Obsessive compulsive and related
disorders Exam 2024/2025
associated features of body dysmorphic disorder - ANSWER-many who have this
disorder have ideas or delusions of reference believing that other people take special
notice of them or mock them because of how they look
associated with high levels of anxiety, social anxiety, social avoidance, depressed mood
etc.
associated with elevated hostility and aggressive behavior.
majority of individuals receive cosmetic treatment to try to improve their perceived
defects.
responds poorly to such treatment and sometimes becomes worse
associated with abnormalities in emotional regulation, attention and executive function,
etc.
associated features of excoriation - ANSWER-accompanied by a range of behaviors or
rituals involving skin or scabs. thus, individuals may search for a particular kind of scab
to pull and may examine, play with or swallow sin after it was pulled
may be preceded or accompanied by various emotional states- may be triggered by
feelings of anxiety or boredom, may be preceded by increasing sense of tension and
may lead to gratification, pleasure, or sense of relief
some report picking in response to minor skin irregularity or to relieve an uncomfortable
bodily sensation
does not occur in the presence of others save for immediate family members
associated features of hoarding disorder - ANSWER-common features include:
indecisiveness, perfectionism, avoidance, procrastination, difficulty planning and
organizing tasks, and distractibility
some individuals live in unsanitary conditions that may be a logical consequence of
severely cluttered spaces and or that are related to planning and organizing difficulties
associated features of obsessive compulsive and related disorder due to another
medical condition - ANSWER-number of other medical conditions are known to include
obsessive compulsive and related symptoms as a manifestation
associated features of obsessive compulsive disorders - ANSWER-sensory phenomena
defined a physical experiences that precede compulsions are common with ocd
it is common for individuals with the disorder to avoid people, places and things that
trigger obsessions and compulsions
many individuals with ocd have dysfunctional beliefs which can include an inflated
sense of responsibility and tend to overestimate the threat
associated features of substance/medication induced obsessive compulsive and related
disorder - ANSWER-obsessions compulsions hair picking skin picking or other bodily
, focused repetitive behaviors can occur in association with intoxication from following
class of substances stimulants and other unknown substances heavy metals and toxins
may also cause obsessive compulsive related disorder symptoms.
associated features of trichotillomania - ANSWER-may be accompanied by range of
behaviors or rituals involving hair, thus, individuals may search for a particular kind of
hair to pull, may try to pull hair in a significant way or may visually examine or tactilely or
orally manipulate the hair after it has been pulled. action may precede or be
accompanied by various emotional states: may be triggered by anxiety or boredom,
may be preceded by increasing sense of tension or may lead to gratification, pleasure
or sense of relief when hair is pulled out. may involve varying degrees of awareness.
patterns of hair loss is highly variable and hair pulling does not usually occur in
presence of other individuals, except immediate family members
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (F45.22) - ANSWER-A. preoccupation with one or more
perceived defects or flows in physical appearance that are not observable or appear
slight to others.
B. at some point during course of the disorder, individual has performed repetitive
behaviors (e.g., mirror checking, reassurance seeking, etc.) or mental acts (comparing
appearance to others) in response to appearance concerns.
C. preoccupation causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
D. appearance preoccupation is not better explained by concerns with body fat or
weight in an individual whose symptoms meet diagnostic criteria for an eating disorder.
specify if: with muscle dysphoria.
specify if: indicate degree of insight regarding body dysmorphic disorder beliefs (with
good insight, poor insight, absent insight or delusional beliefs)
comorbidity of body dysmorphic disorder - ANSWER-major depressive disorder is most
common with onset usually after body dysmorphic. comorbid social anxiety disorder,
OCD and substance related disorders are also common
comorbidity of excoriation - ANSWER-often accompanied by other mental disorders
such as ocd and trichotillomania as well as major depressive disorder. depression
comorbidity is also common in women
comorbidity of hoarding disorder - ANSWER-approx. 75% of individuals with hoarding
disorder have comorbid mood or anxiety disorders. most common comorbid conditions
are major depressive disorder, social anxiety and generalized anxiety
comorbidity of obsessive compulsive disorders - ANSWER-many have a lifetime
diagnosis with anxiety disorders or depressive and bipolar disorder
comorbidity of trichotillomania - ANSWER-often accompanied by other mental
disorders, most commonly major depressive and excoriation disorder
disorders Exam 2024/2025
associated features of body dysmorphic disorder - ANSWER-many who have this
disorder have ideas or delusions of reference believing that other people take special
notice of them or mock them because of how they look
associated with high levels of anxiety, social anxiety, social avoidance, depressed mood
etc.
