survey of radiographic pathology FINAL
EXAM REVIEW (summer 20)
a disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is: correct answers
iatrogenic
a basic reaction of the body to some form of injury is a: correct answers disease
process
what term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown?
correct answers idiopathic
alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells, is called?
correct answers neoplasia
the initial response of body tissues to local injury is: correct answers inflammation
of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is: correct
answers tumor
some bacterial organisms produce substances that cause damage to the tissue and
incite the inflammatory process known as: correct answers toxins
chronic inflammation in a localized area, which often has centralized necrosis, is called:
correct answers a granuloma
in acute inflammation, the localized heat and redness are a result of the: correct
answers increased blood flow and vascular permeability
in pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called:
correct answers pus
localized _____ is produced in an inflammatory reaction as a result of a fluid
accumulation. correct answers edema
the protein-rich fluid associated with swelling in an inflammatory process is: correct
answers exudate
a localized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or organ produced by vascular
occlusion is a(n): correct answers infarct
,depriving tissues of oxygen and nutrients caused by an arterial vessel narrowing is
referred to as: correct answers ischemia
the progression of a loss of oxygen and nutrients resulting in tissue necrosis, especially
in the diabetic's foot, is called: correct answers gangrene
a subcutaneous hematoma greater than 1 to 2 cm is called a(n): correct answers
ecchymosis
an accumulation of blood trapped within the body tissues is known as a(an): correct
answers hematoma
bleeding into mucous membranes or serosal surfaces is referred to as: correct answers
petechiae
when a reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ occurs, this results in:
correct answers atrophy
which term is used to describe an increase in the size of an organ or tissue in response
to an increase in function? correct answers hypertrophy
the Latin word for "new growth" is: correct answers neoplasia
new growths that invade and destroy adjacent structures and have the ability to spread
are considered: correct answers malignant
a polyp is a: correct answers projecting mass from an inner mucous membrane
a malignancy of glandular tissue, such as breast or liver, is referred to as a(n): correct
answers adenocarcinoma
the study of neoplasms or tumors is called: correct answers oncology
tumors closely resembling their cells of origin in structure and function are called:
correct answers benign
when tumor cells flourish, causing the patient to become weak and emaciated, this
condition is referred to as: correct answers cachexia
tumors that contain muscle cells are called: correct answers myomas
tumor cells of stratified squamous epithelium, which invade and destroy adjacent
structures, make up: correct answers squamous cell carcinomas
if a neoplastic growth proliferates without form, it is considered: correct answers
anaplastic
, diffuse spread of malignant neoplasms by invasion into a natural body cavity is called:
correct answers seeding
the major metastatic route of carcinomas is: correct answers lymphatic spread
assessing the aggressiveness or degree of malignancy is referred to as: correct
answers grading
to determine the most appropriate therapy, the disease process must be: correct
answers staged
using a combination of cytotoxic substances to kill neoplastic cells is called: correct
answers chemotherapy
exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses may result in alterations in the DNA called:
correct answers mutations
when a vaccine or toxoid is used to counteract an antigen, it is considered: correct
answers active immunity
hypotension and vascular collapse with urticaria, bronchiolar spasm, and laryngeal
edema are characteristics of: correct answers anaphylactic reactions
all of the following are personal protective equipment (PPE), except: correct answers
sharps container
all of the following are additive diseases in terms of x-ray attenuation, except: correct
answers osteolytic metastasis
the butterfly shaped gland located in the neck. correct answers thyroid gland
_______________ controls sodium retention and potassium secretion. correct answers
mineralocorticoids
the four tiny glands on the superior and inferior aspects of the thyroid gland. correct
answers parathyroid glands
this gland contains an inner medulla and outer cortex. correct answers adrenal gland
natural iodine-containing substance to stimulate cellular metabolism. correct answers
thyroxine
produces two hormones: vasopressin and oxytocin. correct answers posterior lobe of
the pituitary
EXAM REVIEW (summer 20)
a disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is: correct answers
iatrogenic
a basic reaction of the body to some form of injury is a: correct answers disease
process
what term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown?
