AMSN 7016C FINAL EXAM
Stages of disease (natural history of disease model) - Answers -susceptibility,
presymptomatic, clinical disease, disability
Primary prevention - Answers -health promotion and disease prevention
Secondary prevention - Answers -focuses resources on diagnosis and treatment of
disease; also includes screening or early detection of disease
Dental exams, bone density exams, mammograms, blood pressure/cholesterol
screening are all examples of - Answers -secondary prevention
Adequate/proper nutrition, weight control, exercise, and stress reduction are examples
of - Answers -primary prevention
Palliative care, rehabilitation, and health restoration are examples of - Answers -tertiary
prevention
Basic human needs model - Answers -Maslow's hierarchy of needs
1. Physiologic needs
2. Safety and security needs
3. Love and belonging needs
4. Self-esteem needs
5. Self-actualization needs
Agent-host-environment model (leavell and clark) - Answers -the agent, host, and
environment interact in ways that create risk factors
- host reaction is influenced by family, history, age, and health habits
- the environment includes physical, social, biological, and cultural factors
The health-illness continuum - Answers -views health as a constantly changing state
with high-level wellness and death on opposite sides of a continuum; illustrates that
health is dynamic and ever-changing
Lifestyle modifications for diabetes - Answers -- maintain healthy body weight
- manage blood glucose levels to recommended range
- diabetic diet/track carb intake
- monitor triglyceride levels, BP
- exercise regularly
- sleep at least 7 hours/night
- reduce stress
- quit smoking
- reduce alcohol consumption
- annual checkups
, Lifestyle modifications for hypertension - Answers -(cornerstone of treatment)
- weight loss
- DASH diet (high K, low Na)
- Mediterranean diet (plant-based foods)
- increased physical activity (40 mins 3-4 days/week)
- limit alcohol intake
- quit smoking
- stress reduction
- alternative therapies (biofeedback, meditation, acupuncture)
A "time out" consists of - Answers -correct patient, correct procedure, correct surgical
site
Most common PACU emergency - Answers -respiratory obstruction
Malignant hyperthermia s/s - Answers -increased muscle Ca2+ and increased
metabolism lead to:
- tachycardia
- dysrhythmias
- tachypnea
- muscle rigidity
- high fever
- increased end-tidal CO2 level, decreased O2 sats
Hemorrhage s/s - Answers -restlessness, anxiety, hypotension, tachycardia, weak
pulse, cold clammy skin, decreased urine output
___ is a reaction to acute cardiovascular failure - Answers -shock
Chronic pain has lasted longer than ___ - Answers -6 months
Somatic pain - Answers -Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints;
diffuse or scattered
Visceral pain - Answers -a poorly localized, dull, or diffuse pain that arises from the
abdominal organs, or viscera
Neuropathic pain - Answers -pain from damage to neurons of either the peripheral or
central nervous system; often described as burning, aching, crushing, stabbing
shooting, tingling
Intractable pain - Answers -persistent pain
Psychogenic pain - Answers -pain for which no physical cause can be identified
Stages of disease (natural history of disease model) - Answers -susceptibility,
presymptomatic, clinical disease, disability
Primary prevention - Answers -health promotion and disease prevention
Secondary prevention - Answers -focuses resources on diagnosis and treatment of
disease; also includes screening or early detection of disease
Dental exams, bone density exams, mammograms, blood pressure/cholesterol
screening are all examples of - Answers -secondary prevention
Adequate/proper nutrition, weight control, exercise, and stress reduction are examples
of - Answers -primary prevention
Palliative care, rehabilitation, and health restoration are examples of - Answers -tertiary
prevention
Basic human needs model - Answers -Maslow's hierarchy of needs
1. Physiologic needs
2. Safety and security needs
3. Love and belonging needs
4. Self-esteem needs
5. Self-actualization needs
Agent-host-environment model (leavell and clark) - Answers -the agent, host, and
environment interact in ways that create risk factors
- host reaction is influenced by family, history, age, and health habits
- the environment includes physical, social, biological, and cultural factors
The health-illness continuum - Answers -views health as a constantly changing state
with high-level wellness and death on opposite sides of a continuum; illustrates that
health is dynamic and ever-changing
Lifestyle modifications for diabetes - Answers -- maintain healthy body weight
- manage blood glucose levels to recommended range
- diabetic diet/track carb intake
- monitor triglyceride levels, BP
- exercise regularly
- sleep at least 7 hours/night
- reduce stress
- quit smoking
- reduce alcohol consumption
- annual checkups
, Lifestyle modifications for hypertension - Answers -(cornerstone of treatment)
- weight loss
- DASH diet (high K, low Na)
- Mediterranean diet (plant-based foods)
- increased physical activity (40 mins 3-4 days/week)
- limit alcohol intake
- quit smoking
- stress reduction
- alternative therapies (biofeedback, meditation, acupuncture)
A "time out" consists of - Answers -correct patient, correct procedure, correct surgical
site
Most common PACU emergency - Answers -respiratory obstruction
Malignant hyperthermia s/s - Answers -increased muscle Ca2+ and increased
metabolism lead to:
- tachycardia
- dysrhythmias
- tachypnea
- muscle rigidity
- high fever
- increased end-tidal CO2 level, decreased O2 sats
Hemorrhage s/s - Answers -restlessness, anxiety, hypotension, tachycardia, weak
pulse, cold clammy skin, decreased urine output
___ is a reaction to acute cardiovascular failure - Answers -shock
Chronic pain has lasted longer than ___ - Answers -6 months
Somatic pain - Answers -Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints;
diffuse or scattered
Visceral pain - Answers -a poorly localized, dull, or diffuse pain that arises from the
abdominal organs, or viscera
Neuropathic pain - Answers -pain from damage to neurons of either the peripheral or
central nervous system; often described as burning, aching, crushing, stabbing
shooting, tingling
Intractable pain - Answers -persistent pain
Psychogenic pain - Answers -pain for which no physical cause can be identified
