Lutz Chapter 4- Proteins
Proteins are large, complex molecules composed of: correct answers -Carbon
-Hydrogen
-Oxygen
-Nitrogen
Proteins are arranged in: correct answers building blocks called amino acids
Amino acids correct answers are linked by peptide bonds in an exact order to make a
particular protein.
-23 amino acids have been identified as important to the body's metabolism.
-Classified as essential, conditionally (or acquired) essential, or nonessential.
Polypeptide correct answers a chain of two or more amino acids joined together by
peptide bonds
Precision is necessary: correct answers to manufacture proteins. A slight genetic error
in the construction of a protein, such as occurs in sickle cell disease, can have severe
consequences.
Essential amino acids: correct answers -group of 9 AAs classified if the body is unable
to make it in sufficient amounts to meet metabolic needs.
-Must be available in the body simultaneously and in sufficient quantity for the synthesis
of body proteins.
-May come from recently ingested food or from the body's own cells as they age and
are broken down and replaced.
-30% of the protein requirement for infants and children should be constituted of
essential amino acids.
-Ex: Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine,
Tryptophan, Valine.
Conditionally (Acquired) Essential Amino Acids correct answers -are conditionally
essential or can become, depending on the biochemical needs of the body and the
health of its organs.
-needed by the body in special situations when the body has undergone trauma, stress,
or illness.
- ex: Arginine, Cysteine, Glutamine, Proline, Tyrosine
nonessential amino acids correct answers -those that the body ordinarily can build in
sufficient quantities to meet its needs.
-Derived from other amino acids
-Necessary for good health, but normally adults do not have to obtain them from food.
Proteins are large, complex molecules composed of: correct answers -Carbon
-Hydrogen
-Oxygen
-Nitrogen
Proteins are arranged in: correct answers building blocks called amino acids
Amino acids correct answers are linked by peptide bonds in an exact order to make a
particular protein.
-23 amino acids have been identified as important to the body's metabolism.
-Classified as essential, conditionally (or acquired) essential, or nonessential.
Polypeptide correct answers a chain of two or more amino acids joined together by
peptide bonds
Precision is necessary: correct answers to manufacture proteins. A slight genetic error
in the construction of a protein, such as occurs in sickle cell disease, can have severe
consequences.
Essential amino acids: correct answers -group of 9 AAs classified if the body is unable
to make it in sufficient amounts to meet metabolic needs.
-Must be available in the body simultaneously and in sufficient quantity for the synthesis
of body proteins.
-May come from recently ingested food or from the body's own cells as they age and
are broken down and replaced.
-30% of the protein requirement for infants and children should be constituted of
essential amino acids.
-Ex: Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine,
Tryptophan, Valine.
Conditionally (Acquired) Essential Amino Acids correct answers -are conditionally
essential or can become, depending on the biochemical needs of the body and the
health of its organs.
-needed by the body in special situations when the body has undergone trauma, stress,
or illness.
- ex: Arginine, Cysteine, Glutamine, Proline, Tyrosine
nonessential amino acids correct answers -those that the body ordinarily can build in
sufficient quantities to meet its needs.
-Derived from other amino acids
-Necessary for good health, but normally adults do not have to obtain them from food.
