HESI MILESTONE
EXAM 1-
QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
VERIFIED 2024/2025
GRADED A+
1
,Histamine1 blockers action(mine, zine, dine)
Correct Answer: bind selectively to H1-histaminic receptors, blocking the actions of
histamine at these sites
H1 antagonists are useful in treating
Correct Answer: -mild allergies(seasonal
rhinitis)
-severe allergies(anaphylaxis)
-motion sickness
-insomnia
-common cold
Histamine (H2)-Receptor Antagonists action(tidine)
Correct Answer: block the H2 receptors responsible for stimulating the secretion of
gastric acid
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia
Correct -can occur right after
Answer: meals
-for severe hypoglycemia give IV dextrose
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia teaching
Correct -teach about s/s of hypoglycemia(cold and clammy give them
Answer: candy)
-have glucagon emergency kit available
-regular monitoring of A1c levels are required
1
,Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia causes
Correct Answer: -insulin
overdose
-reduced food intake
-vomiting and diarrhea
-excessive alcohol intake
-unaccustomed exercise
-termination of pregnancy
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: -
tachycardia
-palpitations
-sweating
-nervousness
-headache
-confusion
-drowsiness
-fatigue
antitussives therapeutic action is to
Correct Answer: Act on the cough control center in the medulla to suppress the
cough reflex; used for a cough that is nonproductive and irritating
Anaphylaxis‐PCN
Correct Answer: -laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe hypotension=
immediate hypersensitivity reaction
1
, Anaphylaxis treatment
Correct epinephrine (subQ, IM, or IV) plus respiratory
Answer: support
What drugs are effective and safe alternatives for patients with penicillin allergies?
Correct vancomycin, erythromycin, and
Answer: clindamycin
To ensure prompt treatment if anaphylaxis should develop patients should be?
Correct Answer: observed for at least 30 minutes after drug injection (i.e., until the
risk of an anaphylactic reaction has passed).
To minimize the chances of an anaphylactic reaction, penicillin should be administered
Correct Answer: an initial small dose is followed at 60-minute intervals
by
progressively larger doses until the full therapeutic dose has been achieved
Morphine overdose treatment
Correct Answer: -Naloxone (narcan)
-Intravenous, IM, and subQ. For initial treatment, administer IV
CT‐diarrhea‐action
Correct Answer: -decrease intestinal motility and thereby slow intestinal transit, which
allows more time for absorption of fluid and electrolytes
-activation of opioid receptors decreases secretion of fluid into the small intestine and
increases absorption of fluid and salt.
ACE inhibitor‐hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: -Inhibition of aldosterone release (secondary to inhibition of
angiotensin II production) can cause potassium retention by the kidney.
1
EXAM 1-
QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
VERIFIED 2024/2025
GRADED A+
1
,Histamine1 blockers action(mine, zine, dine)
Correct Answer: bind selectively to H1-histaminic receptors, blocking the actions of
histamine at these sites
H1 antagonists are useful in treating
Correct Answer: -mild allergies(seasonal
rhinitis)
-severe allergies(anaphylaxis)
-motion sickness
-insomnia
-common cold
Histamine (H2)-Receptor Antagonists action(tidine)
Correct Answer: block the H2 receptors responsible for stimulating the secretion of
gastric acid
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia
Correct -can occur right after
Answer: meals
-for severe hypoglycemia give IV dextrose
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia teaching
Correct -teach about s/s of hypoglycemia(cold and clammy give them
Answer: candy)
-have glucagon emergency kit available
-regular monitoring of A1c levels are required
1
,Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia causes
Correct Answer: -insulin
overdose
-reduced food intake
-vomiting and diarrhea
-excessive alcohol intake
-unaccustomed exercise
-termination of pregnancy
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: -
tachycardia
-palpitations
-sweating
-nervousness
-headache
-confusion
-drowsiness
-fatigue
antitussives therapeutic action is to
Correct Answer: Act on the cough control center in the medulla to suppress the
cough reflex; used for a cough that is nonproductive and irritating
Anaphylaxis‐PCN
Correct Answer: -laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe hypotension=
immediate hypersensitivity reaction
1
, Anaphylaxis treatment
Correct epinephrine (subQ, IM, or IV) plus respiratory
Answer: support
What drugs are effective and safe alternatives for patients with penicillin allergies?
Correct vancomycin, erythromycin, and
Answer: clindamycin
To ensure prompt treatment if anaphylaxis should develop patients should be?
Correct Answer: observed for at least 30 minutes after drug injection (i.e., until the
risk of an anaphylactic reaction has passed).
To minimize the chances of an anaphylactic reaction, penicillin should be administered
Correct Answer: an initial small dose is followed at 60-minute intervals
by
progressively larger doses until the full therapeutic dose has been achieved
Morphine overdose treatment
Correct Answer: -Naloxone (narcan)
-Intravenous, IM, and subQ. For initial treatment, administer IV
CT‐diarrhea‐action
Correct Answer: -decrease intestinal motility and thereby slow intestinal transit, which
allows more time for absorption of fluid and electrolytes
-activation of opioid receptors decreases secretion of fluid into the small intestine and
increases absorption of fluid and salt.
ACE inhibitor‐hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: -Inhibition of aldosterone release (secondary to inhibition of
angiotensin II production) can cause potassium retention by the kidney.
1
