, Chapterki1kiIntroductionkitokiManagerialkiDecisionkiMaking
Multiplekichoice
1) Ankioptimalkisearchkiforkialternativeskishouldkilast:
a. Askilongkiaskineededkitokifindkithekibestkisolution.
b. Askilongkiaskineededkitokifindkithekifirstkigoodkienoughkisolution.
c. Askilongkiaskithekicostkiofkithekisearchkidoeskinotkioutweighkithekivaluekiofkithekiaddedki
information.
d. Askilongkiaskithekicostkiofkithekisearchkiiskiwithinkithekiappropriatekilimitskisetkibykitheki
decisionkimaker.kiAns:kic
Response:kip.ki2-3
2) Ratingkialternativeskionkieachkiofkithekidecisionkicriteriakiiskiconsideredkithekimostkidifficultk
istagekiofkithekidecision-makingkiprocess,kibecause:
a. Itkiassumeskiwekihavekipreciselykidefinedkiourkipriorities.
b. Itkirequireskiuskitokiforecastkihowkieachkialternativekisolutionkiwillkiachievekieachkiofkiourk
idecisionkicriteria.
c. Itkirequireskiuskitokicomparekiallkiofkithekialternativeskisimultaneously.
d. Itkiiskilikelykitokifailkiifkiourkiproblemkiiskinotkidefinedkicorrectly,kiandkithiskifailurekiwillkinotki
bekidetected.kiAns:kib
Response:kip.ki3
3) Inkithekiinterplaykibetweenkisystemki1kiandkisystemki2kithinking,kithekikeykigoalkiforkimanagerskiis:
a. Tokiimprovekitheirkiusekiofkisystemki1kithinking.
b. Tokiattemptkitokiusekisystemki2kithinkingkiaskimuchkiaskipossible.
c. Tokiapplykibothkisystemskiinkimakingkidecisionskiinkiorderkitokiperformkiakimoreki
thoroughkiandkicomplexkisearchkiforkialternatives.
d. Tokiidentifykiwhenkitheykishouldkimovekifromkisystemki1kitokisystemki2kithinking
.kiAns:kidkiResponse:kip.ki4
, 4) Whichkiofkithekifollowingkiiskiakitypicalkicharacteristickiofkiheuristics?
a. Theykiprovidekiuskiwithkiakisimplekiwaykiofkidealingkiwithkicomplexkiproblems.
b. Theykihavekithekibestkilikelihoodkiofkireachingkiankioptimalkisolutionkitokiakiproblem.
c. Theykiarekitimekiandkiresourcekiconsuming.
d. Theykiarekiusedkimainlykibykiirrationalkidecisionkimakers.
Ans:kiakiRespon
se:kip.ki6
Questionski5-
8kidescribekiexampleskiofkiheuristicskioutlinedkiinkithekichapter.kiForkieachkiquestion,kiindicatekiwhichkiheuri
stickiitkidescribes:
a. Thekirepresentativenesskiheuristic.
b. Thekiavailabilitykiheuristic.
c. Thekiconfirmationkiheuristic.
d. Thekiaffectkiheuristic.
5) InnerkicitykicrimekiinkithekiU.S.kigetskiconsiderablekimediakicoverage,kisuchkithatkieverykihomicid
ekiiskireportedkiinkithekinews.kiInkicontrast,kiakistorykiofkiakipersonkiwhokidiedkifromkiakiheartkiatta
ckkirarelykimakeskithekinews.kiThiskileadskipeoplekitokioverestimatekithekifrequencykiofkideathski
duekitokihomicideskirelativekitokithosekiduekitokiheartkifailure.
