential for addiction or dependence. Have restricted use.
Are placed into one of five schedules:
Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential,
Schedule V the lowest
Teratogenic Drug Classification - Five categories of risk that a drug poses to
a fetus in the case of a pregnant woman
taking the drug. A, B, C, D, and X; Class A is the safest, while X poses the most
danger to the fetus.
Allergic Reactions - a condition caused by an overreaction of the body's immune
system
Anaphylaxis - Life threatening allergic reaction
Five Rights of Drug Administration - 1. Right patient
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right route of administration
5. Right time of delivery
Right documentation
Three Checks of Drug Administration - 1. Checking drug with MAR (medical
administration record) or medication information system when removing it from
storage
2. Checking drug when preparing it
3. Checking drug before administering it to the patient
, Pharmacology - Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where drugs
travel in the body,
Response that drugs produce.
drug - A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
medication - A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
biologics - agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or by
the body itself
Mechanism of Action - how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body
Bioavailability - the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
Therapeutic classification of drugs: - Based on what the drug does clinically
Pharmacologic Classification - Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or how
the drug produces its effect
Most Drugs have three names - Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL: (1/2)-2-(p-
isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs - Trade name drugs with exclusive rights cost
more. When rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
prescription drugs - Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
Over the counter drugs (OTC) - can be purchased without a prescription
