NUR 2115 NEWEST EXAM 2024-2025 WITH QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Public health - ANSWER the organized efforts of society to keep people healthy and
prevent injury, illness and premature death. Includes programs, services and policies
that protect and promote the health of all Canadians
Focus of Public Health Professionals (Under the chief public health officer) - ANSWER
- Promote health;
- Prevent and control chronic diseases and injuries;
- Prevent and control infectious diseases;
- Prepare for and respond to public health emergencies;
- Serve as a central point for sharing Canada's expertise with the rest of the world;
- Apply international research and development to Canada's public health programs
- Strengthen intergovernmental collaboration on public health and facilitate national
approaches to the public health policy and planning
Public Health Nursing Competencies - ANSWER 1. Public health and nursing science.
2. Assessment and analysis.
3. Policy and program planning, implementation, and evaluation.
4. Partnerships, collaboration, and advocacy.
5. Diversity and inclusiveness.
6. Communication.
7. Leadership.
8. Professional responsibility and accountability
Leadership Competencies for Public Health Practice - ANSWER 1. systems
transformation,
2. achieve results,
3. lead self,
4. engage others, and
5. develop coalition
Six essential functions of public health - ANSWER 1. health protection,
2. health surveillance,
3. population health assessment,
4. disease and injury prevention,
5. health promotion, and
6. emergency preparation and response
Ethics - ANSWER Values, norms, moral principles, virtues, and traditions that guide
human conduct
Bioethics - ANSWER ethical issues that are related to health and healthcare
,Social justice - ANSWER the fair distribution of society's benefits, responsibilities, and
their consequences. It focuses on the relative position of one social group in relationship
to others in society, as well as on the root causes of disparities and what can be done to
eliminate them
Social Justice: Ten defining attributes - ANSWER 1. Equity
2. Human rights
3. Democracy and Civil Rights
4. Capacity Building
5. Just Institutions
6. Enabling Environments
7. Poverty Reduction
8. Ethical Practice
9. Advocacy
10. Partnerships
Equity - ANSWER Based on the treatment of all individuals, which includes equitable
access and opportunity to meet health needs
Human rights - ANSWER Defined by the UN Declaration of Human Rights, and the
Canadian Charter
Democracy and Civil Rights - ANSWER Outlined in the Canadian Bill of Rights.
Democracy and civil rights exist when all have qual rights and power resides in the
people and is not based on hereditary or arbitrary differences in privilege or rank.
Capacity building - ANSWER Giving strength to individual and institutional skills,
capabilities, knowledge, and experience through coaching, training, resource
networking, and technical support. Strengthens the ability of an individual, an
organization, a community, or a health system to develop and implement health
promotion initiatives and sustain positive health outcomes over time.
Just Institutions - ANSWER Engage in practices and the fair treatment of all
individuals in institutions
Enabling environments - ANSWER Supports positive change, community
empowerment, and policy development
Poverty reduction - ANSWER the reduction of poverty through projects, programs,
and structural reforms of an economic, social, or political nature increases the standard
of living and the social and political participation of the poor
Ethical practice - ANSWER CNA code of ethics defines ethical practice for nurses
,Advocacy - ANSWER Involves the active support of individual rights and positive
policy or system change
Partnerships - ANSWER Partnerships that foster social justice are based on the
equitable sharing of roles and responsibilities among institutions and individuals across
sectors.
