AFAA Personal Trainer Certification
Study Guide
Myocardial Infarction - correct answer ✔✔Hear attack occurs due to lack of blood flow through the
coronary arteries to the heart muscle
Ischemia - correct answer ✔✔la c k of bloo d fl ow
Stroke Volume - correct answer ✔✔the amount of blood pumped with each beat or systole
Cardiac Output - correct answer ✔✔heart rate x stroke volume. usually measured in liters (or milileters)
of blood pumped per minute
Venous Return - correct answer ✔✔The amount of blood returned to the heart by the veins
Valsalva Maneuver - correct answer ✔✔occurs when a person holds his or her breath during a strenuous
activity, such as lifting weights or shoveling snow
Minute Ventilation - correct answer ✔✔total a m o u nt of ai r b r e ath e d p e r m i n ute
Residual lung volume - correct answer ✔✔amount of air remaining in the lungs after a complete and
total fo r ce d e x h ale
Forced vital capacity - correct answer ✔✔amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a maximal
inahle
T otal lun g c a p a cit y - c o rr ect a n s w e r ✔✔sum of the residual volume and the forced vital capacity
Glu co s e - c o rr e ct a n s w e r ✔✔body's usable form of carbohydrate
,Lactic Acid - correct answer ✔✔produced in muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply
enough oxygen to the tissues
Glycol y si s - c o rr e ct a n s w e r ✔✔a metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars
through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the
form of ATP
Mitochondria - correct answer ✔✔a subcellular structure where oxidation takes place
Beta oxidation - correct answer ✔✔A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon
fragments that enter the citric acid cycle as acetyl CoA.
Krebs cycle - correct answer ✔✔the acetyl CoA formed in the first component of aerobic metabolism
enters into the citric acid cycle
E le ct r on t r an s po r t s y st e m - c o rr ect a n s w e r ✔✔the final sequence of reactions in the aerobic
production of ATP
Maximal oxygen uptake - correct answer ✔✔the maximum amount of oxygen consumed and utilized by
the body during an all-out effort to exhaustion
Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption - correct answer ✔✔additional oxygen consumed
immediately after an exercise bout when the body is no longer exercising
Sarcomere - correct answer ✔✔each section of a myofibril in muscle
Actin - correct answer ✔✔structural protein that makes up the thin filaments of myofibrils; functions in
muscle contraction
Anatomical Position - correct answer ✔✔standing position with hands down and palms facing forward
, Supine - correct answer ✔✔lyin g on th e s pin e
Prone - correct answer ✔✔lyin g fa c e d own
Axial Skeleton - correct answer ✔✔part of the skeleton that contains skull, vertebral column, ribs, and
sternum
Synovial joints - correct answer ✔✔have a small space between the articulating bones that allows for a
greater range of motion
Cartilage - correct answer ✔✔a white, semi-opaque, fibrous connective tissue that cushions the joints
and prevents wear on the joint surfaces
Synovial membrane - correct answer ✔✔secretes synovial fluid which provides nourishment,
lub r ic ati o n, a n d h y dr ota sti c c u s hionin g fo r th e joint
Bursae - correct answer ✔✔liq uid -fille d m e m b r a n e s th at p r ote ct s oft ti s s u e s a s th e y p a s s
by bony projections
Ligament - correct answer ✔✔band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone and provides joint
stability.
Tendon - correct answer ✔✔dense, fibrous connective tissue that forms the end of a muscle and
attaches muscle to bone
Fascia - correct answer ✔✔fibrous connective tissue that forms sheaths for individual muscles.
Circuit Weight Training - correct answer ✔✔resistance exercises performed one after the other without
rest for approximately 20 minutes
Muscular Strength - correct answer ✔✔maximum force a muscle or muscle group can generate at one
time
Study Guide
Myocardial Infarction - correct answer ✔✔Hear attack occurs due to lack of blood flow through the
coronary arteries to the heart muscle
Ischemia - correct answer ✔✔la c k of bloo d fl ow
Stroke Volume - correct answer ✔✔the amount of blood pumped with each beat or systole
Cardiac Output - correct answer ✔✔heart rate x stroke volume. usually measured in liters (or milileters)
of blood pumped per minute
Venous Return - correct answer ✔✔The amount of blood returned to the heart by the veins
Valsalva Maneuver - correct answer ✔✔occurs when a person holds his or her breath during a strenuous
activity, such as lifting weights or shoveling snow
Minute Ventilation - correct answer ✔✔total a m o u nt of ai r b r e ath e d p e r m i n ute
Residual lung volume - correct answer ✔✔amount of air remaining in the lungs after a complete and
total fo r ce d e x h ale
Forced vital capacity - correct answer ✔✔amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a maximal
inahle
T otal lun g c a p a cit y - c o rr ect a n s w e r ✔✔sum of the residual volume and the forced vital capacity
Glu co s e - c o rr e ct a n s w e r ✔✔body's usable form of carbohydrate
,Lactic Acid - correct answer ✔✔produced in muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply
enough oxygen to the tissues
Glycol y si s - c o rr e ct a n s w e r ✔✔a metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars
through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the
form of ATP
Mitochondria - correct answer ✔✔a subcellular structure where oxidation takes place
Beta oxidation - correct answer ✔✔A metabolic sequence that breaks fatty acids down to two-carbon
fragments that enter the citric acid cycle as acetyl CoA.
Krebs cycle - correct answer ✔✔the acetyl CoA formed in the first component of aerobic metabolism
enters into the citric acid cycle
E le ct r on t r an s po r t s y st e m - c o rr ect a n s w e r ✔✔the final sequence of reactions in the aerobic
production of ATP
Maximal oxygen uptake - correct answer ✔✔the maximum amount of oxygen consumed and utilized by
the body during an all-out effort to exhaustion
Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption - correct answer ✔✔additional oxygen consumed
immediately after an exercise bout when the body is no longer exercising
Sarcomere - correct answer ✔✔each section of a myofibril in muscle
Actin - correct answer ✔✔structural protein that makes up the thin filaments of myofibrils; functions in
muscle contraction
Anatomical Position - correct answer ✔✔standing position with hands down and palms facing forward
, Supine - correct answer ✔✔lyin g on th e s pin e
Prone - correct answer ✔✔lyin g fa c e d own
Axial Skeleton - correct answer ✔✔part of the skeleton that contains skull, vertebral column, ribs, and
sternum
Synovial joints - correct answer ✔✔have a small space between the articulating bones that allows for a
greater range of motion
Cartilage - correct answer ✔✔a white, semi-opaque, fibrous connective tissue that cushions the joints
and prevents wear on the joint surfaces
Synovial membrane - correct answer ✔✔secretes synovial fluid which provides nourishment,
lub r ic ati o n, a n d h y dr ota sti c c u s hionin g fo r th e joint
Bursae - correct answer ✔✔liq uid -fille d m e m b r a n e s th at p r ote ct s oft ti s s u e s a s th e y p a s s
by bony projections
Ligament - correct answer ✔✔band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone and provides joint
stability.
Tendon - correct answer ✔✔dense, fibrous connective tissue that forms the end of a muscle and
attaches muscle to bone
Fascia - correct answer ✔✔fibrous connective tissue that forms sheaths for individual muscles.
Circuit Weight Training - correct answer ✔✔resistance exercises performed one after the other without
rest for approximately 20 minutes
Muscular Strength - correct answer ✔✔maximum force a muscle or muscle group can generate at one
time