Ans:kibk i Respon
se:kip.ki7-8
6) Johnkiiskioverkisevenkifeetkitall.kiWhenkiaskedkiwhetherkiJohnkiiskiakiprofessionalkibasketballkipl
ayerkiorkiakisoftwarekiprogrammer,kimanykipeoplekipredictkithekiformer,kievenkithoughkithere
kiarekimanykimorekisoftwarekiprogrammers,kievenkiverykitallkiones,kithankiprofessionalkibaske
tballkiplayers. Ans:kia
Response:kip.ki8-9
, 7) Afterkireadingkiaboutkithekipositivekieffectkichocolatekihaskionkistudentkiperformance,kiakiteacher
kigiveskieachkistudentkiinkiakiclasskiakichocolatekibarkibeforekitakingkiankiexam.ki15kioutkiofki22kistu
dentskiinkithatkiclasskigetkiankiAkionkithekiexam.kiThekiteacherkithereforekiconcludeskithatkichocol
atekienhanceskiperformance.kiAns:kic
Response:kip.ki9-10
8) Akicommonkiwisdomkiinkipoliticskiiskithatkithekimorekiankiargumentkiiskirepeated,kithekimore
kiitkiwillkibekiconsideredkibykithekipublickiaskireliablekiandkitrue.
Ans:kibk i Respon
se:kip.ki7-8
9) Thekiaffectkiheuristickicankiexplainkiwhy
a. PeoplekiwhokilivekiinkiCaliforniakiarekiassumedkitokibekihappierkithankipeoplekiwhokili
vekiinkithekiMidwest.
b. Studentskipredictkitheykiwillkibekisadderkiafterkigettingkiakibadkigradekionkiakitestkit
hankitheykiactuallykiarekiinkithesekisituations.
c. Peoplekidokinotkirememberkisadkieventskifromkitheirkiearlykichildhood.
d. Stockkipriceskigokiupkionkisunnykidays.
Ans:kidkiRespon
se:kip.ki10
True/False
10) Succumbingkitokiheuristicskiiskiinevitable,kiandkitherekiiskinokiwaykitokimakekijudgmentkilesskipro
nekithem.kiRather,kionekicankionlykibekiawarekiofkithekibiasingkieffectkiheuristicskihavekionkione’
skijudgment.
Ans:kiFalsekiRes
ponse:kip.ki11
Multiplekichoice
1) Ankioptimalkisearchkiforkialternativeskishouldkilast:
a. Askilongkiaskineededkitokifindkithekibestkisolution.
b. Askilongkiaskineededkitokifindkithekifirstkigoodkienoughkisolution.
c. Askilongkiaskithekicostkiofkithekisearchkidoeskinotkioutweighkithekivaluekiofkithekiaddedki
information.
d. Askilongkiaskithekicostkiofkithekisearchkiiskiwithinkithekiappropriatekilimitskisetkibykitheki
decisionkimaker.kiAns:kic
Response:kip.ki2-3
2) Ratingkialternativeskionkieachkiofkithekidecisionkicriteriakiiskiconsideredkithekimostkidifficultk
istagekiofkithekidecision-makingkiprocess,kibecause:
a. Itkiassumeskiwekihavekipreciselykidefinedkiourkipriorities.
b. Itkirequireskiuskitokiforecastkihowkieachkialternativekisolutionkiwillkiachievekieachkiofkiourk
idecisionkicriteria.
c. Itkirequireskiuskitokicomparekiallkiofkithekialternativeskisimultaneously.
d. Itkiiskilikelykitokifailkiifkiourkiproblemkiiskinotkidefinedkicorrectly,kiandkithiskifailurekiwillkinotki
bekidetected.kiAns:kib
Response:kip.ki3
3) Inkithekiinterplaykibetweenkisystemki1kiandkisystemki2kithinking,kithekikeykigoalkiforkimanagerskiis:
a. Tokiimprovekitheirkiusekiofkisystemki1kithinking.
b. Tokiattemptkitokiusekisystemki2kithinkingkiaskimuchkiaskipossible.
c. Tokiapplykibothkisystemskiinkimakingkidecisionskiinkiorderkitokiperformkiakimoreki
thoroughkiandkicomplexkisearchkiforkialternatives.