Professional Power - ANSWER the influence stemming form the professional position
we hold. It is the ability to have an impact on the state of being a person - physically,
mentally, emotionally, psychologically, spiritually - in the context of the professional role
Social control - ANSWER the social processes by which the behaviour of individuals
or group is regulated. Since all societies have norm and rules governing conduct, all
equally have some mechanisms for ensuring conformity to those norms and for dealing
with deviance
Medicalization - ANSWER the process of identification of an undesirable social
condition or mental stat as a medical problem subject to treatment. Studies of
medicalization point ot the historical and cultural specificity of many so called diseases
(ex. homosexuality)
Ethical Principles for Public Health Interventions - ANSWER 1. Harm principle
2. Least restrictive or coercive means
3. Reciprocity
4. Transparency
Empowerment - ANSWER Refers to the process of enabling communities to increase
control over their lives; and refers to the process by which people gain control over the
factors and decisions that shape their lives. It is the process by which they increase
their assets and attributes and build capacities to gain access, partner, networks and
voice, in order to gain control
Cycle of oppression - ANSWER 1. Biased information
2. Stereotype
3. Prejudice
4. Discrimination
5. Oppression
Canadian Community as Partner Model - ANSWER - Assessment,
- Analysis,
- Diagnosis,
- Planning,
- Intervention,
- Evaluation
, Epp Report (Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion) - ANSWER
Three mechanisms of health promotion:
- selfcare,
- Actions people take to help each other cope,
- healthy environments
Five Actions for health promotion - ANSWER 1. Building healthy public policy,
2. Creating supportive environments for health,
3. Strengthening community action.
4. Developing personal skills.
5. Reorienting health services toward preventing diseases and promoting health
Population health promotion - ANSWER A process of taking action on the interrelated
conditions that affect a population's health to create healthy change
PHPM Action strategies - ANSWER 1. Building healthy public policy
2. strengthen community action
3. create supportive environments
4. develop personal skills,
5. reorient health services
PHPM Level of Action - ANSWER 1. Society
2. Structural/system
3. Community
4. Family
5. Individual
population health approach - ANSWER identifies and takes action to improve the root
causes of health issues that impact the health of the overall population
population health indicators - ANSWER used to measure the health of populations as
well as progress made toward creating healthier citizens.
population health interventions - ANSWER include policy and program development
to address social, economic, and physical environment factors that influence people's
decision making
harm reduction - ANSWER A philosophy and approach to healthcare delivery,
programs, or policies, implemented with a goal to protect the health of, and reduce
secondary harm for, individuals who engage in high-risk activities that are associated
with poor health outcomes. The goal is not cessation of high risk behaviours, but to
reduce the more immediate harms arising from the behaviour.
Health belief model - ANSWER - There is a greater probability of people making
healthy choices if they believe that:
1. they have a high risk of getting the disease,
ANSWERS
Public health - ANSWER the organized efforts of society to keep people healthy and
prevent injury, illness and premature death. Includes programs, services and policies
that protect and promote the health of all Canadians
Focus of Public Health Professionals (Under the chief public health officer) - ANSWER
- Promote health;
- Prevent and control chronic diseases and injuries;
- Prevent and control infectious diseases;
- Prepare for and respond to public health emergencies;
- Serve as a central point for sharing Canada's expertise with the rest of the world;
- Apply international research and development to Canada's public health programs
- Strengthen intergovernmental collaboration on public health and facilitate national
approaches to the public health policy and planning
Public Health Nursing Competencies - ANSWER 1. Public health and nursing science.
2. Assessment and analysis.
3. Policy and program planning, implementation, and evaluation.
4. Partnerships, collaboration, and advocacy.
5. Diversity and inclusiveness.
6. Communication.
7. Leadership.
8. Professional responsibility and accountability
Leadership Competencies for Public Health Practice - ANSWER 1. systems
transformation,
2. achieve results,
3. lead self,
4. engage others, and
5. develop coalition
Six essential functions of public health - ANSWER 1. health protection,
2. health surveillance,
3. population health assessment,
4. disease and injury prevention,
5. health promotion, and
6. emergency preparation and response
Ethics - ANSWER Values, norms, moral principles, virtues, and traditions that guide
human conduct
Bioethics - ANSWER ethical issues that are related to health and healthcare
,Social justice - ANSWER the fair distribution of society's benefits, responsibilities, and
their consequences. It focuses on the relative position of one social group in relationship
to others in society, as well as on the root causes of disparities and what can be done to
eliminate them
Social Justice: Ten defining attributes - ANSWER 1. Equity
2. Human rights
3. Democracy and Civil Rights
4. Capacity Building
5. Just Institutions
6. Enabling Environments
7. Poverty Reduction
8. Ethical Practice
9. Advocacy
10. Partnerships
Equity - ANSWER Based on the treatment of all individuals, which includes equitable
access and opportunity to meet health needs
Human rights - ANSWER Defined by the UN Declaration of Human Rights, and the
Canadian Charter
Democracy and Civil Rights - ANSWER Outlined in the Canadian Bill of Rights.
