Lecture 6 - Psychodynamic Theories
The roots of psychoanalysis (‘treatment’ of mental illness)
o Hysteria
Umbrella term for all kinds of mental illness that appear not to have a
physical cause
In 1980 ‘hysteria’ was replaced with more specific categories of
‘somatoform’ and ‘dissociative’ disorders in the DSM-III
Until the late 18th century, provisions for the mentally ill where
horrendous
Thought the reflect possession by evil spirits
Put on show for the amusement of the public
Permanently in chains
Care/Treatment
o Blood-letting
o Malnutrition
o ‘shock treatments’ common practice
o Somatoform disorder
Various physical symptoms with no apparent cause
Undifferentiated somatoform disorder
Conversion disorder
Pain disorder
Hypochondriasis
o Dissociative disorders
Persistent ‘out-of-body’ experiences
Dissociative amnesia
Dissociative fugue
Dissociative identity disorder
Dissociative disorder not otherwise specified
o Jonathon Joseph Gassner (1727-1779)
Cure many illnesses through exorcism
Ensure patient believes in the powers of Christ
Command demons responsible for illness to leave the patients
body
o Franz Anton Mesmer (1734-1815)
Similar results to Gassner but he argued it was due to magnetic forces in
his own body
Precursor to hypnosis
A commission evaluating the claims ultimately concluded that the effects
were the result of suggestibility rather than magnetic forces
Mesmer mesmerize
Prevailed due to the placebo effect
o Philippe pinel 91745-1826)
One of the first to advocate the humane treatment of the mentally ill
The roots of psychoanalysis (‘treatment’ of mental illness)
o Hysteria
Umbrella term for all kinds of mental illness that appear not to have a
physical cause
In 1980 ‘hysteria’ was replaced with more specific categories of
‘somatoform’ and ‘dissociative’ disorders in the DSM-III
Until the late 18th century, provisions for the mentally ill where
horrendous
Thought the reflect possession by evil spirits
Put on show for the amusement of the public
Permanently in chains
Care/Treatment
o Blood-letting
o Malnutrition
o ‘shock treatments’ common practice
o Somatoform disorder
Various physical symptoms with no apparent cause
Undifferentiated somatoform disorder
Conversion disorder
Pain disorder
Hypochondriasis
o Dissociative disorders
Persistent ‘out-of-body’ experiences
Dissociative amnesia
Dissociative fugue
Dissociative identity disorder
Dissociative disorder not otherwise specified
o Jonathon Joseph Gassner (1727-1779)
Cure many illnesses through exorcism
Ensure patient believes in the powers of Christ
Command demons responsible for illness to leave the patients
body
o Franz Anton Mesmer (1734-1815)
Similar results to Gassner but he argued it was due to magnetic forces in
his own body
Precursor to hypnosis
A commission evaluating the claims ultimately concluded that the effects
were the result of suggestibility rather than magnetic forces
Mesmer mesmerize
Prevailed due to the placebo effect
o Philippe pinel 91745-1826)
One of the first to advocate the humane treatment of the mentally ill
