NURS 3366 Patho Exam 1 | 235 Questions | With Complete
Solutions
23 pairs Correct Answers How many pairs of chromosomes
does a normal body cell have?
Acetone Breath Correct Answers When ketones are excreted
from the body via the lungs, causing a person's breath to smell
acidic, or like acetone
acute S&S Correct Answers fairly rapid appearance of S&S of
dz (over a day to several days); usually last only a short time
Aerobic Correct Answers Process that requires oxygen
Altered Acid-Base Balance Correct Answers Acid and base
disorders can be respiratory or metabolic in origin
Anaerobic Correct Answers Process that does not require
oxygen
Anemia Correct Answers A condition in which the blood is
deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.
Ataxia Correct Answers uncoordinated gait, staggering
autosomal Correct Answers not sex chromosomes
autosomal dominant disorder Correct Answers a disorder in
which a person needs only to inherit an abnormal gene from one
parent in order to develop the disease
,autosomal recessive disorder Correct Answers Occurs when
the disease causing allele is recessive and an individual has both
copies of the allele are notated with 2 lower case letters. E.g
sickle cell anemia
Calcium (Ca+) Correct Answers important cation for muscle
contraction and clotting
Cellulitis and S& S Correct Answers staph aureas on skin---
skin cells are injured--- inflammation----metabolic pathway of
cells disruption-----water enter cells pathologically-----cells leak
& malfunction. S&S ; painful, weeping, excoriated areas of the
skin
central Correct Answers usually refers to a problem, situation,
etc, that is occurring towards the center, or "core" of the body
characteristics of down syndrome Correct Answers poor
muscle tone, slanting eyes with
epicanthal folds, hyperflexibility, low-set
ears, small head, broad feet. 1/3 have heart
defects, lowered resistance to infections
Chloride (Cl-) Correct Answers follows Na and may travel
together as NaCl
Chromosomal disorders Correct Answers a type of genetic
disorder that results from alterations to the numbers or structure
of a chromosome, which in turn alters the "local" genes (genes
in the immediate area)--the genes' functionality is disrupted and
,they don't code proteins correctly, giving rise to the phenotype
(S&S) of the disorder.
chromosomal disorders Correct Answers a type of genetic
disorder that results from alterations to the numbers or structure
of a chromosome, which in turn alters the "local" genes--the
genes' functionality is disrupted and they don't code proteins
correctly, giving rise to the phenotype (S&S) of the disorder
chromosome Correct Answers a sequence of nucleotide bases
forms a gene; genes make up a DNA molecule, and that DNA
molecule forms into a specialized shape
chronic S&S Correct Answers develop more slowly; S&S are
often insidious and
last longer and/or wax and wane over months or years.
clinical manifestations Correct Answers the demonstration of
the presence of a sign and/or symptom of a disease
Compensation Correct Answers the return to homeostasis after
being challenged by a stressor
Compensatory mechanisms Correct Answers compensation is
achieved by the body's use of control mechanisms
Congenital defects Correct Answers are abnormalities that are
either detectable at birth and/or can be attributed to fetal
development "glitches."
, congenital defects (teratogenic disorders) Correct Answers
abnormalities that are either detectable at birth and/or can be
attributed to fetal development "glitches"
counterregulatory hormone Correct Answers Stimulate the
conversion of glycogen to glucose
Counterregulatory Hormones Correct Answers glucagon from
pancreas
cortisol from adrenal cortex
epinephrine from adrenal medulla
growth hormone from pituitary
have the opposite effects of insulin, because hypoglycemia is
stressful for the body so they come to rescue
Creatine Kinase (CK) Correct Answers muscle enzyme found
in skeletal and cardiac muscle; elevated blood levels associated
with heart attack, muscular dystrophy, and other skeletal muscle
pathologies
Cyanide Correct Answers Some medical& street drugs may
interfere with vit absorption, poisons e. g insecticide,
rodenticides, metal polishes, burning wool& silk, certain drugs
nitroprusside (bioterrorism drug)
Decompensation Correct Answers the failure to compensate,
adapt, heal, etc
deficiency of ATP for cellular functions Correct Answers ex—
without ATP, the Na / K pump of each cell cannot maintain
Solutions
23 pairs Correct Answers How many pairs of chromosomes
does a normal body cell have?
