NUR 2063 MODLE 4-6 FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024
Gastrointestinal system is responsible for - ANSWER ▪intake, digestion, and elimination of foods and
fluids
▪Proper functioning is key to adequate nutrition
Gastrointestinal system includes - ANSWER Upper division, lower division, Hepatobiliary
Upper division - ANSWER oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach
lower division - ANSWER small intestine, large intestine, and anus
Hepatobiliary - ANSWER liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Dysphasia - ANSWER difficulty swallowing
◦Weight loss is an expected finding with progressive dysphasia
Example of Dyshphasia - ANSWER An infant presenting with congenital birth defects, cleft lift and cleft
palate, results in difficulties with feedings
Hiatal hernia - ANSWER ▪a stomach section protrudes upward through an opening in the diaphragm that
the esophagus passes through
▪weakening of the diaphragm muscle most likely caused from increased intra-abdominal pressure
Gastritis - ANSWER ▪inflammation of the stomach's mucosal lining
▪Acute gastritis - can be a mild, transient irritation, or it can be a severe ulceration with hemorrhage
,Gastritis usually develops - ANSWER suddenly and is likely to be accompanied by nausea and epigastric
pain
What is associated with acute gastritis - ANSWER Epigastric pain
Chronic gastritis - ANSWER ▪develops gradually
▪May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by a dull epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness
after minimal intake
Complications of chronic gastritis - ANSWER peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage
Gastroenteritis - ANSWER Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of an infection or
allergic reaction
If is left Gastroenteritis untreated - ANSWER electrolyte imbalances and dehydration may occur
Gastroesophageal reflux disease - ANSWER chyme or bile periodically backs up from the stomach into
the esophagus, irritating the esophageal mucosa
Manifestations gastroesophageal reflux disease - ANSWER heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a
meal or when recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis, pharyngitis, regurgitation of food, and
sensation of a lump in the throat
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is often confused - ANSWER with angina and may warrant ruling out
cardiac disease
Gastroesophageal reflux disease complications - ANSWER esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal
cancer, and chronic pulmonary disease
Esophageal cancer - ANSWER is a serious potential complication of gastroesophageal reflux disorder
(GERD)
, Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) - ANSWER lesions affecting stomach lining or duodenum (small intestine)
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is caused by - ANSWER Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections
Clinical manifestation of Peptic ulcer disease - ANSWER Heartburn
peptic ulcer in the stomach is called - ANSWER gastric ulcer
peptic ulcer that develops in the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) is called a - ANSWER
duodenal ulcer
Duodenal ulcers are mostly associated with - ANSWER excessive acid or Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
infections
Duodenal ulcers are typically present with epigastric pain - ANSWER that is relieved in the presence of
food
Epigastric pain - ANSWER may begin in the middle of the night or 30 minutes to 2 hours after eating
when the stomach is empty
Gastric ulcers are - ANSWER less frequent but more deadly
Gastric ulcers - ANSWER Typically associated with malignancy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Gastric ulcers pain are - ANSWER typically worsens with eating
gastric ulcer can cause - ANSWER Occult blood in stool with chronic bleeding
Stress ulcers - ANSWER Develop because of a major physiological stressor on the body
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024
Gastrointestinal system is responsible for - ANSWER ▪intake, digestion, and elimination of foods and
fluids
▪Proper functioning is key to adequate nutrition
Gastrointestinal system includes - ANSWER Upper division, lower division, Hepatobiliary
Upper division - ANSWER oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach
lower division - ANSWER small intestine, large intestine, and anus
Hepatobiliary - ANSWER liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Dysphasia - ANSWER difficulty swallowing
◦Weight loss is an expected finding with progressive dysphasia
Example of Dyshphasia - ANSWER An infant presenting with congenital birth defects, cleft lift and cleft
palate, results in difficulties with feedings
Hiatal hernia - ANSWER ▪a stomach section protrudes upward through an opening in the diaphragm that
the esophagus passes through
▪weakening of the diaphragm muscle most likely caused from increased intra-abdominal pressure
Gastritis - ANSWER ▪inflammation of the stomach's mucosal lining
▪Acute gastritis - can be a mild, transient irritation, or it can be a severe ulceration with hemorrhage
,Gastritis usually develops - ANSWER suddenly and is likely to be accompanied by nausea and epigastric
pain
What is associated with acute gastritis - ANSWER Epigastric pain
Chronic gastritis - ANSWER ▪develops gradually
▪May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by a dull epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness
after minimal intake
Complications of chronic gastritis - ANSWER peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage
Gastroenteritis - ANSWER Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of an infection or
allergic reaction
If is left Gastroenteritis untreated - ANSWER electrolyte imbalances and dehydration may occur
Gastroesophageal reflux disease - ANSWER chyme or bile periodically backs up from the stomach into
the esophagus, irritating the esophageal mucosa
Manifestations gastroesophageal reflux disease - ANSWER heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a
meal or when recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis, pharyngitis, regurgitation of food, and
sensation of a lump in the throat
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is often confused - ANSWER with angina and may warrant ruling out
cardiac disease
Gastroesophageal reflux disease complications - ANSWER esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal
cancer, and chronic pulmonary disease
Esophageal cancer - ANSWER is a serious potential complication of gastroesophageal reflux disorder
(GERD)
, Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) - ANSWER lesions affecting stomach lining or duodenum (small intestine)
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is caused by - ANSWER Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections
Clinical manifestation of Peptic ulcer disease - ANSWER Heartburn
peptic ulcer in the stomach is called - ANSWER gastric ulcer
peptic ulcer that develops in the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) is called a - ANSWER
duodenal ulcer
Duodenal ulcers are mostly associated with - ANSWER excessive acid or Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
infections
Duodenal ulcers are typically present with epigastric pain - ANSWER that is relieved in the presence of
food
Epigastric pain - ANSWER may begin in the middle of the night or 30 minutes to 2 hours after eating
when the stomach is empty
Gastric ulcers are - ANSWER less frequent but more deadly
Gastric ulcers - ANSWER Typically associated with malignancy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Gastric ulcers pain are - ANSWER typically worsens with eating
gastric ulcer can cause - ANSWER Occult blood in stool with chronic bleeding
Stress ulcers - ANSWER Develop because of a major physiological stressor on the body
