Edelman CCI Questions and Answers
When transporting a patient with a urinary catheter the bag should always be: - Answer
-Below the patients bladder
A 52 year old woman develops a murmur after a myocardial infarction. What is the most
likely etiology? - Answer -Ventricular Septal Defect
How do you position a patient for using a PEDOF probe along the right sternal border? -
Answer -Right lateral decubitus
A patient with down syndrome (trisomy 21) is referred to your lab for an echo. Which of
the following cardiac defects would you likely find? - Answer -Atrioventricular canal
defect
Which of the following choices would NOT be used to correct for pulsed wave doppler
aliasing?
A) Shift the baseline
B) Use continuous wave
C) Use a higher frequency probe
D) Decrease sample volume depth - Answer -Use a higher frequency probe
During pharmacological echo stress test using Dobutamine which drug is given if the
patient doesn't reach target heart rate?
a. Inderal
b. Atropine
c. Captopril
D. Verpamil - Answer -Atropine
How do you position a patient for a TEE exam? - Answer -Left lateral decubitus
A patient with AIDS might present with what type of cardiomyopathy?
A) Dilated
B) Restrictive
C) Infiltrative
D) Hypertrophic - Answer -Dilated
,In a patient with COPD which frequency transducer would most likely result in the best
images?
A) 2.25 MHz
B) 2.5 MHz
C) 3.0 MHz
D) 4.0 MHz - Answer -2.25 MHz
If you measure the LVOT too big, how will this affect your measurement for aortic area?
- Answer -Area is too large
A 3 year old patient comes to the lab with a systolic murmur. What is the most likely
etiology?
A) Atrial septal defect
B) Ventricular septal defect
C) Patent ductus ateriosus
D) Patent foramen ovale - Answer -Ventricular septal defect
Which is the best stress echo technique for revealing hibernating or stunned
myocardium?
A) Bike exercise
B) Treadmill exercise
C) Leg lifts
D) Dobutamine - Answer -Dobutamine
You are in the emergency department and a patient presents with the signs and
symptoms of aortic dissection. Which modality would give you the most rapid
diagnosis?
A) CT
B) MRI
C) TEE
D) X-Ray - Answer -TEE
Which is the proper term when the pulmonic valve is removed and put in the place of
the aortic valve in the same patient?
A) Homograft
B) Allograft
C) Autograft
D) Xenograft - Answer -Autograft
Know that pericarditis (pericardial effusions) can present with positional chest pain -
Answer -
What is the 1st structure seen when imaging from the suprasternal notch? - Answer -
Aortic arch
Which of the following drugs is used in nuclear stress tests?
,A) Inderal
B) Thallium
C) Gadolinium
D Atropine - Answer -Thallium
Which of the following is the most important echo to do?
A) CHF
B) Murmur
C) Murmur post MI
D) SOB - Answer -Murmur post MI
Given tricuspid regurgitation with 60 mmHg gradient grade the severity of pulmonary
hypertension:
a. none
b. mild
c. moderate
d. severe - Answer -Severe
What is normal peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer -18-40 mmHg
What is mild peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer -40-54 mmHg
What is moderate peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer -55-64 mmHg
What is severe peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer ->65 mmHg
Normal IVC & collapses with "sniff" - Answer -3 mmHg
Indeterminate-unable to sniff or IVC collapses <20% - Answer -8 mmHg
Dilated (>2.1 cm) & doesn't collapse 50% - Answer -15 mmHg
Your patient has PHTN with a dilated IVC (3 cm) which collapsed 50% with sniff.
Estimate the RA pressure. - Answer -8 mmHg
What is the most common type of pulmonic stenosis? - Answer -Congenital
What is the most rare type of pulmonic stenosis? - Answer -Rheumatic
What is Noonan Syndrome? - Answer -Classified as a cardiofacial syndrome with
Pulmonic Stenosis, HCM and ASD (30%)
What would M-Mode look like on a patient with pulmonic stenosis? - Answer -May show
an increase in the pulmonic "a" dip of more than 7mm.
Does pulmonic stenosis cause pulmonary hypertension? - Answer -No
, In PHTN, what happens to the "a" dip? - Answer -It disappears
What is the normal pulmonary velocity? - Answer -About 1m/sec
If unable to obtain PS gradient from the parasternal window, where else can you go? -
Answer -Subcostal short axis
What is the most common type of mitral stenosis? - Answer -Rheumatic (commissural
fusion)
What does MS murmur sound like? - Answer -Low frequency "diastolic rumble" with an
opening snap.
Patients with mitral stenosis often develop? - Answer -Atrial Fibrillation, which might
cause them to lose 50% of diastolic filling since they are very dependent on atrial
contraction.
If a patient has mitral stenosis, how will the mitral valve leaflets appear? - Answer -
Tethered valve leaflet tips with "hockey stick" presentation
Which cardiac valve is the second most common to be affected by rheumatic heart
disease? - Answer -Aortic
What are some characteristics of M-Mode on a mitral stenosis patient? - Answer -1.
Decreased E-F slope
2. Anterior motion of the posterior leaflet
3. Reduced amplitude of "E" wave
4. Multiple echoes
What is the normal mitral valve area? - Answer -4-5 cm2
What would the mitral valve area be on a patient with severe mitral stenosis? - Answer -
<1 cm2
With atrial fibrillation mitral stenosis velocity calculations are best performed: - Answer -
Averaged over 5-10 beats
In the PSAX view which method is used to assess the mitral valve area? - Answer -
Planimetry
How is mitral valve area calculated? - Answer -220/Pressure half time
220 is an empirical number
Given a mitral pressure half-time of 400 m/sec what would the area be?
