Test Bank For Introduction to Counseling: Voices from the
Field 8th Edition By Jeffrey A. Kottler; David S. Shepard
9781285084763 Chapter 1-15 Complete Guide .
What is a counselor? - ANSWER: A counselor has specific training, common core curricular
experiences, and belongs to professional organizations
Name five mental health professions - ANSWER: Counseling, social work, marriage and family therapy,
psychology, psychiatry
What is the reflective practitioner model? - ANSWER: Assumes you must synthesize what you are
learning with the person you already are, comparing as you go along
What is the difference between counseling and social work? - ANSWER: Social workers and better
trained with utilizing and understanding environmental, social and economic forces on clients.
Counselors prepare students more in skills of the helping profession.
What impact did Clifford Beers have on the mental health field? - ANSWER: Beers suffered from manic
depression, now termed bipolar disorder and was hospitalized for three years. He wrote A Man That
Found Itself which is an autobiography. This book created an outcry for more humane treatment of
mental patients. He organize the National Association for Mental Health. He helped establish the
National Institute of Mental Health.
What distinguishes counseling from helping and why is this important? - ANSWER: Helping can be
performed by many different people in a wide variety of settings, whereas counseling requires a
professional relationship between a trained counselor and client with the agreed upon issues of
remuneration, confidentiality, time limits, and responsibility.
What is an example of progressivism in counseling today? - ANSWER: Multiculturalism because by
understanding that culture plays a large role in a person's makeup and how one should be counseled.
It shares progressivism ideas of equality and mutuality
What are the big ideas of counseling? - ANSWER: values of quality, client advocacy and the
importance of career, potential for personal growth, belief in science, and influence of health, human
development, and biology
Who has been named the Father of Vocational Counseling? - ANSWER: Frank Parsons
What are Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages? - ANSWER: Oral, anal, latency, phallic, genital
What was the purpose of the NDEA? - ANSWER: To encourage students to go to graduate school to
pursue subjects such as math, science, and language by giving the money.
Define counseling - ANSWER: A professionally trained individual develops a contractual relationship
with a client and communicates with that person in a way that is deemed helpful
Who were the two psychologists who first began to separate themselves from Freud? - ANSWER: Jung
and Adler
Major Stage Theorists for each development area:
1. Psychosexual
2. Psychosocial
3. Cognitive
4. Moral
5. Religious faith
, 6. Intellect and ethics
7. Ego - ANSWER: 1. Freud
2. Erickson
3. Piaget
4. Kohlberg
5. Fowler
6. Perry
7. Loevinger
How many states allow counselors to diagnose? - ANSWER: 19
List 3 reasons it is important for counselors to be part of professional associations - ANSWER: A. Act as
advocates working with lobbying efforts and public awareness campaigns.
B. Set standards and develop ethical guidelines for the counseling profession.
C. Provide members with new knowledge and information
How are counseling groups beneficial for people who share common problems? - ANSWER: Groups
provide feedback, support, alternatives, and encouragement for behavior change.
Can a school counselor act as a disciplinarian? - ANSWER: No, it's never appropriate to punish a
student. Instead it is best to explain what consequences there are for whatever the student have
done or want to do.
Why are counselors not advice givers? - ANSWER: Clients are unlikely to act upon the advice that is
given to them. We are there to help lead them in the direction they need to go. We need to be active
listeners.
What are some of the benefits and what are some of the harms of the counselor functioning as a
diagnostician? - ANSWER: Some of the benefits are being able to generate easy communication
between multiple professionals caring for a client, a counselor is able to alleviate the client's guilt
because it provides the vocabulary for client to name what they are experiencing, and a diagnosis
makes it easier for family and friends to be part of the process without blaming the client.
Some harms include making the client feel hopeless because they feel stuck with a disease imposing
societal values on the client.
What are two ways counselors assess clients? - ANSWER: formal and informal assessment
When are counselors businesspersons or entrepreneurs? - ANSWER: Counselors are businesspersons
or entrepreneurs when they need to finance there work. While some counselors may be paid by
agencies they work for, some counselors must finance themselves and put a program in place to be
paid for their work.
Name and explain three roles of a counselor. - ANSWER: 1. Therapist: working with individuals or
groups in a therapeutic way to help clients make appropriate choices and changes in their lives.
2. Expert witness: Mental health professionals who are hired by attorneys or government to aid in a
case.
3. Researcher: using treatment methods that have an empirical base and researching new techniques.
True or False. All licensing and certification boards have specific requirements regarding continuing
education units. - ANSWER: True
What is the DSM? - ANSWER: It is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Currently, it is in its fifth version and it has the criteria for every known mental disorder.