correct answers idiopathic
alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells, is called?
correct answers neoplasia
the initial response of body tissues to local injury is: correct answers inflammation
of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is: correct
answers tumor
some bacterial organisms produce substances that cause damage to the tissue and
incite the inflammatory process known as: correct answers toxins
chronic inflammation in a localized area, which often has centralized necrosis, is called:
correct answers a granuloma
in acute inflammation, the localized heat and redness are a result of the: correct
answers increased blood flow and vascular permeability
in pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called:
correct answers pus
localized _____ is produced in an inflammatory reaction as a result of a fluid
accumulation. correct answers edema
the protein-rich fluid associated with swelling in an inflammatory process is: correct
answers exudate
a localized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or organ produced by vascular
occlusion is a(n): correct answers infarct
,depriving tissues of oxygen and nutrients caused by an arterial vessel narrowing is
referred to as: correct answers ischemia
the progression of a loss of oxygen and nutrients resulting in tissue necrosis, especially
in the diabetic's foot, is called: correct answers gangrene
a subcutaneous hematoma greater than 1 to 2 cm is called a(n): correct answers
ecchymosis
an accumulation of blood trapped within the body tissues is known as a(an): correct
answers hematoma
bleeding into mucous membranes or serosal surfaces is referred to as: correct answers
petechiae
when a reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ occurs, this results in:
correct answers atrophy
which term is used to describe an increase in the size of an organ or tissue in response
to an increase in function? correct answers hypertrophy
the Latin word for "new growth" is: correct answers neoplasia
new growths that invade and destroy adjacent structures and have the ability to spread
are considered: correct answers malignant
a polyp is a: correct answers projecting mass from an inner mucous membrane
a malignancy of glandular tissue, such as breast or liver, is referred to as a(n): correct
answers adenocarcinoma
the study of neoplasms or tumors is called: correct answers oncology
tumors closely resembling their cells of origin in structure and function are called:
correct answers benign
when tumor cells flourish, causing the patient to become weak and emaciated, this
condition is referred to as: correct answers cachexia
tumors that contain muscle cells are called: correct answers myomas
tumor cells of stratified squamous epithelium, which invade and destroy adjacent
structures, make up: correct answers squamous cell carcinomas
if a neoplastic growth proliferates without form, it is considered: correct answers
anaplastic
, diffuse spread of malignant neoplasms by invasion into a natural body cavity is called:
correct answers seeding
the major metastatic route of carcinomas is: correct answers lymphatic spread
assessing the aggressiveness or degree of malignancy is referred to as: correct
answers grading
to determine the most appropriate therapy, the disease process must be: correct
answers staged
using a combination of cytotoxic substances to kill neoplastic cells is called: correct
answers chemotherapy
exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses may result in alterations in the DNA called:
correct answers mutations
when a vaccine or toxoid is used to counteract an antigen, it is considered: correct
answers active immunity
hypotension and vascular collapse with urticaria, bronchiolar spasm, and laryngeal
edema are characteristics of: correct answers anaphylactic reactions
all of the following are personal protective equipment (PPE), except: correct answers
sharps container
all of the following are additive diseases in terms of x-ray attenuation, except: correct
answers osteolytic metastasis
the butterfly shaped gland located in the neck. correct answers thyroid gland
_______________ controls sodium retention and potassium secretion. correct answers
mineralocorticoids
the four tiny glands on the superior and inferior aspects of the thyroid gland. correct
answers parathyroid glands
this gland contains an inner medulla and outer cortex. correct answers adrenal gland
natural iodine-containing substance to stimulate cellular metabolism. correct answers
thyroxine
produces two hormones: vasopressin and oxytocin. correct answers posterior lobe of
the pituitary
