WGU INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY C273 LYNN
ACTUAL EXAM |WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS |PRE-EVALUATED A+
Auguste Conte - ANSWER-Who suggested we apply scientific method to social world, which is known as
Positivism
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function
smoothly. (functional analysis)
Herbert Spencer - ANSWER-Who is described as the 2nd founder of sociology
*disagreed with Conte, believed sociologists should not guide social reform
*societies are evolving from lower to higher form
*society's most capable and intelligent members service - the less capable die out
*fittest members produce a more advanced society "The survival of the fittest" or "Social Darwinism"
(credited to Darwin because he applied it to organisms.
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function
smoothly. (functional analysis)
Karl Marx - ANSWER-Who believed the engine of human history is class conflict
*society is made up of 2 classes
*economics is a central force in social change
*introduced Conflict Theory
,*did not think of himself as a sociologist
Bourgeoisie - ANSWER-Capitalists
they own the means of production - money, land, factories, and machines.
Proletariat - ANSWER-Workers
Emile Durkheim - ANSWER-Who succeeded in getting sociology recognized as a separate academic
discipline
*how social forces affect peoples behavior
*Social Integration
when all parts of society full their part it is in a "normal" state, if they do not fulfill their function it is in
an "abnormal" or pathological state. (functional analysis)
Social Integration - ANSWER-Degree to which people are tied to their social groups.
People with weaker social ties are more likely to commit suicide
Applying Durkheim - ANSWER-Patterns of behavior or recurring patterns or events
Max Weber - ANSWER-Who used cross culture and historical materials to trace the cause of social
change and how social groups affect peoples orientation to life
*disagreed with Karl Marx
*Roman Catholics taught to hold on to tradition, protestant taught to embrace change
*Protestant ethic
Protestant Ethic - ANSWER-*looked for sign they were in Gods good grace
*financial success-live frugal lives, saving ant investing money "the spirit of capitalism"
This brought about capitalism
, Harriet Martineau - ANSWER-*did writings because women were to focus on church, cooking, children
and clothes
*early female sociologist
*viewed sociology as a path to reform and improve society (stop lynchings, integrate immigrants,
improve working conditions)
W.E.B. DuBois - ANSWER-black sociologist
Jane Adams - ANSWER-Sociologist and social reformer
*came from wealth and privilege
*founded Hull House with Ellen Gates Starr
C. Wright Mills - ANSWER-pushed sociologist to go back to push social reform
Basic (or pure) sociology - ANSWER-sociological research for the purpose of making discoveries about
life in human groups, not for making changes in those groups
Applied Sociology - ANSWER-the use of sociology to solve problems from classroom integration and
family relationships to crime and pollution
Public Sociology - ANSWER-applying sociology for the public good; especially sociological perspective
(how things relate to one another) to guide politicians and policy makers
Theory - ANSWER-general statement about how some parts of the world fit together and how they
work; an explanation of how 2 or more facts are related to one another
Symbolic Interaction - ANSWER-theoretical perspective in which society is viewed as composed of
symbols that people use to establish meaning, develop their views of the world and communicate with
one another
ACTUAL EXAM |WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS |PRE-EVALUATED A+
Auguste Conte - ANSWER-Who suggested we apply scientific method to social world, which is known as
Positivism
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function
smoothly. (functional analysis)
Herbert Spencer - ANSWER-Who is described as the 2nd founder of sociology
*disagreed with Conte, believed sociologists should not guide social reform
*societies are evolving from lower to higher form
*society's most capable and intelligent members service - the less capable die out
*fittest members produce a more advanced society "The survival of the fittest" or "Social Darwinism"
(credited to Darwin because he applied it to organisms.
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to function
smoothly. (functional analysis)
Karl Marx - ANSWER-Who believed the engine of human history is class conflict
*society is made up of 2 classes
*economics is a central force in social change
*introduced Conflict Theory
,*did not think of himself as a sociologist
Bourgeoisie - ANSWER-Capitalists
they own the means of production - money, land, factories, and machines.
Proletariat - ANSWER-Workers
Emile Durkheim - ANSWER-Who succeeded in getting sociology recognized as a separate academic
discipline
*how social forces affect peoples behavior
*Social Integration
when all parts of society full their part it is in a "normal" state, if they do not fulfill their function it is in
an "abnormal" or pathological state. (functional analysis)
Social Integration - ANSWER-Degree to which people are tied to their social groups.
People with weaker social ties are more likely to commit suicide
Applying Durkheim - ANSWER-Patterns of behavior or recurring patterns or events
Max Weber - ANSWER-Who used cross culture and historical materials to trace the cause of social
change and how social groups affect peoples orientation to life
*disagreed with Karl Marx
*Roman Catholics taught to hold on to tradition, protestant taught to embrace change
*Protestant ethic
Protestant Ethic - ANSWER-*looked for sign they were in Gods good grace
*financial success-live frugal lives, saving ant investing money "the spirit of capitalism"
This brought about capitalism
, Harriet Martineau - ANSWER-*did writings because women were to focus on church, cooking, children
and clothes
*early female sociologist
*viewed sociology as a path to reform and improve society (stop lynchings, integrate immigrants,
improve working conditions)
W.E.B. DuBois - ANSWER-black sociologist
Jane Adams - ANSWER-Sociologist and social reformer
*came from wealth and privilege
*founded Hull House with Ellen Gates Starr
C. Wright Mills - ANSWER-pushed sociologist to go back to push social reform
Basic (or pure) sociology - ANSWER-sociological research for the purpose of making discoveries about
life in human groups, not for making changes in those groups
Applied Sociology - ANSWER-the use of sociology to solve problems from classroom integration and
family relationships to crime and pollution
Public Sociology - ANSWER-applying sociology for the public good; especially sociological perspective
(how things relate to one another) to guide politicians and policy makers
Theory - ANSWER-general statement about how some parts of the world fit together and how they
work; an explanation of how 2 or more facts are related to one another
Symbolic Interaction - ANSWER-theoretical perspective in which society is viewed as composed of
symbols that people use to establish meaning, develop their views of the world and communicate with
one another
