PEDIATRIC ARDMS REVIEW
Most common malignant liver tumor in children? - Answers -Hepatoblastoma
2nd most common malignant liver tumor in children. Seen w/ hep B and Wilsons
disease. - Answers -HCC
Most common benign hepatic tumor of childhood. - Answers -Infantile
Hemangioendothelioma
Most common inflammatory disease of small bowel. - Answers -Crohn disease
Most common small bowel malignancy in childhood. - Answers -Non-Hodgkin's
Lymphoma
Most common surgical emergency in children. - Answers -appendicitis
(more common in girls)
Most common cause of urethral obstruction in boys. - Answers -Posterior urethral
valves
Absent or small abdominal wall musculature. Multiple urinary tract anomalies seen.
Exclusively males. - Answers -Prune Belly Syndrome
(Eagle Barrett Syndrome)
Most common renal malignancy in children. - Answers -Wilms tumor
(Nephroblastoma)
What is the aggressive malignant renal tumor that occurs in patients w/ sickle cell
disease? - Answers -Renal Medullary Carcinoma
Most common benign renal tumor in children. - Answers -Mesoblastic Nephroma
(Renal Hamartoma,
Mesenchymal Hamartoma)
Most common extracranial tumor in children. - Answers -Neuroblastoma
Benign Adrenal tumor made of ganglion cells. - Answers -Ganglioneuroma
Overproduction of cortisol in the adrenal cortex - Answers -Cushing Syndrome
Overproduction of mineralcorticoid aldosterone - Answers -Conn Syndrome
(Primary Aldosteronism)
Autosomal Recessive error of metabolizing fat. Leads to accumulation of cholesterol
and triglycerides in tissues of body. - Answers -Wolman Disease
,Autosomal dominant disease where multiple organs present w/ cysts. - Answers -Von
Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
Infantile type of pancreatic carcinoma. May be seen w/ Beckwith-Wiedemann
Syndrome. - Answers -Pancreaticoblastoma
Most common islet cell tumor - Answers -Insulinoma
2nd most common islet cell tumor - Answers -Gastrinoma
Malignant ovarian tumor. Usually larger than 10cm. - Answers -Germ cell tumor
Benign liver lesion made up of small blood filled spaces lined w/ endothelial cells -
Answers -Cavernous Hemangioma
Congenital benign liver tumor originating along portal triads - Answers -Mesenchymal
Hamartoma (aka Lymphangioma)
Congenital cystic dilatation of intrahepatic ducts. - Answers -Caroli disease
Which biliary tract pathology has an increased risk of Cholangiocarcinoma? - Answers -
Caroli disease
What is the most common cause of hyperbilirubinemia? - Answers -Biliary atresia
What procedure can be done to preserve the liver in cases of biliary atresia? - Answers
-Kasai procedure
What is the most common (but rare) neoplasm of the biliary tract in children? - Answers
-Rhabdomyosarcoma
Most common malignant Splenic neoplasm - Answers -Lymphoma
What may cause multiple hypoechoic masses in the spleen? - Answers -Langerhans
cell histocytosis
Solid complex mass in spleen. Rare but mets to liver, bone, lymph nodes. - Answers -
Angiosarcoma
Autosomal recessive disorder that presents w/ Hepatosplenomegaly and bone
infarctions. - Answers -Gaucher storage disease
When is Pyloric Stenosis most common? - Answers -2-6 weeks (boys)
, Common cause of delayed emptying of stomach, antral narrowing & causes vomiting -
Answers -Pylorospasm (aka Antral Dyskinesia)
Most common malignant neoplasm of GI tract in children. - Answers -Lymphoma
Most common cause of congenital duodenal obstruction in newborns. - Answers -
Duodenal atresia
Midgut malrotation - Answers -SMV positioned left of SMA
Most common acute abdominal disorder in early childhood? - Answers -Intussusception
Name the 2 Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors - Answers -1. Granulosa cell
2. Sertoli-Leydig
Which ovarian tumor is due to excessive Estrogen production? - Answers -Granulosa
cell
Which ovarian tumor is due to excessive Androgen production? - Answers -Sertoli-
Leydig
Most common tumor of the genitourinary tract in children? - Answers -
Rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant vaginal tumor)
Pyloric muscle is thickened when - Answers -> 3mm
Pyloric channel is elongated when - Answers -> 17mm
Diameter of intussuscepted bowel - Answers -> 3cm
Normal hip Alpha angle - Answers -60 degrees or greater
Normal hip Beta angle - Answers -55 degrees or less
The smaller the ______ angle and the larger the ______ angle, the more likely that
dysplasia is present. - Answers -Alpha; Beta
Normal appendix should not exceed - Answers -6mm
Name 3 types of Dorsal Stigmata seen with Occult spinal dysraphism: - Answers -sacral
dimples
skin tags
abnormal hair growth
Which Occult spinal dysraphism is often associated with a tight filum terminale? -
Answers -Lipomyelocele
Most common malignant liver tumor in children? - Answers -Hepatoblastoma
2nd most common malignant liver tumor in children. Seen w/ hep B and Wilsons
disease. - Answers -HCC
Most common benign hepatic tumor of childhood. - Answers -Infantile
Hemangioendothelioma
Most common inflammatory disease of small bowel. - Answers -Crohn disease
Most common small bowel malignancy in childhood. - Answers -Non-Hodgkin's
Lymphoma
Most common surgical emergency in children. - Answers -appendicitis
(more common in girls)
Most common cause of urethral obstruction in boys. - Answers -Posterior urethral
valves
Absent or small abdominal wall musculature. Multiple urinary tract anomalies seen.
