Breast Cancer EXAM 1 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

BREAST CANCER EXAM (Q$A)
Incidence of Breast Cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER-12% Lifetime Risk

Percentage of women with breast cancer who have zero known risk factors? - CORRECT
ANSWER-75%

Percentage of all breast cancers in women <30 years? - CORRECT ANSWER-~2%

Percentage of all breast cancers in women >70 years? - CORRECT ANSWER-33%

Percentage of breast cancers due to inherited mutations? - CORRECT ANSWER-10%

Approximate percentage of inherited breast cancers due to BRCA 1/2? - CORRECT ANSWER-
~50%

(5% of all breast cancers)

What is the expected ER status of BRCA 1 vs BRCA 2 breast cancers? - CORRECT ANSWER-
BRCA 1 ER negative (~70%)
BRCA 2 ER positive (~70%)

Name some breast cancer susceptibility genes - CORRECT ANSWER-BRCA 1/2
Tp53 (Li Fraumeni)
PTEN
STK11 (Peutz-Jeghers)
PTALB
CDH1

How do you decrease breast cancer risk in women with BRCA mutations? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Prophylactic bilateral mastectomy (90% risk reduction)
+prophylactic BSO -> 95% risk reduction

Rule o' Thumb: 5 years before the earliest onset of cancer in mom

What is the preferred screening for mutation carriers? - CORRECT ANSWER-MRI annually

Most common motivation for medicological cases of the breast - CORRECT ANSWER-Failure to
diagnose a breast carcinoma

Triad of Error for misdiagnosis of breast cancer - CORRECT ANSWER-1) Age <45 years
2) Self-diagnosed mass
3) Negative mammogram

Hx breast cancer risk factors? - CORRECT ANSWER-NAACP

, Nulliparity
Age at menarche (<13 yrs)
Age at menopause (>55 yrs)
Breast cancer (self, family)
Pregnancy of 1st child >30yrs

Physical breast cancer risk factors? - CORRECT ANSWER-CHAFED LIPS
Cancer in breast (3% synchronous contralat)
Hyperplasia (2x)
Atypical hyperplasia (4x)
Female (100x)
Elderly
DCIS

LCIS
Inherited genes
Papilloma (1.5x)
Sclerosing adenosis (1.5x)

Relative risk of hormone replacement therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER-1 - 1.5

Is normal fibrocystic disease a risk factor for breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER-No

What are the possible symptoms of breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER-No symptoms
Mass in the breast
Pain (most are painless)
Nipple discharge
Local edema
Nipple retraction
Dimple
Nipple rash

What causes skin retraction? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tumor involvement of Cooper's ligaments
causing subsequent inward traction on skin

What are the signs of breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mass (1 cm minimum palpable)
Dimple
Nipple rash
Edema
Axillary / supraclavicular nodes

What is the most common site of breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER-Approximately one half of
cancers develop in the upper outer quadrants

What are the different types of invasive breast cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER-Infiltrating ductal
carcinoma (~75%)
Medullary carcinoma (~15%)
Infiltrating lobular carcinoma (~5%)