NR 601 MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
ThexpercentagexofxthexFVCxexpiredxinxonexsecondxisx-xans✔✔FEV1/FVCxratio
Thexagingxprocessxcausesxwhatxnormalxphysiologicalxchangesxinxthexheartx-
xans✔✔Thexheartxvalvexthickensxandxbecomesxrigid,xsecondaryxtoxfibrosisxandxsclerosis
Ax55xyoxCaucasianxmalexfollowsxupxafterxreferralxtoxcardiologist.xHexthinksxhisxmedxisxcau
singxaxcoughxandxsometimesxhexhasxdifficultyxbreathing.xWhichxmedxwasxmostxlikelyxpres
cribed?x-xans✔✔Lisinopril
MJxpresentsxwithxh/
oxstructuralxdamagexwithxcurrentxs/
sxofxHF.xTreatmentxwillxbexbasedxonxhisxstagexofxHFxwhichxisx-xans✔✔StagexC
65xyoxCaucasianxpresentsxwithxmitralxvalvexstenosis,xphysicalxexamxisxunremarkable.xyo
uxknowxherxstagexofxHFxisx-xans✔✔StagexB
Thexbestxwayxtoxdiagnosexstructuralxheartxdisease/dysfunctionxnoninvasivelyxisx-
xans✔✔Echocardiogram
Chronicxpainxcanxhavexmajorximpactxonxpatientsxabilityxtoxfunctionxandxhavexprofoundximp
actxonxoverallxQOL.xOngoingxpainxmayxbexlinkedxtox-
xans✔✔Depression,xsleepxdisturbance,xdecreasedxsocialization
ThexBeersxcriteriaxarexappropriatexforxusexinxevaluatingxusexofxcertainxmedsxinxpatientsx-
xans✔✔>65xy/o
Allxofxthexfollowingxstatementsxarextruexaboutxlabxvaluesxinxolderxadultsxexceptx-
xans✔✔Abnormalxfindingsxarexoftenxduextoxphysiologicalxaging
Accordingxtoxthex2017xACCxHTNxguidelines,xthexrecommendedxBPxgoalxforxax65y/
oxAfricanxAmericanxwomanxwithxaxh/oxHTNxandxDMxandxnoxh/oxCKDxisx-xans✔✔<140/80
THexpathophysiologyxofxHFxisxduextox-
xans✔✔InadequatexcardiacxoutputxtoxmeetxthexmetabolicxandxO2xdemandsxofxthexbody
Thexvolumexofxairxaxpatientxtoxexhalexforxtotalxdurationxofxthextestxduringxmaximalxeffortxisx
-xans✔✔FVC
, Accordingxitxthex2017xACCxHTNxguidelines,xnormalxBPxisx-xans✔✔<120/80
Functionalxabilitiesxarexbestxassessedxbyx-xans✔✔Observedxassessmentxofxfunction
LBxisxax77xyoxwithxchronicxpoorlyxcontrolledxHTN.xYouxknowxthatxgoalsxincludexprevention
xofxtargetxorganxdamage.xDuringxyourxevalxyouxwillxassessxforxevidencexofx-
xans✔✔Leftxventricularxhypertrophy
AorticxregurgitationxrequiresxmedicalxtreatmentxforxearlyxsignsxofxHFxwithx-xans✔✔ACEi
Thexvolumexofxairxinxthexlungsxatxmaxxinflationxisx-xans✔✔TLCx(totalxlungxcapacity)
Preferredxamountxofxexercisexforxolderxadultsxisx-xans✔✔30min/
dayxofxaerobicxexercisex5xdaysxaxweek
Youxknowxthexfollowingxstatementsxregardingxthxpainxofxacutexcoronaryxsyndromexarextru
exexceptx-xans✔✔Presentxatypicallyxmorexoftenxinxmenxthanxwomen
Elderlyxpatientxpresentsxwithxnewxonsetxofxfeelingxheartxrace,xfatigue.xEKGxrevealsxAfibxw
ithxratex>100.xPatientxalsoxhasxaxnewxtremorxinxbothxhands.xWhichxofxthexfollowingxwouldx
youxsuspectx-xans✔✔Hyperthyroidism
Whichxpatientxisxmorexlikelyxtoxhavexosteoporosisx-xans✔✔80xy/
o.xUnderweightxmalexwhoxsmokesxandxhasxbeenxonxsteroidsxforxpsoriasis
Postxmenopausalxwomanxwithxosteoporosisxisxtakingxbisphosphonatexdailyxpo.xWhatxacti
onxinfoxstatementxwouldxindicatexshexunderstoodxyourxinstructionsxregardingxthisxmed?x-
xans✔✔TakexmedxwithxfullxglassxofxwaterxwhenxupxinxthexAMx30xminxbeforexotherxfoodxan
dxmeds
60xy/
oxobesexmalexhasxT2DMxandxlipidxpanelxofxTC=x250xHDL=32,xLDL=165.xYouxteachxhimxa
boutxhisxmodifiablexcardiacxriskxfactorsxwhichxincludex-
xans✔✔DM,xobesity,xhyperlipidemia
OAxofxcervicalxandxlumbarxspinexcausesxpainxrelatedxtoxallxofxthexfollowingxexceptx-
xans✔✔Crystalxdeposition
InxdifferentiatingxOAxfromxchronicxgout,xpseudoxgout,xorxsepticxarthritis,xthexmostxvaluable
xdiagnosticxstudyxwouldxbex-xans✔✔Synovialxfluidxanalysis
PatientsxwithxOAxofxthexhipxandxkneexoftenxhavexaxdistinguishablexgaitxdescribedxasx-