In which counselor type is it appropriate to give advice? - ANSWER: Career counseling
Field 8th Edition By Jeffrey A. Kottler; David S. Shepard
9781285084763 Chapter 1-15 Complete Guide .
What is a counselor? - ANSWER: A counselor has specific training, common core curricular
experiences, and belongs to professional organizations
Name five mental health professions - ANSWER: Counseling, social work, marriage and family therapy,
psychology, psychiatry
What is the reflective practitioner model? - ANSWER: Assumes you must synthesize what you are
learning with the person you already are, comparing as you go along
What is the difference between counseling and social work? - ANSWER: Social workers and better
trained with utilizing and understanding environmental, social and economic forces on clients.
Counselors prepare students more in skills of the helping profession.
What impact did Clifford Beers have on the mental health field? - ANSWER: Beers suffered from manic
depression, now termed bipolar disorder and was hospitalized for three years. He wrote A Man That
Found Itself which is an autobiography. This book created an outcry for more humane treatment of
mental patients. He organize the National Association for Mental Health. He helped establish the
National Institute of Mental Health.
What distinguishes counseling from helping and why is this important? - ANSWER: Helping can be
performed by many different people in a wide variety of settings, whereas counseling requires a
professional relationship between a trained counselor and client with the agreed upon issues of
remuneration, confidentiality, time limits, and responsibility.
What is an example of progressivism in counseling today? - ANSWER: Multiculturalism because by
understanding that culture plays a large role in a person's makeup and how one should be counseled.
It shares progressivism ideas of equality and mutuality
What are the big ideas of counseling? - ANSWER: values of quality, client advocacy and the
importance of career, potential for personal growth, belief in science, and influence of health, human
development, and biology
Who has been named the Father of Vocational Counseling? - ANSWER: Frank Parsons
What are Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages? - ANSWER: Oral, anal, latency, phallic, genital
What was the purpose of the NDEA? - ANSWER: To encourage students to go to graduate school to
pursue subjects such as math, science, and language by giving the money.
Define counseling - ANSWER: A professionally trained individual develops a contractual relationship
with a client and communicates with that person in a way that is deemed helpful
Who were the two psychologists who first began to separate themselves from Freud? - ANSWER: Jung
and Adler
Major Stage Theorists for each development area:
1. Psychosexual
2. Psychosocial
3. Cognitive
4. Moral
5. Religious faith
, 6. Intellect and ethics
7. Ego - ANSWER: 1. Freud
2. Erickson
3. Piaget
4. Kohlberg
5. Fowler
6. Perry
7. Loevinger
How many states allow counselors to diagnose? - ANSWER: 19
List 3 reasons it is important for counselors to be part of professional associations - ANSWER: A. Act as
advocates working with lobbying efforts and public awareness campaigns.
B. Set standards and develop ethical guidelines for the counseling profession.
C. Provide members with new knowledge and information
How are counseling groups beneficial for people who share common problems? - ANSWER: Groups
provide feedback, support, alternatives, and encouragement for behavior change.
Can a school counselor act as a disciplinarian? - ANSWER: No, it's never appropriate to punish a
student. Instead it is best to explain what consequences there are for whatever the student have
done or want to do.
Why are counselors not advice givers? - ANSWER: Clients are unlikely to act upon the advice that is
given to them. We are there to help lead them in the direction they need to go. We need to be active
listeners.
What are some of the benefits and what are some of the harms of the counselor functioning as a
diagnostician? - ANSWER: Some of the benefits are being able to generate easy communication
between multiple professionals caring for a client, a counselor is able to alleviate the client's guilt
because it provides the vocabulary for client to name what they are experiencing, and a diagnosis
makes it easier for family and friends to be part of the process without blaming the client.
Some harms include making the client feel hopeless because they feel stuck with a disease imposing
societal values on the client.
What are two ways counselors assess clients? - ANSWER: formal and informal assessment
When are counselors businesspersons or entrepreneurs? - ANSWER: Counselors are businesspersons
or entrepreneurs when they need to finance there work. While some counselors may be paid by
agencies they work for, some counselors must finance themselves and put a program in place to be
paid for their work.
Name and explain three roles of a counselor. - ANSWER: 1. Therapist: working with individuals or
groups in a therapeutic way to help clients make appropriate choices and changes in their lives.
2. Expert witness: Mental health professionals who are hired by attorneys or government to aid in a
case.
3. Researcher: using treatment methods that have an empirical base and researching new techniques.
True or False. All licensing and certification boards have specific requirements regarding continuing
education units. - ANSWER: True
What is the DSM? - ANSWER: It is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Currently, it is in its fifth version and it has the criteria for every known mental disorder.
In which counselor type is it appropriate to give advice? - ANSWER: Career counseling