Acetone Breath Correct Answers When ketones are excreted
from the body via the lungs, causing a person's breath to smell
acidic, or like acetone
acute S&S Correct Answers fairly rapid appearance of S&S of
dz (over a day to several days); usually last only a short time
Aerobic Correct Answers Process that requires oxygen
Altered Acid-Base Balance Correct Answers Acid and base
disorders can be respiratory or metabolic in origin
Anaerobic Correct Answers Process that does not require
oxygen
Anemia Correct Answers A condition in which the blood is
deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.
Ataxia Correct Answers uncoordinated gait, staggering
autosomal Correct Answers not sex chromosomes
autosomal dominant disorder Correct Answers a disorder in
which a person needs only to inherit an abnormal gene from one
parent in order to develop the disease
,autosomal recessive disorder Correct Answers Occurs when
the disease causing allele is recessive and an individual has both
copies of the allele are notated with 2 lower case letters. E.g
sickle cell anemia
Calcium (Ca+) Correct Answers important cation for muscle
contraction and clotting
Cellulitis and S& S Correct Answers staph aureas on skin---
skin cells are injured--- inflammation----metabolic pathway of
cells disruption-----water enter cells pathologically-----cells leak
& malfunction. S&S ; painful, weeping, excoriated areas of the
skin
central Correct Answers usually refers to a problem, situation,
etc, that is occurring towards the center, or "core" of the body
characteristics of down syndrome Correct Answers poor
muscle tone, slanting eyes with
epicanthal folds, hyperflexibility, low-set
ears, small head, broad feet. 1/3 have heart
defects, lowered resistance to infections
Chloride (Cl-) Correct Answers follows Na and may travel
together as NaCl
Chromosomal disorders Correct Answers a type of genetic
disorder that results from alterations to the numbers or structure
of a chromosome, which in turn alters the "local" genes (genes
in the immediate area)--the genes' functionality is disrupted and
,they don't code proteins correctly, giving rise to the phenotype
(S&S) of the disorder.
chromosomal disorders Correct Answers a type of genetic
disorder that results from alterations to the numbers or structure
of a chromosome, which in turn alters the "local" genes--the
genes' functionality is disrupted and they don't code proteins
correctly, giving rise to the phenotype (S&S) of the disorder
chromosome Correct Answers a sequence of nucleotide bases
forms a gene; genes make up a DNA molecule, and that DNA
molecule forms into a specialized shape
chronic S&S Correct Answers develop more slowly; S&S are
often insidious and
last longer and/or wax and wane over months or years.
clinical manifestations Correct Answers the demonstration of
the presence of a sign and/or symptom of a disease
Compensation Correct Answers the return to homeostasis after
being challenged by a stressor
Compensatory mechanisms Correct Answers compensation is
achieved by the body's use of control mechanisms
Congenital defects Correct Answers are abnormalities that are
either detectable at birth and/or can be attributed to fetal
development "glitches."
, congenital defects (teratogenic disorders) Correct Answers
abnormalities that are either detectable at birth and/or can be
attributed to fetal development "glitches"
counterregulatory hormone Correct Answers Stimulate the
conversion of glycogen to glucose
Counterregulatory Hormones Correct Answers glucagon from
pancreas
cortisol from adrenal cortex
epinephrine from adrenal medulla
growth hormone from pituitary
have the opposite effects of insulin, because hypoglycemia is
stressful for the body so they come to rescue
Creatine Kinase (CK) Correct Answers muscle enzyme found
in skeletal and cardiac muscle; elevated blood levels associated
with heart attack, muscular dystrophy, and other skeletal muscle
pathologies
Cyanide Correct Answers Some medical& street drugs may
interfere with vit absorption, poisons e. g insecticide,
rodenticides, metal polishes, burning wool& silk, certain drugs
nitroprusside (bioterrorism drug)
Decompensation Correct Answers the failure to compensate,
adapt, heal, etc
deficiency of ATP for cellular functions Correct Answers ex—
without ATP, the Na / K pump of each cell cannot maintain