d. Tokiidentifykiwhenkitheykishouldkimovekifromkisystemki1kitokisystemki2kithinking
.kiAns:kidkiResponse:kip.ki4
, 4) Whichkiofkithekifollowingkiiskiakitypicalkicharacteristickiofkiheuristics?
a. Theykiprovidekiuskiwithkiakisimplekiwaykiofkidealingkiwithkicomplexkiproblems.
b. Theykihavekithekibestkilikelihoodkiofkireachingkiankioptimalkisolutionkitokiakiproblem.
c. Theykiarekitimekiandkiresourcekiconsuming.
d. Theykiarekiusedkimainlykibykiirrationalkidecisionkimakers.
Ans:kiakiRespon
se:kip.ki6
Questionski5-
8kidescribekiexampleskiofkiheuristicskioutlinedkiinkithekichapter.kiForkieachkiquestion,kiindicatekiwhichkiheuri
stickiitkidescribes:
a. Thekirepresentativenesskiheuristic.
b. Thekiavailabilitykiheuristic.
c. Thekiconfirmationkiheuristic.
d. Thekiaffectkiheuristic.
5) InnerkicitykicrimekiinkithekiU.S.kigetskiconsiderablekimediakicoverage,kisuchkithatkieverykihomicid
ekiiskireportedkiinkithekinews.kiInkicontrast,kiakistorykiofkiakipersonkiwhokidiedkifromkiakiheartkiatta
ckkirarelykimakeskithekinews.kiThiskileadskipeoplekitokioverestimatekithekifrequencykiofkideathski
duekitokihomicideskirelativekitokithosekiduekitokiheartkifailure.
Ans:kibk i Respon
se:kip.ki7-8
6) Johnkiiskioverkisevenkifeetkitall.kiWhenkiaskedkiwhetherkiJohnkiiskiakiprofessionalkibasketballkipl
ayerkiorkiakisoftwarekiprogrammer,kimanykipeoplekipredictkithekiformer,kievenkithoughkithere
kiarekimanykimorekisoftwarekiprogrammers,kievenkiverykitallkiones,kithankiprofessionalkibaske
tballkiplayers. Ans:kia
Response:kip.ki8-9
, 7) Afterkireadingkiaboutkithekipositivekieffectkichocolatekihaskionkistudentkiperformance,kiakiteacher
kigiveskieachkistudentkiinkiakiclasskiakichocolatekibarkibeforekitakingkiankiexam.ki15kioutkiofki22kistu
dentskiinkithatkiclasskigetkiankiAkionkithekiexam.kiThekiteacherkithereforekiconcludeskithatkichocol
atekienhanceskiperformance.kiAns:kic
Response:kip.ki9-10
8) Akicommonkiwisdomkiinkipoliticskiiskithatkithekimorekiankiargumentkiiskirepeated,kithekimore
kiitkiwillkibekiconsideredkibykithekipublickiaskireliablekiandkitrue.
Ans:kibk i Respon
se:kip.ki7-8
9) Thekiaffectkiheuristickicankiexplainkiwhy
a. PeoplekiwhokilivekiinkiCaliforniakiarekiassumedkitokibekihappierkithankipeoplekiwhokili
vekiinkithekiMidwest.
b. Studentskipredictkitheykiwillkibekisadderkiafterkigettingkiakibadkigradekionkiakitestkit
hankitheykiactuallykiarekiinkithesekisituations.
c. Peoplekidokinotkirememberkisadkieventskifromkitheirkiearlykichildhood.
d. Stockkipriceskigokiupkionkisunnykidays.
Ans:kidkiRespon
se:kip.ki10
True/False
10) Succumbingkitokiheuristicskiiskiinevitable,kiandkitherekiiskinokiwaykitokimakekijudgmentkilesskipro
nekithem.kiRather,kionekicankionlykibekiawarekiofkithekibiasingkieffectkiheuristicskihavekionkione’
skijudgment.
Ans:kiFalsekiRes
ponse:kip.ki11
