NUR 370 PEDs Ball State Exam 3- Hemo,
Cardiac, Cellular, Resp, Immunological
Questions and Answers
Increase pulmonary blood flow ✅ASD, VSD, A-V canal, PDA
Decrease pulmonary blood flow ✅TGA, TOF, PS
Low Sats, cyanotic
Requires Prostaglandin E-I ✅TGA: duct art. Connects pulm veins to aorta. No
connection between pulm and syst. Circuits w/o this.
COA: obstructive/ stenosis of aorta.
HLHS: left side under developed, so unable to send oxygenated blood out to body w/o
ductus arterious.
TGA, COA, HLHS
X-ray findings. ✅ASD: increased heart size
VSD: none
A-V: none
TOF: boot shaped r/t right side hypertrophy.
PS: cardiomegaly
COA: increased heart size
TGA: egg shaped
HLHS: increased heart size, underdevel. Left side.
Conditions that need digoxin ✅VSD, CHF
Digoxin: increased CO, decreases HR, decreased edema
Toxicity s/sx: change in LOC, weak pulse, N/V/ diarrhea, bradycardia
If child vomits after first dose, wait until second dose, give it and if they comit again go
to doctor to get blood tests for toxicity.
Uses cardiac cath ✅A-V canal
PDA
PS
ASD
VSD
, TGA
COA, TOF, HLHS do NOT use cardiac cath.
First intervention for tet spell ✅knee to chest position, then calm child down.
Synagis: ✅given to prevent RSV infections. (resp)
Expensive. $1500 for 50 ml. 15 ml/kg dosage. Given q28 day. October- April.
Increased pulmonary blood flow s/sx. ✅edema, periorbital edema, murmurs,
congestion, fluid retention, frequent respiratory infections (cannot filter blood properly)
SOB, fatigue, chest pain/ pressure, poor weight gain
Decreased pulmonary blood flow s/sx. ✅cyanosis, pallor, polycythemia ( increased Hct
d/t decrease platelet r/t increase RBC production to oxygenated), clubbing
SOB, chest pain, fatigue,
ACE inhib ✅-prils
Captopril, enalapril
Decrease BP, vasodilate
S?E angioedema, cough, electrolyte imbalances
Diuretics ✅Lasix, spirolactilone (K+ sparing) thiazides
Decrease fluid volume and retention
Rheumatic fever ✅acquired heart disease
Affects valves.
Comes from strep infections (about 2 wks later).
Inflammation of heart, CNS, subcutaneous tissue, joints.
*prevent strep infections and seek med attention asap.
Major: chorea (invol movement of extremities and face) carditis, polyarthritis, subcut.
Nodules, erytherma marginatium (rash)
Minor: fever, arthralgias (soreness), increased ESR, increased CRP, first degree AV
block on EKG
MUST HAVE TO MAJOR OR TWO MINOR W/ RECENT STREP INFECTION.
TX: PCN or Erythromycin: prophylactic abx (5+ years) bed rest, CS.
Cardiac, Cellular, Resp, Immunological
Questions and Answers
Increase pulmonary blood flow ✅ASD, VSD, A-V canal, PDA
Decrease pulmonary blood flow ✅TGA, TOF, PS
Low Sats, cyanotic
Requires Prostaglandin E-I ✅TGA: duct art. Connects pulm veins to aorta. No
connection between pulm and syst. Circuits w/o this.
COA: obstructive/ stenosis of aorta.
HLHS: left side under developed, so unable to send oxygenated blood out to body w/o
ductus arterious.
TGA, COA, HLHS
X-ray findings. ✅ASD: increased heart size
VSD: none
A-V: none
TOF: boot shaped r/t right side hypertrophy.
PS: cardiomegaly
COA: increased heart size
TGA: egg shaped
HLHS: increased heart size, underdevel. Left side.
Conditions that need digoxin ✅VSD, CHF
Digoxin: increased CO, decreases HR, decreased edema
Toxicity s/sx: change in LOC, weak pulse, N/V/ diarrhea, bradycardia
If child vomits after first dose, wait until second dose, give it and if they comit again go
to doctor to get blood tests for toxicity.
Uses cardiac cath ✅A-V canal
PDA
PS
ASD
VSD
, TGA
COA, TOF, HLHS do NOT use cardiac cath.
First intervention for tet spell ✅knee to chest position, then calm child down.
Synagis: ✅given to prevent RSV infections. (resp)
Expensive. $1500 for 50 ml. 15 ml/kg dosage. Given q28 day. October- April.
Increased pulmonary blood flow s/sx. ✅edema, periorbital edema, murmurs,
congestion, fluid retention, frequent respiratory infections (cannot filter blood properly)
SOB, fatigue, chest pain/ pressure, poor weight gain
Decreased pulmonary blood flow s/sx. ✅cyanosis, pallor, polycythemia ( increased Hct
d/t decrease platelet r/t increase RBC production to oxygenated), clubbing
SOB, chest pain, fatigue,
ACE inhib ✅-prils
Captopril, enalapril
Decrease BP, vasodilate
S?E angioedema, cough, electrolyte imbalances
Diuretics ✅Lasix, spirolactilone (K+ sparing) thiazides
Decrease fluid volume and retention
Rheumatic fever ✅acquired heart disease
Affects valves.
Comes from strep infections (about 2 wks later).
Inflammation of heart, CNS, subcutaneous tissue, joints.
*prevent strep infections and seek med attention asap.
Major: chorea (invol movement of extremities and face) carditis, polyarthritis, subcut.
Nodules, erytherma marginatium (rash)
Minor: fever, arthralgias (soreness), increased ESR, increased CRP, first degree AV
block on EKG
MUST HAVE TO MAJOR OR TWO MINOR W/ RECENT STREP INFECTION.
TX: PCN or Erythromycin: prophylactic abx (5+ years) bed rest, CS.
