PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FULL COVERED
EXAM WITH ANSWERS
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER-The maintenance of
stable internal conditions, regardless of external changes
-good health is maintained w/ proper regulation
-disease may develop if interrupted
Health indicators - CORRECT ANSWER-standard statistics
that are used to measure and compare health status
Normal values occur within a range of values, and may vary
depending on technoloy used for measurement
Adjustments may be caused by age, gender, genetics,
environment, and activity level
Prevention of disease - CORRECT ANSWER--maintaining
routine vaccination programs
-participation in screening programs
-community health programs
-regular routine doctor visits
Stages of research process - CORRECT ANSWER-Stage 1
-basic science explored
-ID of technology to be used
-work done in the laboratory
-animal cell tissue cultures
Stage 2
-small number of human subjects
,Stage 3
-clinical trials
-involving large number of patients with disease or risk of the
disease
-double blind studies
Components of a proper medical history - CORRECT
ANSWER--current and prior illnesses
-allergies
-hospitalizations
-treatments
-specific difficulties
-any type of therapy or drugs used
Gross level - CORRECT ANSWER-Organ or system level
Microscopic level - CORRECT ANSWER-Cellular level
Biopsy - CORRECT ANSWER-excision of small amounts of
living tissue
Autopsy - CORRECT ANSWER-Examination of the body and
organs after death
Etiology - CORRECT ANSWER-cause of disease
-congenital defects
-inherited or genetic disorders
-microorganisms
-immunologic dysfunctions
-degenerative changes
-malignancy
-metabolic, nutritional problems
-trauma, burns, environmental factors
Idiopathic - CORRECT ANSWER-unknown cause
, Iatrogenic - CORRECT ANSWER-produced by treatment
-may cause a certain disease
Predisposing factors - CORRECT ANSWER-Age, gender,
inherited factors, environment
Prophylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER-prevention, preserve
health, prevent the spread of the disease
Pathogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER-development of disease
Onset of disease - CORRECT ANSWER--sudden/acute
-insidious: gradual, vague, or mild signs
Acute disease - CORRECT ANSWER--short term, develops
quickly
-high fever, severe pain, etc.,
Chronic disease - CORRECT ANSWER--develops gradually
-usually milder symptoms, often intermittently with acute
episodes
Sub clinical state - CORRECT ANSWER-Pathologic changes
occur, no obvious manifestations
Latent state - CORRECT ANSWER-no symptoms or clinical
signs evident
-in infectious diseases, referred to as the incubation period
Prodromal period - CORRECT ANSWER-short period after
incubation; early, mild symptoms
Manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-signs and symptoms of
disease
-clinical evidence
-local and systemic indications
EXAM WITH ANSWERS
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER-The maintenance of
stable internal conditions, regardless of external changes
-good health is maintained w/ proper regulation
-disease may develop if interrupted
Health indicators - CORRECT ANSWER-standard statistics
that are used to measure and compare health status
Normal values occur within a range of values, and may vary
depending on technoloy used for measurement
Adjustments may be caused by age, gender, genetics,
environment, and activity level
Prevention of disease - CORRECT ANSWER--maintaining
routine vaccination programs
-participation in screening programs
-community health programs
-regular routine doctor visits
Stages of research process - CORRECT ANSWER-Stage 1
-basic science explored
-ID of technology to be used
-work done in the laboratory
-animal cell tissue cultures
Stage 2
-small number of human subjects
,Stage 3
-clinical trials
-involving large number of patients with disease or risk of the
disease
-double blind studies
Components of a proper medical history - CORRECT
ANSWER--current and prior illnesses
-allergies
-hospitalizations
-treatments
-specific difficulties
-any type of therapy or drugs used
Gross level - CORRECT ANSWER-Organ or system level
Microscopic level - CORRECT ANSWER-Cellular level
Biopsy - CORRECT ANSWER-excision of small amounts of
living tissue
Autopsy - CORRECT ANSWER-Examination of the body and
organs after death
Etiology - CORRECT ANSWER-cause of disease
-congenital defects
-inherited or genetic disorders
-microorganisms
-immunologic dysfunctions
-degenerative changes
-malignancy
-metabolic, nutritional problems
-trauma, burns, environmental factors
Idiopathic - CORRECT ANSWER-unknown cause
, Iatrogenic - CORRECT ANSWER-produced by treatment
-may cause a certain disease
Predisposing factors - CORRECT ANSWER-Age, gender,
inherited factors, environment
Prophylaxis - CORRECT ANSWER-prevention, preserve
health, prevent the spread of the disease
Pathogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER-development of disease
Onset of disease - CORRECT ANSWER--sudden/acute
-insidious: gradual, vague, or mild signs
Acute disease - CORRECT ANSWER--short term, develops
quickly
-high fever, severe pain, etc.,
Chronic disease - CORRECT ANSWER--develops gradually
-usually milder symptoms, often intermittently with acute
episodes
Sub clinical state - CORRECT ANSWER-Pathologic changes
occur, no obvious manifestations
Latent state - CORRECT ANSWER-no symptoms or clinical
signs evident
-in infectious diseases, referred to as the incubation period
Prodromal period - CORRECT ANSWER-short period after
incubation; early, mild symptoms
Manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-signs and symptoms of
disease
-clinical evidence
-local and systemic indications
