NURS 711 Final Exam Part 1 Questions And Answers
_____ is an inborn error of metabolism of ____ characterized by ______ deficiency -
Answer PKU; amino acids; phenylalanine hydroxylase
what does PKU result in? - Answer inability of the body to convert phenylalanine to
tyrosine
what type of genetic disorder is PKU? - Answer autosomal recessive
what types of food should a child with PKU avoid? - Answer milk, eggs, cheese, nuts,
soybeans, chicken, beef, pork, fish (most protein containing foods)
what is the most common cause of PKU? - Answer mutations in PAH
______ pain is transmitted by ____ and refers to pain in _____ and the lining of ______ -
Answer visceral; C fibers; internal organs; body cavities
what quality pain can be associated with visceral pain? - Answer gnawing, throbbing,
intermittent cramping
what symptoms are associated with visceral pain? - Answer n/v, hypotension,
restlessness, shock (in some cases)
what type of pain is transmitted by sympathetic afferents and tends to be poorly
localized? - Answer visceral
what three structural changes occur during stress? - Answer (1) enlargement of the
adrenal gland cortex, (2) atrophy of the thymus gland and other lymphoid structures, (3)
, development of bleeding ulcers in the stomach and duodenal lining
what does the general adaptation syndrome represent? - Answer a nonspecific response
to noxious stimulu
what are the three stages of general adaptation syndrome? - Answer alarm (fight or flight;
CNS is aroused), resistance (or adaptation), exhaustion (marks the onset of certain
diseases)
what does the alarm stage of GAS activate? - Answer SNS and hypothalamus
what does the resistance/adaptation stage of GAS activate? - Answer cortisol, epi, norepi
what can the the exhaustion phase of GAS potentially cause? - Answer decreased
immune response, HF, kidney failure, death
the hallmark features of Parkinson Disease (PD) are loss of ____________ in the ______
with ________ deficiency in the _______ portion of the striatum - Answer dopaminergic
pigmented neurons; substantia nigra pars compacta; dopaminergic; putamen
what is the primary pathology of PD? - Answer degeneration of the basal ganglia with
formation of Lewy bodies
what occurs in PD as a result of dopamine depletion and relative excess of cholinergic
activity? - Answer hypertonia (tremor and rigidity) and akinesia (abnormal/involuntary
movements; referred to as Parkinsonism)
what are the classic clinical manifestations of PD? - Answer resting tremor, rigidity,
bradykinesia/akinesia, postural disturbances, dysarthria, dysphagia
what is the treatment for PD? - Answer drug therapy to restore or protect stratal
dopamine levels and decrease akinesia and other motor symptoms (i.e. carvidopa
_____ is an inborn error of metabolism of ____ characterized by ______ deficiency -
Answer PKU; amino acids; phenylalanine hydroxylase
what does PKU result in? - Answer inability of the body to convert phenylalanine to
tyrosine
what type of genetic disorder is PKU? - Answer autosomal recessive
what types of food should a child with PKU avoid? - Answer milk, eggs, cheese, nuts,
soybeans, chicken, beef, pork, fish (most protein containing foods)
what is the most common cause of PKU? - Answer mutations in PAH
______ pain is transmitted by ____ and refers to pain in _____ and the lining of ______ -
Answer visceral; C fibers; internal organs; body cavities
what quality pain can be associated with visceral pain? - Answer gnawing, throbbing,
intermittent cramping
what symptoms are associated with visceral pain? - Answer n/v, hypotension,
restlessness, shock (in some cases)
what type of pain is transmitted by sympathetic afferents and tends to be poorly
localized? - Answer visceral
what three structural changes occur during stress? - Answer (1) enlargement of the
adrenal gland cortex, (2) atrophy of the thymus gland and other lymphoid structures, (3)
, development of bleeding ulcers in the stomach and duodenal lining
what does the general adaptation syndrome represent? - Answer a nonspecific response
to noxious stimulu
what are the three stages of general adaptation syndrome? - Answer alarm (fight or flight;
CNS is aroused), resistance (or adaptation), exhaustion (marks the onset of certain
diseases)
what does the alarm stage of GAS activate? - Answer SNS and hypothalamus
what does the resistance/adaptation stage of GAS activate? - Answer cortisol, epi, norepi
what can the the exhaustion phase of GAS potentially cause? - Answer decreased
immune response, HF, kidney failure, death
the hallmark features of Parkinson Disease (PD) are loss of ____________ in the ______
with ________ deficiency in the _______ portion of the striatum - Answer dopaminergic
pigmented neurons; substantia nigra pars compacta; dopaminergic; putamen
what is the primary pathology of PD? - Answer degeneration of the basal ganglia with
formation of Lewy bodies
what occurs in PD as a result of dopamine depletion and relative excess of cholinergic
activity? - Answer hypertonia (tremor and rigidity) and akinesia (abnormal/involuntary
movements; referred to as Parkinsonism)
what are the classic clinical manifestations of PD? - Answer resting tremor, rigidity,
bradykinesia/akinesia, postural disturbances, dysarthria, dysphagia
what is the treatment for PD? - Answer drug therapy to restore or protect stratal
dopamine levels and decrease akinesia and other motor symptoms (i.e. carvidopa
