ATI Med Surg Midterm Exam 2 Study Guide
Age related considerations on the GI system Mouth: Peridontal disease, taste buds decrease, xerostomia Esophagus: decreased tone and motility Abdominal Wall: thinner, decreased receptors Stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas: decreased synthesis and secretions Large intestine, anus, rectum: decreased tone, motility, and transit time Assessment of the GI system Subjective: appetite, dysphagia, food intolerance, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, bowel habits, nutrition assessment - medications - surgery or other treatments Objective: mouth, abdomen, rectum, anus Diagnostic Studies for GI system -Upper gastrointestional series (barium swallow) - Lower gastrointestional series (barium enema) - Cholangiography - MRI - Abdominal ultrasonography - nuclear imaging scan - CT - Virtual colonoscopy - endoscopy - liver biopsy - Liver function studies endoscopy visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument or capsule
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