ANATOMY - STOTT PILATES EXAM PREPARATION
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEW
GUIDE 2024-2025
Which muscles oppose each other on the anteriorposterior sides of the foot? - Anterior:
Dorsiflexors
Posterior: Plantar Flexors
Which muscles oppose each other on the later and rotary sides of the foot? - Lateral: Tibialis
Peroneals
What is the function of Tibialis anterior? - dorsiflexing and inverting the foot’
.
What is the function of the peroneas muscles? - Primarily responsible for eversion of the foot.
peroneus longus and brevis plantarflex the foot, while the peroneus tertius dorsiflexes it.
What are the opposing anteroposterior muscles of the knee? - The hamstrings, gastrocnemius and
the popliteus oppose the hamstrings.
The transverse plane divides the body into and segments. - Superior and inferior segments of
the body
The Frontal plane divides the body into and segments. – Anterior and posterior (front/back)
segments.
The sagital plane divides the body into and segments - Left and right segments
Medial is a directional term for: - Closest to the midline of the body.
Lateral is a directional term for: - Away from the midline of the body
Proximal/central means to the trunk or midline of the body. - closer
, Distal/peripheral means from the trunk or midline of the body. - away
Superior is a directional term for: - above or towards the head
Inferior is a directional term for: - Below or away from the head
Anterior refers to - front of the body
Posterior refers to - back of the body
Superficial refers to - towards the surface of the skin / outer most layer
Deep refers to - inside the body (internal)
surfaces of the body towards each other.
anterior surfaces of the body away from each other.
Lateral spinal flexion moves the spine in which direction? - Side to side
Rotational movements happen around which central point? - The axis of the spine.
List the 4 actions of the neck (cervical spine) - Flexion Extension
Lateral flexion Rotation
Describe the action of shoulder flexion and extension. - Arm reaches up overhead (vertical flexion)
Arm reaches back behind the body (vertical extension)
Describe the actions of shoulder abduction and adduction. - Arm moves away from the midline
(abduction)
Arm moves towards the midline (adduction)
* can also done horizontally as in when client is supine.
Describe the actions of internal rotation and external rotation of the shoulder. - Internal rotation -
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEW
GUIDE 2024-2025
Which muscles oppose each other on the anteriorposterior sides of the foot? - Anterior:
Dorsiflexors
Posterior: Plantar Flexors
Which muscles oppose each other on the later and rotary sides of the foot? - Lateral: Tibialis
Peroneals
What is the function of Tibialis anterior? - dorsiflexing and inverting the foot’
.
What is the function of the peroneas muscles? - Primarily responsible for eversion of the foot.
peroneus longus and brevis plantarflex the foot, while the peroneus tertius dorsiflexes it.
What are the opposing anteroposterior muscles of the knee? - The hamstrings, gastrocnemius and
the popliteus oppose the hamstrings.
The transverse plane divides the body into and segments. - Superior and inferior segments of
the body
The Frontal plane divides the body into and segments. – Anterior and posterior (front/back)
segments.
The sagital plane divides the body into and segments - Left and right segments
Medial is a directional term for: - Closest to the midline of the body.
Lateral is a directional term for: - Away from the midline of the body
Proximal/central means to the trunk or midline of the body. - closer
, Distal/peripheral means from the trunk or midline of the body. - away
Superior is a directional term for: - above or towards the head
Inferior is a directional term for: - Below or away from the head
Anterior refers to - front of the body
Posterior refers to - back of the body
Superficial refers to - towards the surface of the skin / outer most layer
Deep refers to - inside the body (internal)
surfaces of the body towards each other.
anterior surfaces of the body away from each other.
Lateral spinal flexion moves the spine in which direction? - Side to side
Rotational movements happen around which central point? - The axis of the spine.
List the 4 actions of the neck (cervical spine) - Flexion Extension
Lateral flexion Rotation
Describe the action of shoulder flexion and extension. - Arm reaches up overhead (vertical flexion)
Arm reaches back behind the body (vertical extension)
Describe the actions of shoulder abduction and adduction. - Arm moves away from the midline
(abduction)
Arm moves towards the midline (adduction)
* can also done horizontally as in when client is supine.
Describe the actions of internal rotation and external rotation of the shoulder. - Internal rotation -
