BSNC 5000 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the six domains of cognitive function? ✅-Perceptual motor function
-Language
-Learning and memory
-social cognition
-complex attention
-executive function
What processes happen within the cerebral cortex? ✅-Attention
-Memory
-Perceptual awareness
-Consciousness
-Thought
-Language
What processes happen within the frontal cortex? ✅Executive function: abstract
thinking, organizing, planning, self-control
What is the corpus callosum? ✅-The primary function is to integrate motor, sensory
and cognitive performance between the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain to the
same region on the other side of the brain
-Important for attention and performance of cognitive tasks
-Develops throughout gestation
What is the hippocampus? ✅-Responsible for learning: consolidation of information
from short-term memory to long-term memory
-Forms early in second trimester
-Neural interconnections within the hippocampus occur late in pregnancy
What does the basal ganglia: putamen and globus pallidus do? ✅-Control of voluntary
motor movements
-Procedural learning
-Habit learning
-Rapid eye movements
-Cognition
-Emotion
What does the basal ganglia: caudate nucleus do? ✅-Memory storage (Unconscious
and long-term)
-Associative and procedural learning
-Decision making and planning
, What does the cerebellum do? ✅-Movement: the ability to plan and carry out specific
movements
-Cognition
What does the anterior cingulate gyrus do? ✅-Management of emotions
What are some defining characteristics of FASD? ✅-Have less overall brain volume
-Defects in the frontal lobe, the corpus callosum, the cerebellum, the hippocampus, and
the basal ganglia
-Poor communication between regions of the brain
-Damage is not static
-Also have altered brain development
-Consistently score lower on all cognitive measures: decision-making, the ability to
organize and plan, learning and memory and motor control
How does FASD impact the corpus callosum? ✅-Motor tasks and coordination are
affected
-Easily distracted and impulsive
How does FASD impact basal ganglia functioning? ✅-Damage to the basal ganglia
impairs spatial memory and various cognitive processes
How does FASD impact cerebellum functioning? ✅-Reduced size of the cerebellum
affects balance, gait, coordination, cognition
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the pre-frontal cortex? ✅-Difficulty planning,
initiating, and realising actions or correcting errors
-Easily distracted
-Unable to be flexible when things change
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the basal ganglia? ✅-Poor impulse control
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the corpus callosum? ✅Poor
communication between hemispheres of the brain
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the anterior cingulate gyrus? ✅Poor
management of emotions
How does ASD impact the functioning of the cerebral cortex? ✅-Atypical cortical
folding
-Unable to be flexible when things change
-Delayed language development leading to poor social communication
AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the six domains of cognitive function? ✅-Perceptual motor function
-Language
-Learning and memory
-social cognition
-complex attention
-executive function
What processes happen within the cerebral cortex? ✅-Attention
-Memory
-Perceptual awareness
-Consciousness
-Thought
-Language
What processes happen within the frontal cortex? ✅Executive function: abstract
thinking, organizing, planning, self-control
What is the corpus callosum? ✅-The primary function is to integrate motor, sensory
and cognitive performance between the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain to the
same region on the other side of the brain
-Important for attention and performance of cognitive tasks
-Develops throughout gestation
What is the hippocampus? ✅-Responsible for learning: consolidation of information
from short-term memory to long-term memory
-Forms early in second trimester
-Neural interconnections within the hippocampus occur late in pregnancy
What does the basal ganglia: putamen and globus pallidus do? ✅-Control of voluntary
motor movements
-Procedural learning
-Habit learning
-Rapid eye movements
-Cognition
-Emotion
What does the basal ganglia: caudate nucleus do? ✅-Memory storage (Unconscious
and long-term)
-Associative and procedural learning
-Decision making and planning
, What does the cerebellum do? ✅-Movement: the ability to plan and carry out specific
movements
-Cognition
What does the anterior cingulate gyrus do? ✅-Management of emotions
What are some defining characteristics of FASD? ✅-Have less overall brain volume
-Defects in the frontal lobe, the corpus callosum, the cerebellum, the hippocampus, and
the basal ganglia
-Poor communication between regions of the brain
-Damage is not static
-Also have altered brain development
-Consistently score lower on all cognitive measures: decision-making, the ability to
organize and plan, learning and memory and motor control
How does FASD impact the corpus callosum? ✅-Motor tasks and coordination are
affected
-Easily distracted and impulsive
How does FASD impact basal ganglia functioning? ✅-Damage to the basal ganglia
impairs spatial memory and various cognitive processes
How does FASD impact cerebellum functioning? ✅-Reduced size of the cerebellum
affects balance, gait, coordination, cognition
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the pre-frontal cortex? ✅-Difficulty planning,
initiating, and realising actions or correcting errors
-Easily distracted
-Unable to be flexible when things change
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the basal ganglia? ✅-Poor impulse control
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the corpus callosum? ✅Poor
communication between hemispheres of the brain
How does ADHD impact the functioning of the anterior cingulate gyrus? ✅Poor
management of emotions
How does ASD impact the functioning of the cerebral cortex? ✅-Atypical cortical
folding
-Unable to be flexible when things change
-Delayed language development leading to poor social communication
