COMD 507 Final Exam With Complete Verified
Solution
Orthography - ANSWER-language writing system
Phonology - ANSWER-sound system of language
Phonological Awareness - ANSWER-an individuals ability to attend to the sound
structure of language apart from meaning
Orthographic Awareness - ANSWER-what an individual knows about a language writing
system
Phonemic awareness - ANSWER-an individual's awareness and understanding of
individual sounds in a word
Phoneme - ANSWER-the smallest sound unit that distinguishes words from each other
Grapheme - ANSWER-a letter or group of letters used to represent one sound
Allophone/allophonic variation - ANSWER-different pronunciations of a given sound
based on the surrounding contexts
Allograph - ANSWER-different spellings for each sound in our language
Consonant Sequence - ANSWER-two or more consonant sounds produced next to
each other in a word
Consonant digraph - ANSWER-two letters that represent a single phoneme. A
grapheme of two letters
Cluster - ANSWER-sequence within a syllable
Morpheme - ANSWER-smallest unit of meaning in language
Morphophonemic - ANSWER-the relationship between morphology and phonology
True or False: phonology includes permissable variations in a language - ANSWER-
True
Consonants - ANSWER-obstructed (or partially) obstructed vocal tract
Vowels - ANSWER-Open vowel tract (always voiced)
, Phonotactics - ANSWER-Rules for combining sounds within a certain language system
Singleton - ANSWER-one single consonant sound
Sequence - ANSWER-two or more adjacent consonants that each retain its own identify
during pronunciation
Syllable - ANSWER-Vowel sound alone or with preceding or following consonants
Open Syllable - ANSWER-any syllable that ends with a vowel sound
Closed Syllable - ANSWER-any syllable that ends with a consonant(s) sound
Simple Syllable - ANSWER-a syllable that contains no consonants or contains singleton
consonants
Complex Syllable - ANSWER-a syllable that contains at least one sequence (two or
more consonants together that maintain a sound for each consonant)
Phonetics - ANSWER-the study of speech sounds
Phone - ANSWER-speech sound
Minimal Pairs - ANSWER-differ by one sound
Coarticulation - ANSWER-When producing sounds together, they overlap
Assimilation - ANSWER-when a sound is changed to be more like the sounds in the
immediate environment
True or False: Assimilation is a result of coarticulation - ANSWER-true
Source Filter Theory (4 systems) - ANSWER-1) Respiration
2) Phonation
3) Resonation
4) Articulation
What 2 systems are filters in the Source Filter Theory? - ANSWER-1) Resonation
2) Articulation
Phonation - ANSWER-The phonation system takes the energy that is sent upward from
the lungs and further modulates the airflow to convert the energy into sound.
Voice - ANSWER-the creation of sound when the vocal folds vibrate
Bernoulli Effect - ANSWER-drop in air pressure, created by an increase in airflow
through a constriction; helps explain, in part, vocal fold adduction
Solution
Orthography - ANSWER-language writing system
Phonology - ANSWER-sound system of language
Phonological Awareness - ANSWER-an individuals ability to attend to the sound
structure of language apart from meaning
Orthographic Awareness - ANSWER-what an individual knows about a language writing
system
Phonemic awareness - ANSWER-an individual's awareness and understanding of
individual sounds in a word
Phoneme - ANSWER-the smallest sound unit that distinguishes words from each other
Grapheme - ANSWER-a letter or group of letters used to represent one sound
Allophone/allophonic variation - ANSWER-different pronunciations of a given sound
based on the surrounding contexts
Allograph - ANSWER-different spellings for each sound in our language
Consonant Sequence - ANSWER-two or more consonant sounds produced next to
each other in a word
Consonant digraph - ANSWER-two letters that represent a single phoneme. A
grapheme of two letters
Cluster - ANSWER-sequence within a syllable
Morpheme - ANSWER-smallest unit of meaning in language
Morphophonemic - ANSWER-the relationship between morphology and phonology
True or False: phonology includes permissable variations in a language - ANSWER-
True
Consonants - ANSWER-obstructed (or partially) obstructed vocal tract
Vowels - ANSWER-Open vowel tract (always voiced)
, Phonotactics - ANSWER-Rules for combining sounds within a certain language system
Singleton - ANSWER-one single consonant sound
Sequence - ANSWER-two or more adjacent consonants that each retain its own identify
during pronunciation
Syllable - ANSWER-Vowel sound alone or with preceding or following consonants
Open Syllable - ANSWER-any syllable that ends with a vowel sound
Closed Syllable - ANSWER-any syllable that ends with a consonant(s) sound
Simple Syllable - ANSWER-a syllable that contains no consonants or contains singleton
consonants
Complex Syllable - ANSWER-a syllable that contains at least one sequence (two or
more consonants together that maintain a sound for each consonant)
Phonetics - ANSWER-the study of speech sounds
Phone - ANSWER-speech sound
Minimal Pairs - ANSWER-differ by one sound
Coarticulation - ANSWER-When producing sounds together, they overlap
Assimilation - ANSWER-when a sound is changed to be more like the sounds in the
immediate environment
True or False: Assimilation is a result of coarticulation - ANSWER-true
Source Filter Theory (4 systems) - ANSWER-1) Respiration
2) Phonation
3) Resonation
4) Articulation
What 2 systems are filters in the Source Filter Theory? - ANSWER-1) Resonation
2) Articulation
Phonation - ANSWER-The phonation system takes the energy that is sent upward from
the lungs and further modulates the airflow to convert the energy into sound.
Voice - ANSWER-the creation of sound when the vocal folds vibrate
Bernoulli Effect - ANSWER-drop in air pressure, created by an increase in airflow
through a constriction; helps explain, in part, vocal fold adduction
