NUR 448 Psych EXAM 3 - Units 8-9
With Complete Solution
Cognition: - ANSWER -Distinguishes living from existing.
-Cognition is the ability to make the connection between things.
-Cognitive processing impacts our activities of daily living.
-Cognition involves learning and memory.
-Loss of these abilities is common in neurocognitive disorders.
Cognitive impairment: - ANSWER -A range of disturbances in cognitive
functioning.
-Diagnosis depends on assessment of cognitive function and a complete
mental status examination.
Types of neurocognitive disorders (NCDs): - ANSWER -Delirium
-Alzheimer's dementia
-Frontotemporal lobe disease
-Lewy bodies
-Vascular dementia
-Traumatic brain injury
-HIV related dementia
-Parksinson's disease
,-Huntington's disease
Most common dementia= - ANSWER Alzheimer's
~the longer you live, the higher the risk (after age 85, 50% increase risk)
Second most common dementia= - ANSWER vascular dementia
What is the #1 cause of delirium? - ANSWER UTI
Cognitive impairment problem areas: - ANSWER -Attention span
-Concentration
-Intelligence
-Judgment
-Learning ability
-Memory
-Orientation
-Perception
-Problem solving
-Psychomotor ability
-Reaction time (the interval of time between the presentation of a stimulus
to a subject and the beginning of the subject's response to that stimulus)
-Social intactness
Confusion: - ANSWER -Non-clinical term to describe acute onset of inability
to understand circumstances without loss of consciousness.
,-Acute onset is over hours or days.
-Delirium called "acute confusional state."
Can you die from delirium? - ANSWER yes
~but delirium is always secondary to something physical
Normal Aging: - ANSWER -Some paranoia related to vision & hearing loss
(may think others are talking about them)
-Usually able to perform all self-care tasks
-Mild forgetfulness
(able to use reminders)
-NO cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's Dementia: - ANSWER -Function of the illness although
symptoms will vary among individuals. Paranoia and hallucinations are more
prevalent, especially in the middle stage.
-Progressively unable to care for themselves (eventually requires total
assistance).
-Progressive memory loss (gradually unable to use reminders, eventually no
ability to learn or recall information)
-Progressive loss in thinking skills (the ability to make decisions, to judge, to
follow directions)
Dementia: how many types are reversible vs. irreversible? - ANSWER -2
types that are reversible
-Multiple types of irreversible
, *CANNOT reverse or cure Alzheimer's-- meds slow down progression
Reversible cause: Normal Pressure- HYDROCEPHALUS: - ANSWER
-Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in brain
Symptoms:
~mild dementia
~gait disturbance
~urinary urgency or incontinence
Diagnosis:
~CT scan
~ventricular enlargement
-Difficult to diagnose
Treatment: ~ventriculoperitonial ~ventriculoatrial shunting
Reversible cause: VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY: - ANSWER -Absorption of
cyanocobalamin (B 12) is impaired - most common cause is pernicious
anemia.
-Treat the underlying B12 deficiency and malnutrition.
With Complete Solution
Cognition: - ANSWER -Distinguishes living from existing.
-Cognition is the ability to make the connection between things.
-Cognitive processing impacts our activities of daily living.
-Cognition involves learning and memory.
-Loss of these abilities is common in neurocognitive disorders.
Cognitive impairment: - ANSWER -A range of disturbances in cognitive
functioning.
-Diagnosis depends on assessment of cognitive function and a complete
mental status examination.
Types of neurocognitive disorders (NCDs): - ANSWER -Delirium
-Alzheimer's dementia
-Frontotemporal lobe disease
-Lewy bodies
-Vascular dementia
-Traumatic brain injury
-HIV related dementia
-Parksinson's disease
,-Huntington's disease
Most common dementia= - ANSWER Alzheimer's
~the longer you live, the higher the risk (after age 85, 50% increase risk)
Second most common dementia= - ANSWER vascular dementia
What is the #1 cause of delirium? - ANSWER UTI
Cognitive impairment problem areas: - ANSWER -Attention span
-Concentration
-Intelligence
-Judgment
-Learning ability
-Memory
-Orientation
-Perception
-Problem solving
-Psychomotor ability
-Reaction time (the interval of time between the presentation of a stimulus
to a subject and the beginning of the subject's response to that stimulus)
-Social intactness
Confusion: - ANSWER -Non-clinical term to describe acute onset of inability
to understand circumstances without loss of consciousness.
,-Acute onset is over hours or days.
-Delirium called "acute confusional state."
Can you die from delirium? - ANSWER yes
~but delirium is always secondary to something physical
Normal Aging: - ANSWER -Some paranoia related to vision & hearing loss
(may think others are talking about them)
-Usually able to perform all self-care tasks
-Mild forgetfulness
(able to use reminders)
-NO cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's Dementia: - ANSWER -Function of the illness although
symptoms will vary among individuals. Paranoia and hallucinations are more
prevalent, especially in the middle stage.
-Progressively unable to care for themselves (eventually requires total
assistance).
-Progressive memory loss (gradually unable to use reminders, eventually no
ability to learn or recall information)
-Progressive loss in thinking skills (the ability to make decisions, to judge, to
follow directions)
Dementia: how many types are reversible vs. irreversible? - ANSWER -2
types that are reversible
-Multiple types of irreversible
, *CANNOT reverse or cure Alzheimer's-- meds slow down progression
Reversible cause: Normal Pressure- HYDROCEPHALUS: - ANSWER
-Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in brain
Symptoms:
~mild dementia
~gait disturbance
~urinary urgency or incontinence
Diagnosis:
~CT scan
~ventricular enlargement
-Difficult to diagnose
Treatment: ~ventriculoperitonial ~ventriculoatrial shunting
Reversible cause: VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY: - ANSWER -Absorption of
cyanocobalamin (B 12) is impaired - most common cause is pernicious
anemia.
-Treat the underlying B12 deficiency and malnutrition.