associated with elevated hostility and aggressive behavior.
majority of individuals receive cosmetic treatment to try to improve their perceived
defects.
responds poorly to such treatment and sometimes becomes worse
associated with abnormalities in emotional regulation, attention and executive function,
etc.
associated features of excoriation - ANSWER-accompanied by a range of behaviors or
rituals involving skin or scabs. thus, individuals may search for a particular kind of scab
to pull and may examine, play with or swallow sin after it was pulled
may be preceded or accompanied by various emotional states- may be triggered by
feelings of anxiety or boredom, may be preceded by increasing sense of tension and
may lead to gratification, pleasure, or sense of relief
some report picking in response to minor skin irregularity or to relieve an uncomfortable
bodily sensation
does not occur in the presence of others save for immediate family members
associated features of hoarding disorder - ANSWER-common features include:
indecisiveness, perfectionism, avoidance, procrastination, difficulty planning and
organizing tasks, and distractibility
some individuals live in unsanitary conditions that may be a logical consequence of
severely cluttered spaces and or that are related to planning and organizing difficulties
associated features of obsessive compulsive and related disorder due to another
medical condition - ANSWER-number of other medical conditions are known to include
obsessive compulsive and related symptoms as a manifestation
associated features of obsessive compulsive disorders - ANSWER-sensory phenomena
defined a physical experiences that precede compulsions are common with ocd
it is common for individuals with the disorder to avoid people, places and things that
trigger obsessions and compulsions
many individuals with ocd have dysfunctional beliefs which can include an inflated
sense of responsibility and tend to overestimate the threat
associated features of substance/medication induced obsessive compulsive and related
disorder - ANSWER-obsessions compulsions hair picking skin picking or other bodily
, focused repetitive behaviors can occur in association with intoxication from following
class of substances stimulants and other unknown substances heavy metals and toxins
may also cause obsessive compulsive related disorder symptoms.
associated features of trichotillomania - ANSWER-may be accompanied by range of
behaviors or rituals involving hair, thus, individuals may search for a particular kind of
hair to pull, may try to pull hair in a significant way or may visually examine or tactilely or
orally manipulate the hair after it has been pulled. action may precede or be
accompanied by various emotional states: may be triggered by anxiety or boredom,
may be preceded by increasing sense of tension or may lead to gratification, pleasure
or sense of relief when hair is pulled out. may involve varying degrees of awareness.
patterns of hair loss is highly variable and hair pulling does not usually occur in
presence of other individuals, except immediate family members
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (F45.22) - ANSWER-A. preoccupation with one or more
perceived defects or flows in physical appearance that are not observable or appear
slight to others.
B. at some point during course of the disorder, individual has performed repetitive
behaviors (e.g., mirror checking, reassurance seeking, etc.) or mental acts (comparing
appearance to others) in response to appearance concerns.
C. preoccupation causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
D. appearance preoccupation is not better explained by concerns with body fat or
weight in an individual whose symptoms meet diagnostic criteria for an eating disorder.
specify if: with muscle dysphoria.
specify if: indicate degree of insight regarding body dysmorphic disorder beliefs (with
good insight, poor insight, absent insight or delusional beliefs)
comorbidity of body dysmorphic disorder - ANSWER-major depressive disorder is most
common with onset usually after body dysmorphic. comorbid social anxiety disorder,
OCD and substance related disorders are also common
comorbidity of excoriation - ANSWER-often accompanied by other mental disorders
such as ocd and trichotillomania as well as major depressive disorder. depression
comorbidity is also common in women
comorbidity of hoarding disorder - ANSWER-approx. 75% of individuals with hoarding
disorder have comorbid mood or anxiety disorders. most common comorbid conditions
are major depressive disorder, social anxiety and generalized anxiety
comorbidity of obsessive compulsive disorders - ANSWER-many have a lifetime
diagnosis with anxiety disorders or depressive and bipolar disorder
comorbidity of trichotillomania - ANSWER-often accompanied by other mental
disorders, most commonly major depressive and excoriation disorder
