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Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents,
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,This page intentionally left blank
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,Occupational
Therapy
Children
FOR AND
Adolescents
,This page intentionally left blank
, Occupational
Therapy
Children
FOR AND
Adolescents
SEVENTH EDITION
Jane Case-Smith Jane Clifford O’Brien
EdD, OTR/L, FAOTA (deceased) PhD, MS, EdL, OTR/L, FAOTA
Professor and Chair Associate Professor
Division of Occupational Therapy Occupational Therapy Program Director
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Occupational Therapy Department
The Ohio State University Westbrook College of Health Professions
Columbus, Ohio University of New England
Portland, Maine
,3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY FOR CHILDREN AND ISBN: 978-0-323-16925-7
ADOLESCENTS, SEVENTH EDITION
Copyright © 2015 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2010, 2005, 2001, 1996, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission,
further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations
such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our
website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the
Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical
treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in
evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In
using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of
others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the
most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each
product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration
of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their
own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the
best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors,
assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products
liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products,
instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Occupational therapy for children
Occupational therapy for children and adolescents / [edited by] Jane Case-Smith, Jane Clifford
O’Brien.—Seventh edition.
p. ; cm.
Preceded by: Occupational therapy for children / [edited by] Jane Case-Smith, Jane Clifford
O’Brien. 6th ed. c2010.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-323-16925-7 (hardcover : alk. paper)
I. Case-Smith, Jane, 1953- , author, editor. II. O’Brien, Jane Clifford, author, editor. III. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Occupational Therapy. 2. Adolescent. 3. Child, Exceptional. 4. Child.
5. Developmental Disabilities—rehabilitation. 6. Disabled Children—rehabilitation. WS 368]
RJ53.O25
615.8515083—dc23
2014033094
Professional Reference Director: Penny Rudolph
Content Development Manager: Jolynn Gower
Publishing Services Manager: Jeff Patterson
Project Manager: Tracey Schriefer
Design Direction: Karen Pauls/Renee Duenow
Printed in Canada.
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
, Dr. Jane Case-Smith was soft spoken, thoughtful, and a brilliant scholar,
who consistently reinforced respect for children and their families.
She developed personal and professional relationships with each author, helping them
to produce chapters that would lead students, practitioners, and educators in their best practice.
Jane also believed strongly in using science as a foundation for intervention,
while never overlooking the art of therapy.
Her ability to integrate these two important aspects of occupational therapy will forever influence
the profession and help many children and their families participate in daily occupations.
Her spirit is infused throughout the pictures and words of this book.
I dedicate this book to my friend Dr. Jane Case-Smith.
, Contributors
Leslie Altimier, DNP, RNC, NE-BC Dennis Cleary, BA, BS, MS, OTD, OTR/L
Fellow, Nursing Assistant Professor
Northeastern University Division of Occupational Therapy
Boston, Massachutsetts The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
Beth Ball, MS (Allied Medicine),
BS (Occupational Therapy) Patty C. Coker-Bolt, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA
Member, Occupational Therapy Section Assistant Professor
Ohio Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy and Athletic Department of Health Professions
Trainers Board Medical University of South Carolina
Columbus, Ohio; Charleston, South Carolina
Member, Occupational Therapy Advisory Board
The Ohio State University Sharon Cosper, MHS, OTR/L
Columbus, Ohio Assistant Professor
Department of Occupational Therapy
Susan Bazyk, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA College of Allied Health Sciences
Professor, Occupational Therapy Georgia Regents University
School of Health Sciences Augusta, Georgia
Cleveland State University
Cleveland, Ohio Laura Crooks, OTR, MHA
Director, Rehabilitation Services
Matthew E. Brock, PhD Seattle Children’s Hospital
Department of Education Studies and Crane Center Seattle, Washington
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio Melissa Demir, MSW, LICSW
Department of Occupational Therapy
Susan Cahill, PhD, OTR/L Boston University
Assistant Professor Boston, Massachutsetts
Occupational Therapy Program
Midwestern University Jenny Dorich, MBA, OTR/L, CHT
Downers Grove, Illinois Occupational Therapist II
Program Lead, Hand Therapy
Erik Carter, PhD Division of Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy and
Associate Professor Therapeutic Recreation
Department of Special Education Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Vanderbilt University Cincinnati, Ohio
Nashville, Tennessee
Brian J. Dudgeon, PhD, OTR, FAOTA
Jane Case-Smith, EdD, OTR/L, FAOTA (deceased) Professor and Chair, Department of Occupational Therapy
Professor and Chair School of Health Professions
Division of Occupational Therapy University of Alabama at Birmingham
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Birmingham, Alabama
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio M. Louise Dunn, ScD, OTR/L
Associate Professor
Jana Cason, DHS, OTR/L, FAOTA School of Occupational Therapy
Associate Professor Brenau University
Auerbach School of Occupational Therapy Gainesville, Georgia
Spalding University
Louisville, Kentucky Charlotte E. Exner, PhD, OT/L, FAOTA
Executive Director
Elizabeth Chapelle Hussman Center for Adults with Autism
Occupational Therapy Towson University
Seattle Children’s Hospital Towson, Maryland
Seattle, Washington
Kaity Gain, PhD, MSc, OT
Health and Rehabilitation Science
Western University
London, Ontario
Canada
vi
MORE THAN
A TEXTBOOK!
Evolve Student Resources for Case-Smith/O’Brien:
Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents,
Seventh Edition, include the following:
• Video clips
• Additional content
• Crossword puzzles
• Glossary
Activate the complete learning experience that comes with each
textbook purchase by registering at
http://evolve.elsevier.com/Case-Smith/children/
REGISTER TODAY!
