AICE Psychology Biological Approach fully solved & updated(100- accuracy).

Describe 2 assumptions of the biological approach (4 marks) behavior, cognitions, and emotions can be explained in terms of the brain and the effect of hormones, genetics, and evolution. Another is similarities and differences between people can be understood in terms of biological factors and their interactions with other factors Outline the debate about nature vs nurture in psychology (2 marks) Extent to which different behaviors are thought to result from genetic factors or are hard wired versus experiences within our environment Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More Dement and Kleitman Describe the participants in the study by Dement & Kleitman (3 marks) 9 adults total 7 male 2 females 5 studied in detail 4 used to confirm results Explain why this study is from the biological approach (2 marks) Investigated relationships between dreams and eye movement during dreams and used an EEG to measure brain waves when the participant was asleep. Used assumption two when measuring the depth of sleep From the study by Dement & Kleitmen name the stage of sleep when participants recalled most of their dreams (1 mark) Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Outline one dream reported by a participant that had vertical eye movements (2 marks) man climbing up a series of ladders looking up and down as he climbed Outline one conclusion from the study (2 marks) People dream more in REM than in NREM Describe one result about dream recall from REM awakenings in the first half of the night compared to the second half of the night (2 marks) Participants had an absence of dreaming in REM that was more common early in the night rather than the second half of the night Participants were woken at two different time intervals during REM sleep and asked to estimate their dream duration. One of the time intervals was 5 minutes. State the other time interval (1 mark) 15 minutes Name the apparatus used to measure brain activity in this study (1 mark) Electroenhancephalogram (EEG) Outline one dream reported by a participant that had horizontal eye movements (2 marks) Dreamer was watching two people throw tomatoes at each other while looking left and right Describe how the researchers first attempted to measure participants' estimations of REM sleep duration (2 marks) P's awoken after variety of REM durations and asked to estimate time they had been dreaming Describe the revised procedure used to measure participants estimates of REM sleep duration (2 marks) P's given longer REM periods and were woken after 5-15 min in REM sleep and P's guessed sleep duration Outline one methodological weakness of this study (2 marks) A correlation could only demonstrate whether there was a link between variables and researchers wouldn't know if P's dreams and eye movement were a causal relationship or through variables Evaluate the study in terms of two strengths and two weaknesses. At least one of your evaluation's points must be about validity (10 marks) Strength: Task limited to a choice between 5-15 min which raised validity as it reduced P's variables like differences in ability to record dreams Strength: Possible to limit effect of some uncontrolled variables because it was a lab experiment and avoided ringing loud doorbells that would wake them instantly Weakness: People who were used to drinking coffee might of have bad dreams that were unusual as they were refrained from coffee which reduces ecological validity Weakness: Small sample size limiting generalizability HASSET ET AL. Outline the aim of the study (2 marks) Investigate if toy preferences in monkeys resemble those in children to test if choice is biologically determined by sex