Nutrition 1020 Final Exam with verified solutions 2024

nervous system functions sensory input, integration, motor output respiratory system functions Transfers oxygen from inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air; helps regulate acid-base balance of body fluids; air flowing out of lungs through vocal cords produces sounds Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More endocrine system functions directs long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body, controls many structural and functional changes during development. integumentary system Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail lymphatic system functions defends against infection and disease, returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream cardiovascular system Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood. type 2 diabetes progressive disorder in which body cells become less responsive to insulin Hypoglycemia abnormally low level of sugar in the blood metabolic syndrome A syndrome marked by the presence of usually three or more of a group of factors (as high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, and high fasting levels of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes. type 1 diabetes disorder in which the body cannot produce enough insulin bone marrow A soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells cortical bone hard, dense, strong bone that forms the outer layer of bone; also called compact bone Periosteum A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles. trabecular bone interior, spongy bone with a porous, honeycomb structure Triglycerides an energy-rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid. menarche the first menstrual period Electrolyte An ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current appetite the psychological desire for food hunger the natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's need for food satiety feeling of fullness Diverticulitis inflammation of a diverticulum peptide short chain of amino acids Zoochemicals health-promoting substances found in animal foods ATP (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work pregnancy induced hypertension A condition of late pregnancy that is characterized by headache, visual changes, and swelling of the hands and feet; also called preeclampsia or toxemia of pregnancy.