Exclusively males. - Answers -Prune Belly Syndrome
(Eagle Barrett Syndrome)
Most common renal malignancy in children. - Answers -Wilms tumor
(Nephroblastoma)
What is the aggressive malignant renal tumor that occurs in patients w/ sickle cell
disease? - Answers -Renal Medullary Carcinoma
Most common benign renal tumor in children. - Answers -Mesoblastic Nephroma
(Renal Hamartoma,
Mesenchymal Hamartoma)
Most common extracranial tumor in children. - Answers -Neuroblastoma
Benign Adrenal tumor made of ganglion cells. - Answers -Ganglioneuroma
Overproduction of cortisol in the adrenal cortex - Answers -Cushing Syndrome
Overproduction of mineralcorticoid aldosterone - Answers -Conn Syndrome
(Primary Aldosteronism)
Autosomal Recessive error of metabolizing fat. Leads to accumulation of cholesterol
and triglycerides in tissues of body. - Answers -Wolman Disease
,Autosomal dominant disease where multiple organs present w/ cysts. - Answers -Von
Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
Infantile type of pancreatic carcinoma. May be seen w/ Beckwith-Wiedemann
Syndrome. - Answers -Pancreaticoblastoma
Most common islet cell tumor - Answers -Insulinoma
2nd most common islet cell tumor - Answers -Gastrinoma
Malignant ovarian tumor. Usually larger than 10cm. - Answers -Germ cell tumor
Benign liver lesion made up of small blood filled spaces lined w/ endothelial cells -
Answers -Cavernous Hemangioma
Congenital benign liver tumor originating along portal triads - Answers -Mesenchymal
Hamartoma (aka Lymphangioma)
Congenital cystic dilatation of intrahepatic ducts. - Answers -Caroli disease
Which biliary tract pathology has an increased risk of Cholangiocarcinoma? - Answers -
Caroli disease
What is the most common cause of hyperbilirubinemia? - Answers -Biliary atresia
What procedure can be done to preserve the liver in cases of biliary atresia? - Answers
-Kasai procedure
What is the most common (but rare) neoplasm of the biliary tract in children? - Answers
-Rhabdomyosarcoma
Most common malignant Splenic neoplasm - Answers -Lymphoma
What may cause multiple hypoechoic masses in the spleen? - Answers -Langerhans
cell histocytosis
Solid complex mass in spleen. Rare but mets to liver, bone, lymph nodes. - Answers -
Angiosarcoma
Autosomal recessive disorder that presents w/ Hepatosplenomegaly and bone
infarctions. - Answers -Gaucher storage disease
When is Pyloric Stenosis most common? - Answers -2-6 weeks (boys)
, Common cause of delayed emptying of stomach, antral narrowing & causes vomiting -
Answers -Pylorospasm (aka Antral Dyskinesia)
Most common malignant neoplasm of GI tract in children. - Answers -Lymphoma
Most common cause of congenital duodenal obstruction in newborns. - Answers -
Duodenal atresia
Midgut malrotation - Answers -SMV positioned left of SMA
Most common acute abdominal disorder in early childhood? - Answers -Intussusception
Name the 2 Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors - Answers -1. Granulosa cell
2. Sertoli-Leydig
Which ovarian tumor is due to excessive Estrogen production? - Answers -Granulosa
cell
Which ovarian tumor is due to excessive Androgen production? - Answers -Sertoli-
Leydig
Most common tumor of the genitourinary tract in children? - Answers -
Rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant vaginal tumor)
Pyloric muscle is thickened when - Answers -> 3mm
Pyloric channel is elongated when - Answers -> 17mm
Diameter of intussuscepted bowel - Answers -> 3cm
Normal hip Alpha angle - Answers -60 degrees or greater
Normal hip Beta angle - Answers -55 degrees or less
The smaller the ______ angle and the larger the ______ angle, the more likely that
dysplasia is present. - Answers -Alpha; Beta
Normal appendix should not exceed - Answers -6mm
Name 3 types of Dorsal Stigmata seen with Occult spinal dysraphism: - Answers -sacral
dimples
skin tags
abnormal hair growth
Which Occult spinal dysraphism is often associated with a tight filum terminale? -
Answers -Lipomyelocele
