NUR 441 Exam 1 Questions and answers
| With complete solution 2024/25 RATED
A+
Define Public Health Nursing - Specialty practice within nursing and public health
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
Focus on improving the populations health by emphasizing prevention and attending to
II II II II II II II II II II II
multiple determinants of health
II II II II
Population focused instead of individual focused II II II II II
Population - All people occupying an area or all of those who share one or more
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
characteristics
II
People not necessarily interacting with one another
II II II II II II
Don't necessarily share a sense of belonging to that group
II II II II II II II II II
Ex: All people living in Miami Dade County
II II II II II II II
Aggregate - Mass or grouping of individuals considered as a whole
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
Loosely associated with one another II II II II
Sub-population within the larger population who possess some common characteristics II II II II II II II II II
Often related to high risk for specific health problems
II II II II II II II II
Ex: within Miami Dade county: HIV+ women, UM students, breastfeeding mothers
II II II II II II II II II II
Acute Care Nursing vs PHN - Acute Care Nursing:
II II II II II II II II II II II
Care of solitary patients
II II II
Primary illness end of health continuum II II II II II
PHN:
Care encompasses a much wider view
II II II II II
Primary charge to prevent health problems II II II II II
Promote higher levels of health II II II II
Primary Prevention - Measures taken to keep illness or injuries from occurring, precedes
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
disease or dysfunction
II II II
Examples - PHN providing childhood vaccinations, encourage elderly people to install and
II II II II II II II II II II II
use safety devices to prevent injuries from falls, teaching young adults healthy behaviors,
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
providing immunization programs
II II II
Secondary Prevention - Efforts to detect and treat existing disease
II II II II II II II II II II II II
Early diagnosis (screening) and treatment
II II II II
Efforts to detect and treat existing health problems at the earliest possible stage, when
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
disease or impairment is already present
II II II II II II
, Examples - HTN and cholesterol screening programs; encouraging breast and testicular
II II II II II II II II II II
self-examinations, regular mammograms, pap smear to deter possible cancers
II II II II II II II II II
Secondary prevention attempts to discover a health problem at a point when intervention II II II II II II II II II II II II
may lead to its control and or eradication
II II II II II II II II
Tertiary Prevention - Reduce the extent and severity of a health problem to its lowest
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
possible level to minimize disability and restore or preserve function
II II II II II II II II II II
Examples - treatment and rehab of persons after a stroke to reduce impairment, post
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
mastectomy exercise program to restore functioning, and early treatment and
II II II II II II II II II II
management of diabetes to reduce problems or slow their progress.
II II II II II II II II II II
Also, support groups or rehab groups - Alcoholics Anonymous, halfway houses for psych
II II II II II II II II II II II II
patients discharged from acute care settings or for inmates from prison
II II II II II II II II II II II
Different types of community - Collection of people who interact with one another and
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
whose common interests or characteristics form the basis for a sense of unity or
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
belonging
II
Types
Geographic → a community demarcated by geographic boundaries II II II II II II II
Ex: city, town, neighborhood
II II II
Common interest → a collection of people, even if they are scattered geographically, can
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
have an interest or goal that binds them together
II II II II II II II II II
Ex: church, professional org, college dorm, retirement home
II II II II II II II
Community of solution → Group of people who come together to solve a problem that II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
affects all of them
II II II II
Ex: City of Parkland, law enforcement, and city officials coming together to prevent school
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
violence
II
3 core PH functions - (1) Assessment:
II II II II II II II II II
Collection, analysis, and sharing of information about health conditions, risks, and II II II II II II II II II II
resources in a community
II II II II
Monitor health status to identify health problems
II II II II II II
Diagnose & investigate health problems II II II II
(2) Policy Development:
II II
Use of assessment data to develop policies
II II II II II II
Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
II II II II II II II II
Inform, educate, and empower II II II
Involves advocacy and political action to develop local, state and national policies
II II II II II II II II II II II
conducive to population health
II II II II
(3) Assurance:
II
Availability of necessary services throughout the community II II II II II II
Assure a competent public and personal healthcare workforce