A. 0.5 cm2
When transporting a patient with a urinary catheter the bag should always be: - Answer
-Below the patients bladder
A 52 year old woman develops a murmur after a myocardial infarction. What is the most
likely etiology? - Answer -Ventricular Septal Defect
How do you position a patient for using a PEDOF probe along the right sternal border? -
Answer -Right lateral decubitus
A patient with down syndrome (trisomy 21) is referred to your lab for an echo. Which of
the following cardiac defects would you likely find? - Answer -Atrioventricular canal
defect
Which of the following choices would NOT be used to correct for pulsed wave doppler
aliasing?
A) Shift the baseline
B) Use continuous wave
C) Use a higher frequency probe
D) Decrease sample volume depth - Answer -Use a higher frequency probe
During pharmacological echo stress test using Dobutamine which drug is given if the
patient doesn't reach target heart rate?
a. Inderal
b. Atropine
c. Captopril
D. Verpamil - Answer -Atropine
How do you position a patient for a TEE exam? - Answer -Left lateral decubitus
A patient with AIDS might present with what type of cardiomyopathy?
A) Dilated
B) Restrictive
C) Infiltrative
D) Hypertrophic - Answer -Dilated
,In a patient with COPD which frequency transducer would most likely result in the best
images?
A) 2.25 MHz
B) 2.5 MHz
C) 3.0 MHz
D) 4.0 MHz - Answer -2.25 MHz
If you measure the LVOT too big, how will this affect your measurement for aortic area?
- Answer -Area is too large
A 3 year old patient comes to the lab with a systolic murmur. What is the most likely
etiology?
A) Atrial septal defect
B) Ventricular septal defect
C) Patent ductus ateriosus
D) Patent foramen ovale - Answer -Ventricular septal defect
Which is the best stress echo technique for revealing hibernating or stunned
myocardium?
A) Bike exercise
B) Treadmill exercise
C) Leg lifts
D) Dobutamine - Answer -Dobutamine
You are in the emergency department and a patient presents with the signs and
symptoms of aortic dissection. Which modality would give you the most rapid
diagnosis?
A) CT
B) MRI
C) TEE
D) X-Ray - Answer -TEE
Which is the proper term when the pulmonic valve is removed and put in the place of
the aortic valve in the same patient?
A) Homograft
B) Allograft
C) Autograft
D) Xenograft - Answer -Autograft
Know that pericarditis (pericardial effusions) can present with positional chest pain -
Answer -
What is the 1st structure seen when imaging from the suprasternal notch? - Answer -
Aortic arch
Which of the following drugs is used in nuclear stress tests?
,A) Inderal
B) Thallium
C) Gadolinium
D Atropine - Answer -Thallium
Which of the following is the most important echo to do?
A) CHF
B) Murmur
C) Murmur post MI
D) SOB - Answer -Murmur post MI
Given tricuspid regurgitation with 60 mmHg gradient grade the severity of pulmonary
hypertension:
a. none
b. mild
c. moderate
d. severe - Answer -Severe
What is normal peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer -18-40 mmHg
What is mild peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer -40-54 mmHg
What is moderate peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer -55-64 mmHg
What is severe peak pulmonary artery pressure? - Answer ->65 mmHg
Normal IVC & collapses with "sniff" - Answer -3 mmHg
Indeterminate-unable to sniff or IVC collapses <20% - Answer -8 mmHg
Dilated (>2.1 cm) & doesn't collapse 50% - Answer -15 mmHg
Your patient has PHTN with a dilated IVC (3 cm) which collapsed 50% with sniff.
Estimate the RA pressure. - Answer -8 mmHg
What is the most common type of pulmonic stenosis? - Answer -Congenital
What is the most rare type of pulmonic stenosis? - Answer -Rheumatic
What is Noonan Syndrome? - Answer -Classified as a cardiofacial syndrome with
Pulmonic Stenosis, HCM and ASD (30%)
What would M-Mode look like on a patient with pulmonic stenosis? - Answer -May show
an increase in the pulmonic "a" dip of more than 7mm.
Does pulmonic stenosis cause pulmonary hypertension? - Answer -No
, In PHTN, what happens to the "a" dip? - Answer -It disappears
What is the normal pulmonary velocity? - Answer -About 1m/sec
If unable to obtain PS gradient from the parasternal window, where else can you go? -
Answer -Subcostal short axis
What is the most common type of mitral stenosis? - Answer -Rheumatic (commissural
fusion)
What does MS murmur sound like? - Answer -Low frequency "diastolic rumble" with an
opening snap.
Patients with mitral stenosis often develop? - Answer -Atrial Fibrillation, which might
cause them to lose 50% of diastolic filling since they are very dependent on atrial
contraction.
If a patient has mitral stenosis, how will the mitral valve leaflets appear? - Answer -
Tethered valve leaflet tips with "hockey stick" presentation
Which cardiac valve is the second most common to be affected by rheumatic heart
disease? - Answer -Aortic
What are some characteristics of M-Mode on a mitral stenosis patient? - Answer -1.
Decreased E-F slope
2. Anterior motion of the posterior leaflet
3. Reduced amplitude of "E" wave
4. Multiple echoes
What is the normal mitral valve area? - Answer -4-5 cm2
What would the mitral valve area be on a patient with severe mitral stenosis? - Answer -
<1 cm2
With atrial fibrillation mitral stenosis velocity calculations are best performed: - Answer -
Averaged over 5-10 beats
In the PSAX view which method is used to assess the mitral valve area? - Answer -
Planimetry
How is mitral valve area calculated? - Answer -220/Pressure half time
220 is an empirical number
Given a mitral pressure half-time of 400 m/sec what would the area be?
A. 0.5 cm2