xans✔✔Antalgic
ANSWERS
ThexpercentagexofxthexFVCxexpiredxinxonexsecondxisx-xans✔✔FEV1/FVCxratio
Thexagingxprocessxcausesxwhatxnormalxphysiologicalxchangesxinxthexheartx-
xans✔✔Thexheartxvalvexthickensxandxbecomesxrigid,xsecondaryxtoxfibrosisxandxsclerosis
Ax55xyoxCaucasianxmalexfollowsxupxafterxreferralxtoxcardiologist.xHexthinksxhisxmedxisxcau
singxaxcoughxandxsometimesxhexhasxdifficultyxbreathing.xWhichxmedxwasxmostxlikelyxpres
cribed?x-xans✔✔Lisinopril
MJxpresentsxwithxh/
oxstructuralxdamagexwithxcurrentxs/
sxofxHF.xTreatmentxwillxbexbasedxonxhisxstagexofxHFxwhichxisx-xans✔✔StagexC
65xyoxCaucasianxpresentsxwithxmitralxvalvexstenosis,xphysicalxexamxisxunremarkable.xyo
uxknowxherxstagexofxHFxisx-xans✔✔StagexB
Thexbestxwayxtoxdiagnosexstructuralxheartxdisease/dysfunctionxnoninvasivelyxisx-
xans✔✔Echocardiogram
Chronicxpainxcanxhavexmajorximpactxonxpatientsxabilityxtoxfunctionxandxhavexprofoundximp
actxonxoverallxQOL.xOngoingxpainxmayxbexlinkedxtox-
xans✔✔Depression,xsleepxdisturbance,xdecreasedxsocialization
ThexBeersxcriteriaxarexappropriatexforxusexinxevaluatingxusexofxcertainxmedsxinxpatientsx-
xans✔✔>65xy/o
Allxofxthexfollowingxstatementsxarextruexaboutxlabxvaluesxinxolderxadultsxexceptx-
xans✔✔Abnormalxfindingsxarexoftenxduextoxphysiologicalxaging
Accordingxtoxthex2017xACCxHTNxguidelines,xthexrecommendedxBPxgoalxforxax65y/
oxAfricanxAmericanxwomanxwithxaxh/oxHTNxandxDMxandxnoxh/oxCKDxisx-xans✔✔<140/80
THexpathophysiologyxofxHFxisxduextox-
xans✔✔InadequatexcardiacxoutputxtoxmeetxthexmetabolicxandxO2xdemandsxofxthexbody
Thexvolumexofxairxaxpatientxtoxexhalexforxtotalxdurationxofxthextestxduringxmaximalxeffortxisx
-xans✔✔FVC
, Accordingxitxthex2017xACCxHTNxguidelines,xnormalxBPxisx-xans✔✔<120/80
Functionalxabilitiesxarexbestxassessedxbyx-xans✔✔Observedxassessmentxofxfunction
LBxisxax77xyoxwithxchronicxpoorlyxcontrolledxHTN.xYouxknowxthatxgoalsxincludexprevention
xofxtargetxorganxdamage.xDuringxyourxevalxyouxwillxassessxforxevidencexofx-
xans✔✔Leftxventricularxhypertrophy
AorticxregurgitationxrequiresxmedicalxtreatmentxforxearlyxsignsxofxHFxwithx-xans✔✔ACEi
Thexvolumexofxairxinxthexlungsxatxmaxxinflationxisx-xans✔✔TLCx(totalxlungxcapacity)
Preferredxamountxofxexercisexforxolderxadultsxisx-xans✔✔30min/
dayxofxaerobicxexercisex5xdaysxaxweek
Youxknowxthexfollowingxstatementsxregardingxthxpainxofxacutexcoronaryxsyndromexarextru
exexceptx-xans✔✔Presentxatypicallyxmorexoftenxinxmenxthanxwomen
Elderlyxpatientxpresentsxwithxnewxonsetxofxfeelingxheartxrace,xfatigue.xEKGxrevealsxAfibxw
ithxratex>100.xPatientxalsoxhasxaxnewxtremorxinxbothxhands.xWhichxofxthexfollowingxwouldx
youxsuspectx-xans✔✔Hyperthyroidism
Whichxpatientxisxmorexlikelyxtoxhavexosteoporosisx-xans✔✔80xy/
o.xUnderweightxmalexwhoxsmokesxandxhasxbeenxonxsteroidsxforxpsoriasis
Postxmenopausalxwomanxwithxosteoporosisxisxtakingxbisphosphonatexdailyxpo.xWhatxacti
onxinfoxstatementxwouldxindicatexshexunderstoodxyourxinstructionsxregardingxthisxmed?x-
xans✔✔TakexmedxwithxfullxglassxofxwaterxwhenxupxinxthexAMx30xminxbeforexotherxfoodxan
dxmeds
60xy/
oxobesexmalexhasxT2DMxandxlipidxpanelxofxTC=x250xHDL=32,xLDL=165.xYouxteachxhimxa
boutxhisxmodifiablexcardiacxriskxfactorsxwhichxincludex-
xans✔✔DM,xobesity,xhyperlipidemia
OAxofxcervicalxandxlumbarxspinexcausesxpainxrelatedxtoxallxofxthexfollowingxexceptx-
xans✔✔Crystalxdeposition
InxdifferentiatingxOAxfromxchronicxgout,xpseudoxgout,xorxsepticxarthritis,xthexmostxvaluable
xdiagnosticxstudyxwouldxbex-xans✔✔Synovialxfluidxanalysis
PatientsxwithxOAxofxthexhipxandxkneexoftenxhavexaxdistinguishablexgaitxdescribedxasx-
xans✔✔Antalgic