II II II II II II II
Enforce laws II
| With complete solution 2024/25 RATED
A+
Define Public Health Nursing - Specialty practice within nursing and public health
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
Focus on improving the populations health by emphasizing prevention and attending to
II II II II II II II II II II II
multiple determinants of health
II II II II
Population focused instead of individual focused II II II II II
Population - All people occupying an area or all of those who share one or more
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
characteristics
II
People not necessarily interacting with one another
II II II II II II
Don't necessarily share a sense of belonging to that group
II II II II II II II II II
Ex: All people living in Miami Dade County
II II II II II II II
Aggregate - Mass or grouping of individuals considered as a whole
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
Loosely associated with one another II II II II
Sub-population within the larger population who possess some common characteristics II II II II II II II II II
Often related to high risk for specific health problems
II II II II II II II II
Ex: within Miami Dade county: HIV+ women, UM students, breastfeeding mothers
II II II II II II II II II II
Acute Care Nursing vs PHN - Acute Care Nursing:
II II II II II II II II II II II
Care of solitary patients
II II II
Primary illness end of health continuum II II II II II
PHN:
Care encompasses a much wider view
II II II II II
Primary charge to prevent health problems II II II II II
Promote higher levels of health II II II II
Primary Prevention - Measures taken to keep illness or injuries from occurring, precedes
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
disease or dysfunction
II II II
Examples - PHN providing childhood vaccinations, encourage elderly people to install and
II II II II II II II II II II II
use safety devices to prevent injuries from falls, teaching young adults healthy behaviors,
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
providing immunization programs
II II II
Secondary Prevention - Efforts to detect and treat existing disease
II II II II II II II II II II II II
Early diagnosis (screening) and treatment
II II II II
Efforts to detect and treat existing health problems at the earliest possible stage, when
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
disease or impairment is already present
II II II II II II
, Examples - HTN and cholesterol screening programs; encouraging breast and testicular
II II II II II II II II II II
self-examinations, regular mammograms, pap smear to deter possible cancers
II II II II II II II II II
Secondary prevention attempts to discover a health problem at a point when intervention II II II II II II II II II II II II
may lead to its control and or eradication
II II II II II II II II
Tertiary Prevention - Reduce the extent and severity of a health problem to its lowest
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
possible level to minimize disability and restore or preserve function
II II II II II II II II II II
Examples - treatment and rehab of persons after a stroke to reduce impairment, post
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
mastectomy exercise program to restore functioning, and early treatment and
II II II II II II II II II II
management of diabetes to reduce problems or slow their progress.
II II II II II II II II II II
Also, support groups or rehab groups - Alcoholics Anonymous, halfway houses for psych
II II II II II II II II II II II II
patients discharged from acute care settings or for inmates from prison
II II II II II II II II II II II
Different types of community - Collection of people who interact with one another and
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
whose common interests or characteristics form the basis for a sense of unity or
II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
belonging
II
Types
Geographic → a community demarcated by geographic boundaries II II II II II II II
Ex: city, town, neighborhood
II II II
Common interest → a collection of people, even if they are scattered geographically, can
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
have an interest or goal that binds them together
II II II II II II II II II
Ex: church, professional org, college dorm, retirement home
II II II II II II II
Community of solution → Group of people who come together to solve a problem that II II II II II II II II II II II II II II
affects all of them
II II II II
Ex: City of Parkland, law enforcement, and city officials coming together to prevent school
II II II II II II II II II II II II II
violence
II
3 core PH functions - (1) Assessment:
II II II II II II II II II
Collection, analysis, and sharing of information about health conditions, risks, and II II II II II II II II II II
resources in a community
II II II II
Monitor health status to identify health problems
II II II II II II
Diagnose & investigate health problems II II II II
(2) Policy Development:
II II
Use of assessment data to develop policies
II II II II II II
Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
II II II II II II II II
Inform, educate, and empower II II II
Involves advocacy and political action to develop local, state and national policies
II II II II II II II II II II II
conducive to population health
II II II II
(3) Assurance:
II
Availability of necessary services throughout the community II II II II II II
Assure a competent public and personal healthcare workforce
II II II II II II II
Enforce laws II