Democracy and civil rights exist when all have qual rights and power resides in the
people and is not based on hereditary or arbitrary differences in privilege or rank.
Capacity building - ANSWER Giving strength to individual and institutional skills,
capabilities, knowledge, and experience through coaching, training, resource
networking, and technical support. Strengthens the ability of an individual, an
organization, a community, or a health system to develop and implement health
promotion initiatives and sustain positive health outcomes over time.
Just Institutions - ANSWER Engage in practices and the fair treatment of all
individuals in institutions
Enabling environments - ANSWER Supports positive change, community
empowerment, and policy development
Poverty reduction - ANSWER the reduction of poverty through projects, programs,
and structural reforms of an economic, social, or political nature increases the standard
of living and the social and political participation of the poor
Ethical practice - ANSWER CNA code of ethics defines ethical practice for nurses
,Advocacy - ANSWER Involves the active support of individual rights and positive
policy or system change
Partnerships - ANSWER Partnerships that foster social justice are based on the
equitable sharing of roles and responsibilities among institutions and individuals across
sectors.
Professional Power - ANSWER the influence stemming form the professional position
we hold. It is the ability to have an impact on the state of being a person - physically,
mentally, emotionally, psychologically, spiritually - in the context of the professional role
Social control - ANSWER the social processes by which the behaviour of individuals
or group is regulated. Since all societies have norm and rules governing conduct, all
equally have some mechanisms for ensuring conformity to those norms and for dealing
with deviance
Medicalization - ANSWER the process of identification of an undesirable social
condition or mental stat as a medical problem subject to treatment. Studies of
medicalization point ot the historical and cultural specificity of many so called diseases
(ex. homosexuality)
Ethical Principles for Public Health Interventions - ANSWER 1. Harm principle
2. Least restrictive or coercive means
3. Reciprocity
4. Transparency
Empowerment - ANSWER Refers to the process of enabling communities to increase
control over their lives; and refers to the process by which people gain control over the
factors and decisions that shape their lives. It is the process by which they increase
their assets and attributes and build capacities to gain access, partner, networks and
voice, in order to gain control
Cycle of oppression - ANSWER 1. Biased information
2. Stereotype
3. Prejudice
4. Discrimination
5. Oppression
Canadian Community as Partner Model - ANSWER - Assessment,
- Analysis,
- Diagnosis,
- Planning,
- Intervention,
- Evaluation
, Epp Report (Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion) - ANSWER
Three mechanisms of health promotion:
- selfcare,
- Actions people take to help each other cope,
- healthy environments
Five Actions for health promotion - ANSWER 1. Building healthy public policy,
2. Creating supportive environments for health,
3. Strengthening community action.
4. Developing personal skills.
5. Reorienting health services toward preventing diseases and promoting health
Population health promotion - ANSWER A process of taking action on the interrelated
conditions that affect a population's health to create healthy change
PHPM Action strategies - ANSWER 1. Building healthy public policy
2. strengthen community action
3. create supportive environments
4. develop personal skills,
5. reorient health services
PHPM Level of Action - ANSWER 1. Society
2. Structural/system
3. Community
4. Family
5. Individual
population health approach - ANSWER identifies and takes action to improve the root
causes of health issues that impact the health of the overall population
population health indicators - ANSWER used to measure the health of populations as
well as progress made toward creating healthier citizens.
population health interventions - ANSWER include policy and program development
to address social, economic, and physical environment factors that influence people's
decision making
harm reduction - ANSWER A philosophy and approach to healthcare delivery,
programs, or policies, implemented with a goal to protect the health of, and reduce
secondary harm for, individuals who engage in high-risk activities that are associated
with poor health outcomes. The goal is not cessation of high risk behaviours, but to
reduce the more immediate harms arising from the behaviour.
Health belief model - ANSWER - There is a greater probability of people making
healthy choices if they believe that:
1. they have a high risk of getting the disease,