You can now purchase Elsevier products on Evolve!
Go to evolve.elsevier.com/html/shop-promo.html to search and browse for products.
,This page intentionally left blank
,This page intentionally left blank
,Occupational
Therapy
Children
FOR AND
Adolescents
,This page intentionally left blank
, Occupational
Therapy
Children
FOR AND
Adolescents
SEVENTH EDITION
Jane Case-Smith Jane Clifford O’Brien
EdD, OTR/L, FAOTA (deceased) PhD, MS, EdL, OTR/L, FAOTA
Professor and Chair Associate Professor
Division of Occupational Therapy Occupational Therapy Program Director
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Occupational Therapy Department
The Ohio State University Westbrook College of Health Professions
Columbus, Ohio University of New England
Portland, Maine
,3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY FOR CHILDREN AND ISBN: 978-0-323-16925-7
ADOLESCENTS, SEVENTH EDITION
Copyright © 2015 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2010, 2005, 2001, 1996, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission,
further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations
such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our
website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the
Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical
treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in
evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In
using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of
others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the
most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each
product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration
of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their
own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the
best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors,
assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products
liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products,
instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Occupational therapy for children
Occupational therapy for children and adolescents / [edited by] Jane Case-Smith, Jane Clifford
O’Brien.—Seventh edition.
p. ; cm.
Preceded by: Occupational therapy for children / [edited by] Jane Case-Smith, Jane Clifford
O’Brien. 6th ed. c2010.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-323-16925-7 (hardcover : alk. paper)
I. Case-Smith, Jane, 1953- , author, editor. II. O’Brien, Jane Clifford, author, editor. III. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Occupational Therapy. 2. Adolescent. 3. Child, Exceptional. 4. Child.
5. Developmental Disabilities—rehabilitation. 6. Disabled Children—rehabilitation. WS 368]
RJ53.O25
615.8515083—dc23
2014033094
Professional Reference Director: Penny Rudolph
Content Development Manager: Jolynn Gower
Publishing Services Manager: Jeff Patterson
Project Manager: Tracey Schriefer
Design Direction: Karen Pauls/Renee Duenow
Printed in Canada.
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
, Dr. Jane Case-Smith was soft spoken, thoughtful, and a brilliant scholar,
who consistently reinforced respect for children and their families.
She developed personal and professional relationships with each author, helping them
to produce chapters that would lead students, practitioners, and educators in their best practice.
Jane also believed strongly in using science as a foundation for intervention,
while never overlooking the art of therapy.
Her ability to integrate these two important aspects of occupational therapy will forever influence
the profession and help many children and their families participate in daily occupations.
Her spirit is infused throughout the pictures and words of this book.
I dedicate this book to my friend Dr. Jane Case-Smith.
, Contributors
Leslie Altimier, DNP, RNC, NE-BC Dennis Cleary, BA, BS, MS, OTD, OTR/L
Fellow, Nursing Assistant Professor
Northeastern University Division of Occupational Therapy
Boston, Massachutsetts The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
Beth Ball, MS (Allied Medicine),
BS (Occupational Therapy) Patty C. Coker-Bolt, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA
Member, Occupational Therapy Section Assistant Professor
Ohio Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy and Athletic Department of Health Professions
Trainers Board Medical University of South Carolina
Columbus, Ohio; Charleston, South Carolina
Member, Occupational Therapy Advisory Board
The Ohio State University Sharon Cosper, MHS, OTR/L
Columbus, Ohio Assistant Professor
Department of Occupational Therapy
Susan Bazyk, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA College of Allied Health Sciences
Professor, Occupational Therapy Georgia Regents University
School of Health Sciences Augusta, Georgia
Cleveland State University
Cleveland, Ohio Laura Crooks, OTR, MHA
Director, Rehabilitation Services
Matthew E. Brock, PhD Seattle Children’s Hospital
Department of Education Studies and Crane Center Seattle, Washington
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio Melissa Demir, MSW, LICSW
Department of Occupational Therapy
Susan Cahill, PhD, OTR/L Boston University
Assistant Professor Boston, Massachutsetts
Occupational Therapy Program
Midwestern University Jenny Dorich, MBA, OTR/L, CHT
Downers Grove, Illinois Occupational Therapist II
Program Lead, Hand Therapy
Erik Carter, PhD Division of Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy and
Associate Professor Therapeutic Recreation
Department of Special Education Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Vanderbilt University Cincinnati, Ohio
Nashville, Tennessee
Brian J. Dudgeon, PhD, OTR, FAOTA
Jane Case-Smith, EdD, OTR/L, FAOTA (deceased) Professor and Chair, Department of Occupational Therapy
Professor and Chair School of Health Professions
Division of Occupational Therapy University of Alabama at Birmingham
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Birmingham, Alabama
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio M. Louise Dunn, ScD, OTR/L
Associate Professor
Jana Cason, DHS, OTR/L, FAOTA School of Occupational Therapy
Associate Professor Brenau University
Auerbach School of Occupational Therapy Gainesville, Georgia
Spalding University
Louisville, Kentucky Charlotte E. Exner, PhD, OT/L, FAOTA
Executive Director
Elizabeth Chapelle Hussman Center for Adults with Autism
Occupational Therapy Towson University
Seattle Children’s Hospital Towson, Maryland
Seattle, Washington
Kaity Gain, PhD, MSc, OT
Health and Rehabilitation Science
Western University
London, Ontario
Canada
vi
