Lutz's Nutrition Chapter 9 Digestion,
Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion
every part of human body requires correct answers nutrients from food for energy,
maintenance, and growth
food correct answers composed of complex substances that must be broken down to
simpler forms for cell use
the cell correct answers ultimate destination for food's nutrients
three interrelated processes that act on food to prepare it for use correct answers
digestion, absorption, and metabolism
alimentary canal correct answers long, muscular tube that extends through body from
mouth to anus
digestion takes place in the correct answers alimentary canal
excretion correct answers elimination of indigestible or unusable substances
during digestion correct answers food is broken down mechanically and chemically in
GI tract into forms small enough for absorption into blood and lymphatic system
after absorption correct answers nutrients usually are transported to liver, where they
may be adjusted to suit body's needs
metabolism correct answers sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place
in body, determines final use of individual nutrients as well as meds
alimentary canal includes correct answers oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, large intestine
sphincters correct answers muscle rings that separate segments of alimentary canal;
act as valves to control passage of food
mucosa correct answers lines alimentary canal and secretes mucus; secretes digestive
enzymes of stomach and small intestine
mucus correct answers lubricates canal, helps facilitate smooth passage of food
three organs outside alimentary canal correct answers liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
, liver correct answers second largest single organ in body
primary digestive function of liver correct answers production of bile
bile correct answers breaks down fats
gallbladder correct answers concentrates and stores bile until bile is needed in small
intestine
pancreas correct answers secretes digestive enzymes; pancreatic juice, carries to
small intestine
majority of nutrients obtained in correct answers small intestine
you can live without correct answers gallbladder
you cannot live without correct answers liver or pancreas
what is the action correct answers peristalsis
peristalsis correct answers wavelike movement that propels food through alimentary
canal; NEED TO KEEP GOING
what med stops peristalsis correct answers pain meds
other muscular activity correct answers churns food to smaller particles, mixes with
digestive secretions
mechanical digestion correct answers chewing or mastication, swallowing, peristalsis,
and emulsification
digestive enzymes correct answers saliva, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, intestinal juice
chemical digestion correct answers enzymes break down food into smaller molecules
chemical reaction involved in digestion correct answers hydrolysis of nutrients
hydrolysis correct answers chemical reaction; substance is split into two smaller and
simpler substances by addition or taking up of elements of water
hydrochloric acid correct answers electrolyte that performs many functions necessary
to digestive process
electrolytes correct answers substances that conduct electric current in solution
Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion
every part of human body requires correct answers nutrients from food for energy,
maintenance, and growth
food correct answers composed of complex substances that must be broken down to
simpler forms for cell use
the cell correct answers ultimate destination for food's nutrients
three interrelated processes that act on food to prepare it for use correct answers
digestion, absorption, and metabolism
alimentary canal correct answers long, muscular tube that extends through body from
mouth to anus
digestion takes place in the correct answers alimentary canal
excretion correct answers elimination of indigestible or unusable substances
during digestion correct answers food is broken down mechanically and chemically in
GI tract into forms small enough for absorption into blood and lymphatic system
after absorption correct answers nutrients usually are transported to liver, where they
may be adjusted to suit body's needs
metabolism correct answers sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place
in body, determines final use of individual nutrients as well as meds
alimentary canal includes correct answers oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, large intestine
sphincters correct answers muscle rings that separate segments of alimentary canal;
act as valves to control passage of food
mucosa correct answers lines alimentary canal and secretes mucus; secretes digestive
enzymes of stomach and small intestine
mucus correct answers lubricates canal, helps facilitate smooth passage of food
three organs outside alimentary canal correct answers liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
, liver correct answers second largest single organ in body
primary digestive function of liver correct answers production of bile
bile correct answers breaks down fats
gallbladder correct answers concentrates and stores bile until bile is needed in small
intestine
pancreas correct answers secretes digestive enzymes; pancreatic juice, carries to
small intestine
majority of nutrients obtained in correct answers small intestine
you can live without correct answers gallbladder
you cannot live without correct answers liver or pancreas
what is the action correct answers peristalsis
peristalsis correct answers wavelike movement that propels food through alimentary
canal; NEED TO KEEP GOING
what med stops peristalsis correct answers pain meds
other muscular activity correct answers churns food to smaller particles, mixes with
digestive secretions
mechanical digestion correct answers chewing or mastication, swallowing, peristalsis,
and emulsification
digestive enzymes correct answers saliva, gastric juice, pancreatic juice, intestinal juice
chemical digestion correct answers enzymes break down food into smaller molecules
chemical reaction involved in digestion correct answers hydrolysis of nutrients
hydrolysis correct answers chemical reaction; substance is split into two smaller and
simpler substances by addition or taking up of elements of water
hydrochloric acid correct answers electrolyte that performs many functions necessary
to digestive process
electrolytes correct answers substances that conduct electric current in solution
